Amateka y'inyuguti
Igitabo cya John Tolkina "Hobbit, cyangwa inyuma n'inyuma" gisobanura igice cy'abivumbuwe n'umwanditsi w'isi n'ijuru, kugirango wumve ko agomba gukomeza gusoma imirimo ye. Umwanditsi akoresha intwari kimwe, kwagura ubumenyi umusomyi ku biography n'ubuzima by'abantu b'ingenzi bavugwamo, gutanga impamvu neza ibikorwa byabo, wategekaga kugira impuhwe no kubabarana na bo. Isi nziza ya Tolkien irakinguye ahantu h'amayobera, ubutaka butazwi, ibiremwa bitangaje n'ibitangaza.Amateka yo Kurema
"Hobbit, cyangwa inyuma n'inyuma" nigice cyambere cyimirimo yeguriwe ibyabaye bibera muri Mediterane. Inyandiko ya firime ya Peter Jackson yishimiye rubanda, abamenyereye tralogiya "Umwami w'impeta".
Imiterere y'imigani ya "Hobbit" yari Umukobwa wa Gnome. Byahinduwe mu izina rya kera, intwari isobanura "Marbled" kandi yakiriwe mu ndirimbo za Eddic. Basobanuye imiterere yitwa Eykinkyoldildi, isobanuwe nk '"umutware w'ingabo." Gukora ku buryo bw'imiterere y'igitabo, Tolkien yahujije indangagaciro z'amazina kandi itangwa abasomyi amahirwe yo kumenyana na tollin cool. Ni umuyobozi w'Abasno, mu nyandiko yambere yandikishijwe intoki igitabo cyagaragaye ku izina rya Gandalf. Nyuma, umwanditsi yahinduye amazina y'abakinnyi
Nkikibazo umwanditsi, Tolin yajyanye urupfu nkumurwanyi wintwari, kurugamba rwa nyuma. Iki gitekerezo cyasuye Tolkina ku cyiciro cya nyuma cyakazi kumurimo, bityo rero mugihe cyiterambere ryumugambi, ibitekerezo bike kumupfakazi we. Ubwa mbere, Tolkien ntabwo yatekereje gusobanura intambara yabasirikare batanu. Amakimbirane hagati yabantu na elve yakemuwe muburyo bwamahoro, na torun, umwami munsi yumusozi, yagize uruhare runini.
Nyuma y'igitabo cya mbere cya "Hobt", umwanditsi yongeyeho kuri "Mwami w'impeta" yongeyeho, aho yasobanuye ko pedin to tolin mu rwego rwamateka yabaturage ba Durin. Kuva mu maso y'iyi miterere, ibitekerezo bya Gendalf byahawe ibintu byateje urugendo ku ntanga yonyine.
Ishusho ya tortin yaremewe imigani ya Scandinaviya, leitmotifs zikurikiranwa neza mugikorwa cya John Tolkina. Umwanditsi yavuze ku miterere y'imiterere, umwanditsi yagize icyo avuga ku bwigenge bwe nk'igice kiranga Scandinavina ya kera. Imvugo ya torni irimo mu katozi.
Kunegura ubuvanganzo Shakisha umubano namasomo ya kera mu kuvuga ubutunzi bwabavumwe, bushobora gutanga intwari, bigira ingaruka ku ntwari kandi bisa n'umugani wo mu gisime cya kera bweruzi. Itandukaniro riri hagati yisi yintwari zigezweho hamwe ninyuguti z'isi ya kera biragaragara neza kurugero rwimikoranire ya Bilbo na tolin. John Tolkien yongeyeho urwenya rugezweho mu ijambo ku kanwa kandi ryanditse ku mwami w'Abasnomes kugira ngo byoroshye imyumvire.
Umurongo wa tollin ufatwa nkububabare murwego rwakazi. Aussa Macbeth, intwari igera hejuru yububasha kandi, ipfa, itera umusomyi kugira inkasiti, kwicuza kuba imico yapfuye. Urupfu rw'intwari rutanga uburemere bw'amarangamutima y'inkuru kandi bigatuma umurimo wanyuma wanyuma wakazi.
"Hobbit, cyangwa inyuma n'inyuma"
Ibikombe bya torni ni umwami w'ibitereko. Intwari yavukiye mu 2746 na gatatu mu muryango wa gatatu mu muryango wa II. Sekuru w'indwara yari umutegetsi watsinze n'umwami wa Dariyo. Ku myaka 24, Tolin yiboneye ibitero by'ikiyoka cya umwotsi n'urupfu rwa bene wabo benshi. GNOMEs yahatiwe kuva mu gihugu cya kavukire kandi agamije imyaka myinshi ku turere twabandi, akoreshwa muri serivisi. Umwana yiboneye uburyo se wa gari ya moshi yakusanyije ingabo zo kwihorera ku rupfu rw'ubwonko bwagerageje kugarura ubwami bwa kera bwa Dwarve. Umuyobozi wa ORC yahindutse ikintu cyo kwihorera.
