Ubuzima
Alexander Galch - umwanditsi numuhanzi windirimbo zabo, umukinnyi wincuranga na prose, umusizi na edicwrier. Aya mazina yumugabo - Ginzburg, na Galiki niwe wihimbano nubuvanganzo bwubuvanganzo, umusizi yinjiye afashijwe namabaruwa ava mumazina ye, izina nubumuntu.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Alexandre yavukiye mu kugwa kwa 1918 mumujyi wa Ukraine wa Dinneper wahoze ari EkaterinoSlave, mumuryango w'Abayahudi. Nyina w'umuhungu vekler Feig Barisovna yakoraga muri konserwatori, na se Aron Samolovich bakoze mu ruzitiro rw'ubukungu. Sasha ntabwo ari umwana wenyine mumuryango, umuhungu yari afite murumunawe Valery, wari umaze gukora nkumukoresha wa firime ukuze.
Igihe Alegizandere yari afite imyaka 2, umuryango we wimukiye i Sevastopol, na nyuma yimyaka 3 i Moscou. Yarangije mu murwa mukuru w'Uburusiya. Impano yumwanditsi ukiri muto ababyeyi nabarimu babonye mubana. Kubwibyo, igitabo cya mbere cya Galich cyagaragaye muri Pioney Pravda, igihe kimaze imyaka 13.
Muri ubwo myaka, SASHA yari azi ko umwuga we uzahuzwa no guhanga, ariko ntibyashoboraga kumenya neza icyerekezo. Kubwibyo, nyuma yo kurangiza icyiciro cya 9, umusore ageze hafi kimwe muri studio ya opera-ikinamico ya Stanislavsky n'ikigo cy'ubuvanganzo, vuba aha yataye. Nyuma yimyaka 3, asiga studio ya operatique.
Mu 1939, umusore yinjiye muri AlexeI arbuzov na Studio The Studio ya Valentine. Icyapa cya Alexandre nk'umukinnyi w'ikirere cyabaye mu mwaka wo kwiga, ku bufatanye n'abandi banyeshuri, yaremye ibintu byo gukina "umujyi kuri Zare". Kandi yanditse indirimbo yo gukina no gukina imwe mu nshingano.
Intambara yo gutangira, umusore yarekuwe mubuvuzi. Nyuma hamwe nishyaka ryubushakashatsi, Galich yagiye kuri Grozny kandi yamaze kuba muri ikinamico ikinamico, aho ikorera imyaka itari mike. Kwimuka k'umusizi kugera kuri tashkent bihujwe na studio ya Arbuzova, wakoze itsinda ryamahoro maze atumira hariya bashize.
Umuziki
Umuziki muri biografiya ya Galich igaragara mu mpera za 1950. Umugabo yanditse indirimbo kandi yigenga arabakorera, gucuranga gitari. Iyo urema indirimbo y'umwanditsi, Bard yangaga imigenzo y'urukundo kandi bidatinze yabaye umwe mu bahagarariye neza ubwoko. Kandi hamwe no kugaruka kwa kaseti ya mbere, igihe indirimbo zanditswe kandi zumva inshuro nyinshi, zahinduwe, umugabo wahinduye icyamamare.
Nyuma, gutera ibyegeranyo, umugabo ntabwo yashyizemo indirimbo za mbere zanditswe muri bo. Kandi imirimo myinshi yo muri 1959-1962 yabujijwe nimibiri ya leta ya Ussr, kubera ko, uko babonaga ko inyigisho z'Abasoviyeti. Hamwe no kurenganya akarengane ku guhanga kwe, Galich Biracyakomeje guhimba ibisigo indirimbo zigenda ziyongera kandi zikarishye mubijyanye n'imibanire ya politiki buri gihe.
Birumvikana ko ibyo byose byakomeje kugeza igihe runaka kandi, amaherezo, byatumye habaho amakimbirane n'abayobozi ba leta. Umugabo uteye ubwoba gutanga ibitaramo, umusaruro imirongo yinyandiko zabo bwite no kwandika inyandiko. Mu busore bwe, Galich yabaye umwanditsi wenyine wahisemo umudendezo, yanze ubuzima bwiza kandi butera imbere.
