Ubuzima
Archinka Qunji rimwe mu bakinnyi badasanzwe cyane muri kimwe cya kabiri cya XIX ikinyejana cya XIX, kitwa "Umuhanzi Umucyo". Numuco mu buryo butangaje guhinduka, kandi wenda urukundo rwihariye rwubuzima no muri rusange. Ndetse yitirirwa gukoresha "amarangi yukwezi". Birumvikana ko ari umugani gusa, ushimangira, ariko, amarozi yo guhanga kwe.
Ntabwo abantu benshi ubuhanzi burashobora kwirata ubuzima nkubwo: Intsinzi mubuzima bwite no mu guhanga no gukomera no kumenya neza abaturage, abanegura, abo mukorana. Ibibanza bya Shebuja - Ibiti bya birch, amajoro yukwezi, ibicu nyuma yimvura, izuba rirenze - hit kandi ritangazwa nubuhamya bwabo kandi tugire amahoro.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umuhanzi uzaza yavutse 27 (15 ashaje) muri Mariupol. Bizwi. Nyuma y'urupfu muri archive, qunjini yabonye pasiporo eshatu, muri zo - 1841, 1842 na 1843. Se ivan khristoforovich - Ikigereki ku nkomoko, inkoni ku mwuga - izina ryose ryari Emenji (kuva muri Turukiya - "Umuntu w'umukozi"). Ariko sekuru wa Baromalimira Magia Kindji - "Umwigisha wa Zahabu". Niyo mpamvu izina ryumuhanzi. Nta makuru yerekeye nyina.
Umuhungu ni imfubyi kare kare kandi izamurwa mumuryango nyirarume, hanyuma nyirarume mumurongo wa se. Yakoraga byinshi: Paice Gusey, yakusanyije Kizyak. Kuba ikibana, Yaros yarinze inyamaswa kuva muri Hooligans kandi ifasha abafite intege nke.
Yize Arimbip ubanza muri MIRNGRAPRAP ya Milnografiya. Kubera ko yarize ikibo cy'ibihe by'Abagereki yinjiye mu ishuri ry'umujyi. Siyanse ntabwo yakwegereye umunyeshuri, ariko yishimiye. Nkumukobwa muto, imiterere yimiterere yegereye byose: uruzitiro, urukuta, impapuro zisi.
Saami, quinji yagiye gukora mu kubaka itorero: Bayobowe n'amatafari, kandi mu gihe cye cy'ubutaka inkuta z'icyumba yariho. Nyuma y'ibyo, yakoraga ku mukoni. Yerekanye umuhungu igihe cyose, kandi yagiriwe inama yo kujya ku bigishwa i Ivan Aivazovys.
Aricka yajyanye n'amaguru yerekeza i Budodosiya, aho yari atuye marine ya bikomeye. Ivan KanStantinovich, ntabwo abona impano, ntabwo yigishije umwana, ariko ntiyatwaye. Namugaragaje ahantu munsi yinzu kandi ntegeka gushushanya uruzitiro no gushimisha irangi kubwibi. Gusezerana na Archite ugereranije Adolf Adolf Faiisler. Nyuma y'amezi abiri, umwamikazi yasubiye i Mariupol atangira gukora umuyoboro ku mufoto waho. Hanyuma Qunji yagiye muri St. Petersburg kwinjira mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi.
Gushushanya
Mu myaka ibiri ikurikiranye, umuhanzi yagerageje kwinjira muri iryo tushuro, kandi inshuro zombi zirananirana. Nyuma yo gutsindwa kwa kabiri, Qunjin yanditse ifoto ya Tatar Saklya akabishyikira mu imurikagurisha. Yahawe izina ry'umuhanzi utari mu cyiciro, ariko, yanga, umusore yasabye ko asohoka mu ishuri. Mu 1868 rero, yaguye kuri Pap yabanyeshuri.
Muri iki gihe, Ilya Renin na Victor Vasnetsov barimo kuba inshuti magara za Iwanovich Archka. Kubera uruhare rwabo, yanditse ahantu hake cyane cyane byatsinze mu imurikagurisha.
Kuva mu 1870, umuhanzi akunze kubaho ku kirwa cya Valaamu kandi yandikira imirimo myinshi yeguriwe. Icyamamare cyane - "ikiyaga cya Lake Lake" na "ku kirwa cya Valaam". NYUMA YA NYUMA YIHUGU. Yabonye Pavel Tretyoko kubwikiza.
Mu 1873, Primenji yagize uruhare mu imurikagurisha rya Sosiyete ishinzwe guteza imbere abahanzi. Yerekanye iki gishushanyo "urubura" kubaturage bashishoza, aho umudali w'umuringa yakiriye umudari w'umuringa i Londres i Londres.