Amazina atwara intwari kurugamba rwagambaniye, igihe yahatirwa kwerekana ibitero afite umutimana wa oak aho kuba ingabo yamenetse. Ku butaka, gnomes yarwaniye, haracyari umuvumo wa durin, bityo torline n'abantu be byabaye ngombwa ko bimukira mu misozi y'ubururu. Ubuzima bwabo bwateye imbere kubera akazi gafitanye isano bifitanye isano no gukuramo icyuma na zahabu. Yatungijwe n'inyota ya zahabu, gari ya moshi yagiye mu musozi wigunze, afatwa na Sauron. Yafashwe na gultur, yahuye na gandalf imvi ashyikiriza umuyobozi w'ikarita n'urufunguzo.
Iburyo mu misozi y'ubururu, Tolin yerekanye ko ari umutegetsi w'ingufu kandi w'ishema aganisha ku bihugu kugira ngo atere imbere. Mu myaka yashize, igitekerezo cyo gusubiza umusozi wigunze cyigeze kimenya umwami. Gendalf Gray yatanze igitekerezo cya tollin guhuza ingabo zirwanya ikiyoka hamwe na fagitire ya hobbit, "cyuma" wabigize umwuga. GNOME ntabwo yashimishijwe n'umukandida yasabye, ariko, amenya ko amahirwe ashingiye ku bufatanye ku nyungu, yarayemeza kuri yo. Mu bukangurambaga bwa mbere, isosiyete yateganyaga kurwana n'ikamyo, aho tolin yangije inkota y'inzobere za gondaline.
Nyuma yubunyage bwa orcs n'ibitero, varga torkin, itsinda rya Gendalf ryari mu rugo rwa Beorna. Torrin yagize uruhare mu ntambara na Elve, wahisemo inkota, ashyikiriza gereza. Bilbo yashoboye kubohora uwo bafatanyabikorwa, kandi inshuti zakijijwe, zikoresha muri bateri ku mugezi w'ishyamba. Ku kiyaga cya Lakeruma, Tolin yabwiye uburenganzira bwe ku musozi wigunze kandi ashyiramo ubufasha bw'abaturage. Bilbo yishe igisato. Abihayi bashoboye kugera kubutunzi, ariko ingingo y'ingenzi kuri tolin ntiyari mu butunzi. Arkenston yari i Bilbo.
Amaze kwiyigira ku gikona cya Roaak ku rupfu rw'ikiyoka, Tirun yategetse gushimangira uburyo bwo gufatanya ku mubabaro uhindagurika mbere yo gutera akababaro, abaza igice cye cy'ubutunzi. Bilbo yahaye Arkenston Barusi, yashinze imbaraga mu makimbirane n'i tongin, uwarakariye inshuti. Torin yapfiriye ku rugamba na Orcs. Igice cya Slim mbere y'intambara y'abantu, abana na elve, yagerageje kwica umuyobozi wa Orcs kandi yakomeretse.
Gukingira
Muri Kinocartine "Hobt" uruhare rwibinyampekeri tortin byujujwe umukinnyi wa Kichard Arém. Ku butumire bwo kwitabira film, umuhanzi ntiyari yiteze, kuko yumvaga ko imikurire ya santimetero 180 idashoboka ko yemerera kumvira umwami w'Abasno. Ubwa mbere, umuhanzi yiyongera kubera kwemerwa nuruhare, ariko nyuma yishimiye urugero rwitegura Umuyobozi. Ibibera by'imisozi n'ibisamo byari byinshi, kandi gnomes yambaraga inkweto kuri platifomu idasanzwe kugirango abakinnyi basa nkibisobanuro byabo byubuvanganzo.
Abafana benshi bahanganye batangajwe no kubona umukinnyi nta grima. Isura nziza yumuhanzi yahinduwe hafi yubu ubwenge. Ikigo kigaragara mu maso, kandi ikirango kirekire cyasimbuwe na Shevo. Amezi umwe nigice Armortage yatojwe kwitabira intambara kureba murwego rwumuyobozi nyawe wumurwanyi.
Ku muhanzi uhanitse, wari igitangaza cyitwaje intwari wagize uruhare mu gukora isosiyete ya Royal Shakespeare, umwuga wa Birmingham, umwuga wa tereviziyo watangiye hamwe na serija "amajyaruguru n'Amajyaruguru". Hanyuma umukinnyi aherekeza mu mashusho y'uburebure "Macbeth", "Robin", "imyigaragambyo yo ku giti cye" na "uwihorera". Uruhare nyamukuru mu mafilime rw'umuhanzi cyari ishusho ya tortin igikombe, yari afite ingeso nziza kuri ecran nini.