Ubundi, ibitaramo bya Ban byateguwe Ibitaramo mu nzu, abamuteze amatwi baranditswe kandi bagakwirakwiza imifuka n'indirimbo. Ariko, abakozi ba KGB bakurikiranye neza ibi bihe, abakoresha bakunze kugaragara, kandi ibitaramo bisabwa guhagarika.
Ariko, iki ntabwo aricyo kintu kibi cyane ko Alexander Arkadyevich yari ateganijwe. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1968, igiza cyafashe icyemezo cyo kuvuga mu gitaramo rusange, cyafashwe mu rwego rw'umunsi mukuru w'indirimbo y'umwanditsi muri novosibirk. Mubikorwa byacu, umuntu akora indirimbo "Kwibuka B. L. Pasnak". Ukwezi kumwe nyuma yibi birori, hagaragara hagaragara mu kinyamakuru Novosibiryk, aho Galtich ikorerwa rubanda. Ako kanya muri aderesi ye haza iterabwoba, ibuza imikorere yindirimbo no gukandamizwa.
Kugerageza kwirengagiza reaction y'abayobozi, nyuma y'umwaka, Alexander Galich yasohoye igitabo cya mbere "indirimbo". Ikimenyetso gishora muri "Anti-Anti-Soviet" mu mahanga "kubiba" kubiba ". Kubwibyo mu 1971, mbere yumwaka mushya, umugabo akurwa mubumwe bwabanditsi ba USSR, kandi umwaka utaha areka kuba umunyamuryango wubuvanganzo nubumwe bwa Sinemandograppi.
Mugihe cyakazi nkuko umwanditsi windirimbo n ibisigo Galich yakoze imirimo myinshi. Abafana benshi bose bakundaga igitabo "Iyo ngenda," ballad ku muriro w'iteka ndetse n'ubwenge, indirimbo ya rurd "ibyerekeye ibiranga" n'izindi nyandiko.
Film
Mu gihe cyambere cyubuzima, UmukinyiODWright Galhich yaremye ikinamico gusa. Mu gihe kuva 1956 kugeza 1959, yanditse ikinamico 6, harimo n '"umuhanda w'abahungu", "inzira duhitamo", mu 1958, umusizi akora a Kina witwa "Syrosk Guceceka". Premiere yateguwe ko azabera ikinambaro "cy'iki gihe, icyo gihe cyakinguye gusa. Ariko, ikibazo nticyari cyagenwe kibaho, kandi ku nshuro ya mbere abumva babonye umusaruro nyuma y'urupfu rw'umwanditsi, mu 1988.
Mu 1954, umugabo arema inyandiko yambere kuri firime. Umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi, umugizi wa nabi wa leta ati: "Abanenga banenga bashushanyaga." Umusore wa gatatu "," yiruka ku muhengeri "n'abandi. Mu 1964, kuri Filime "Galiki ya Leta" yahawe diplome ya KGB ya UssR.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Hamwe numugore uzaza wa Valentina Arkhangelsk Galich yateranye i Tashkent. Umugore yari umukinnyi wa filime. Mukuru we Rostislav Arkhangelsky ni umuyobozi n'uwahimbye. Mu gihe runaka, urubyiruko rwahuye, maze nyuma yimukira i Moscou yahisemo kwemera umubano. Kandi ahatinze nyuma yubukwe, batangiye gutekereza kubana, nyuma yumwaka Valentine wabyaye umugabo we kumukobwa wa Alegizandere. Ariko, ubuzima bwihariye bwumusizi ntabwo buri gihe bwishimye.
Imyaka 2 nyuma yo kuvuka k'umwana uhuriweho, Valentine yahisemo kwimukira muri Irkutsk, kuko yakiriye umwanya wa filime miremire muri page yaho. Umubano uri kure uragoye guha urubyiruko, kandi igihe cyashize biganisha ku gutandukana.
Alexander Arkadyevich ntabwo yababajwe no kwigarurira no mu 1947 yongeye gushyingiranwa. Iki gihe umusizi watowe yabaye Angelina Nikolaevna Shekrot. Nubwo umugabo we ari umugambanyi, umugore yari kumwe na we kugeza apfuye, amutegereje murugo no gukunda aba nyuma.