Mu 1875, Quemenji yemeye mumitwe. Yanditse ashyira umudendezo w'ijoro ryo muri Ukraine "kuri supernice ikurikira. Abari aho bari bafite ishyaka nkaho umucyo uzima wukwezi, uri inyuma yijoro ryijimye ryambaye akazu kwubatsi.
Duhereye kuri uyu murimo watangiye "igihe cyurukundo" mubikorwa byukuri. Muri iki gihe, shebuja ari mubihe bikomeye byo guhanga. Guhanga udushya mubuto bwuburusiya bihinduka ibara ryiza tumenyekanisha amabara yinyongera.
Mu 1876, Umwigisha yakwirakwije hamwe nibitekerezo bya terefone igendanwa. Yatahuye ko ari ngombwa kuri we kurengana ubuzima, ahubwo yamwishimye. Kandi mu 1879 amaherezo bavuye mubufatanye. Muri uwo mwaka, umuhanzi yashyikirije abaturage muri tralogiya: "Amajyaruguru", "nyuma y'imvura", "nyuma y'imvura". Ingaruka ya APREST iragaragara neza hano, nubwo umwanditsi adakoresha amafaranga asanzwe kuri iki cyerekezo.
Mu 1880, umurangi wateguye imurikagurisha ryishusho imwe. "Ijoro ry'ukwezi ku nkombe ya Dnieper" ryibanze ku ruhame. Mucyumba cyijimye, aho nta kamera imwe yumucyo yinjiye gusa, gusa akazi kakagarijwe na larnan. Mu rugendo nkurwo, byasaga nkaho ukwezi kwaka rwose. Abashyitsi basabwa na canvas kugirango barebe ko nta soko yoroheje aho.
Akazi karushijeho guhuriza hamwe ibishushanyo, byaguze Dunstantin kontantinovich. Gukora ku ishusho, umuhanzi yagerageje abumbanye, yakoresheje bitumen. Byaragaragaye ko biva mu ngaruka z'umwuka n'umucyo ari umwijima. N '"Ijoro ry'ukwezi ku nkombe ya Dnieper" yaje guhindura ibara, ariko ntibyagize ingaruka ku byo ye. Yamaze kugaragara kubitsa bwa mbere kubitsa ahantu nyaburanga.
Muri Kamena 1882, Quemenji yateguye imurikabikorwa ry'imirimo ibiri: "Igituba cy'inyenzi" na "Ijoro ry'ukwezi kuri Dnieper", hanyuma imyaka 20 yose abaye urwango. Yaracyanditse byinshi, ariko ahagarara kwerekana imirimo ye.
Mu 1888, umuhanzi hamwe na Nikolai Yarorkonko yagiye muri Caucase. Ngaho, babonye ibintu bidasanzwe - kwerekana imibare yabo yagutse ku gicu cyamabara meza. Gukurikira urugendo, ahantu heza havutse imisozi.
Mu 1901, umurangi wahisemo kwereka abigishwa be n'umuzi wose w'abareba umubare w'imirimo mishya. Muri bo harimo canvas "Kristo mu busitani bwa Gefsema". Yarakubise. Ibi nibyo umuhanga mu by'amateka ya Vladimir Petrov yanditse kubyerekeye ishusho:
"Ikibanza, cyakuruye inshuro nyinshi Abaseperade - Filime, Kindis yasobanuye akurikije ibyamubayeho mu busobanuro bw'inkomoko ya Kristo" umucyo uva mu mucyo "kandi wafashwe Itandukaniro rikomeye n'umwijima ukikije, aho twegereye Kristo guhuza abatwara ikibi. "
Akazi kabitswe mu ngoro ya Vorontsov-Inzu Ndangamurage muri Alupka.
Mu gihe kuva 1900 kugeza 1905, Shebuja yandika ifoto "Umukororombya". Uyu munsi ni kimwe mu nama ya Leta y'Umurage w'Uburusiya. Hariho akazi gasa, ariko gato kabitswe mu nzu ndangamurage ya Chuvash.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ku ya 17, umusore yakundanye bwa mbere n'iteka ryose. Abapayiniya babaye umurwayi ukiri muto kethethegi-shapovalov. Urubyiruko rwateraniye munzu ya se wumukobwa - umucuruzi ukize. Amaze kumva ibyiyumvo by'umukobwa we, yigeze kubaza niba yarashakanye na Bosika. Icyahawe igisubizo cyihariye:
"Niba atari kuri Arindiright, icyo gihe ku kigo cy'abihaye Imana gusa."
Ketherji yashyizeho imiterere: ibiceri ijana bya zahabu kumugisha wa Data. Umuhanzi ukiri muto kugirango abone amafaranga nkaya, nagombaga kujya i St. Petersburg. UKWIZERA KUMENYA GUTEGEREZA. Arategereza. Abuck yakoresheje amafaranga asabwa. Ariko se yahinduye imiterere ansaba amafaranga menshi. Qunjin yongeye gusiga i St. Petersburg. Yabayeho nabi kandi akora cyane.