Mu 1967, amakuru ajyanye no kuvuka kwa Galiki Umuhungu utaragendarwa yagaragaye mu binyamakuru. Yabyaye izina rya Gorky Sophia Mikhnova-voitenko. Umuhungu witwa Grishaga no kwandika izina rya nyina.
Imyaka ya nyuma yubuzima yari umuntu kuri Alexandre Galich. Uburenganzira bwe bukabuza uburenganzira nk'umwanditsi n'umuhanzi w'indirimbo, bahagarika inzira yo kurushaho guteza imbere umwuga, abayobozi ba leta bagize uruhare mu kubona ko mu 1974, umuntu wimukiye muri USSR.
Byongeye kandi, verisiyo ebyiri zukuntu yabikoze mu masoko y'iyo myaka. Bamwe bavuga ko muri viza ya Isiraheli, abandi bavuga ko abimuka babaye munsi yashinjwe kuva mu mahugurwa ya Noruveje. Nyuma y'amezi 4, imirimo yose ya Alexander Arkadyevich - Ibitabo, indirimbo, imivugo no gukina - kubuza muri usssr no kwambura umuntu ubwenegihugu.
Kuva Leta y'Abasoviyeti, Alexander Arkadyevich muri Noruveje. Ngaho, atanga vinyl ya mbere "kurira" ("creek yongorera") hamwe nibihe 12. Ku gifuniko cyanditse cyashyize ifoto y'umwanditsi hamwe na gitari mumaboko ye. Nyuma, Galich yimukiye i Munich, hanyuma, asanzwe atuye, ahitamo Paris.
Urupfu
Nyuma yo kwimukira mu kindi gihugu, Alexandre ahatirana ubuzima n'umugore we. Ariko, idyll yabo ahantu hashya yamaze igihe kirekire. Ibyago byabaye hamwe nu musizi bigaragara ko byagenewe ibizaba.
Umunsi umwe, umugore wa Galiki yagiye mu iduka ryo guhaha, kandi uwo gihe yahisemo kwigenga kwigenga kuri Anten kuri TV. Kubera gutungurwa, umugabo yapfuye ku ya 15 Ukuboza 1977. Impamvu y'urupfu yari isohoka amashanyarazi, Galich yakiriye kubera uburyo butari bwo amashanyarazi.
Igihe umugore we amuvumbuye mu nzu, yari akiri muzima, ariko kubera ko abaganga bajya kwaho hashize igihe kinini, Alegizandere adashobora kuzigama. Mu gihe runaka, umusizi yapfiriye ku bw'amahirwe, kandi ubwicanyi bwe bwateguwe mbere kandi buteganijwe. Ariko, iyi verisiyo ntabwo yabonye ibyemezo, kandi abantu bose bari aho bapfuye ba Galich nabo batangaza impanuka.
Gushyingura kwa Alexander Arkadyevich yarengeje iminsi 7 nyuma y'urupfu. Imva yumusizi iri i Paris, mu irimbi ry'Uburusiya.
Ikigaragara gishimishije nuko kubuzwa kurekura ibitabo n'indirimbo z'umusizi byakuweho mu 1980. Ikigaragara ni uko kwemera impano ya Alexander Arkadyevich, mu 1993 abategetsi b'igihugu bafashe icyemezo cyo gusubiza ubwenegihugu.
Discography
- 1968 - "Novosibirsk 1968"
- 1971-1972 - "Alexandre Galich"
- 1967-1974 - "Iyo ngenda"
- 1974 - "Kurya kwongorera"
- 1975 - "Galich muri Isiraheli"
- 1990 - "Reba Ijoro"
- 1994 - "Kwibuka"
Filmography
- 1951 - "Mu kibaya"
- 1953-1954 - "Kuri RAPT"
- 1960 - "Yazutse" inshuro eshatu "
- 1964 - "Umugizi wa nabi wa Leta"
- 1964 - "Umujyi mwiza"
- 1965 - "Urubyiruko rwa gatatu"
- 1967 - "Kwiruka ku muhengeri"
- 1970 - "Taimyr biragutera"
- 1976 - "Iyo ngenda"