Mu 1875, urubyiruko rwarashyingiranywe. Nyuma yubukwe, umugabo mushya yanditse igishushanyo cyuwo mwashakanye. Mu rugendo rw'ubukwe yagiye ku kirwa cya Valaam. Muri urwo rugendo, twakinnyega n'umuyaga ukomeye. Abashakanye bakijijwe kandi bakemurwa: Iyo Imana izabahana ubuzima bwabo, ugomba kubohereza kubikorwa byiza.
Nyuma yubukwe, umwamikaziji yanditse ishusho imwe. Imirimo yaguzwe. Bitandukanye na Geni nyinshi, yaramenyekanye kandi akunda mubuzima bwe. Ariko abashakanye bayoboye ubuzima bworoheje, mugihe bafasha abahanzi bato. Yoherereje amafaranga abakene. Yaguze amazu 3 muri St. Petersburg aho inshuti zabayeho kubuntu. Umugore yashyigikiye umugabo we mu bibazo. Kudasaba diyama n'imyambarire myiza, ubwe niteguye no gusukura inzu. Kubera ko yari umuhanga mu bafite impano, ntabwo natekereje ku biganza bikenewe "kwitabwaho".
Uwo mwashakanye yarokotse abakundwa mu myaka 10. Nta bana bakomoka kuri bombi.
Urupfu
Mu 1907, ubuzima bw'umuhanzi bwatangiye gukomera. Ubwa mbere yabonye umwuka mwinshi. Kandi mu mpeshyi yo mu 1909, yagarutse muri Crimémée, yamaze icyumweru kirenga hagati yubuzima nurupfu. Abaganga bakoze x-imirasinga basanga kwagura umutima na aorta. Indwara Umuhanzi yatangiye neza. Igitero cyarahagaritswe, kandi umurangi yashoboye gukira, ariko ntarangiza.
Isoko ikurikira, mu rugendo i Moilta, umwamikaziji yahagaze muri hoteri, ari naho yuzura uburwayi bwe. Bamusanganye gutwika ibihaha. Umuhanzi yari afite imyaka 68. Ku myaka nkizo, indwara ni amayeri cyane cyane, kandi afatanije numutima urwaye, hafi kurara. Myocardis yagiye yica umuhanga buhoro buhoro.
Abaganga bakurikije amahoro yuzuye, nta nama n'ibiganiro. Vera Leontievna yagumye muri iki gihe cya St. Petersburg. Uhangayikishijwe no kubura Westa, yagiye kuri yalta. Icyo gihe, Archite ya Ivanovich yabaye nziza. Yasubiye mu murwa mukuru w'amajyaruguru, aho umuhanzi yari akwiye gutwarwa. Ariko ibi ntibyabaye. Yageze i Yalta ku nshuro ya kabiri kandi we ubwe yateguye kwimuka. Abaganga bagiriye inama yo gufatwa muri Caucase, ariko shebuja akunzwe na sesiki ya Resort. Ariko, yananiwe kuhagera.
Muri St. Petersburg, uko igihugu cya Ivanovich cyarushijeho kuba kibi ku buryo cyagaragaye - iminsi ye. Amezi abiri yaciwe mubabazwa. Umuhanzi yasobanukiwe ko urupfu rwari rumaze hafi. Yashakaga kubona inshuti. Muri iki gihe, abigishwa ba Roerich, Zarubin, Flylolov yakundaga kumusanga. Inshuti nazo zaramusize.
Dr. Alexander Gavrilovich Gurwich yashyize mu bikorwa ibiganiro bimwe n'umuhanzi mu gitabo cye mu byumweru bishize by'ubuzima bwe. By'umwihariko, yakoze isano riri hagati y'abahanzi n'abaganga, gutongana:
Ati: "Umuhanzi niwe uzi gufata no gushaka ibyo imbere, ubwo buzima n'ubusobanuro bw'ubuzima, kimwe, nkaho butatanye mu mashyaka, biterwa abaganga bakora? Kandi bagomba kuba bashoboye. "
Ibiganiro byinshi bya filozofiya byatumye umuhanzi ufite impano muminsi yanyuma yubuzima. Yahangayikishijwe n'insanganyamatsiko z'ubuhanzi, idini n'imyitwarire ya muntu. Kubera ko ari umuntu ugirira neza ubugingo bugari, yasize agamba.
Mu gitondo cya kare cyo ku ya 11 Nyakanga 1910, Ivanovich Arkaring yabaye. Isanduku hamwe n'umurambo yashyizwe mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi, kandi kuva aho kugera mu irimbi, yatwarwaga n'abanyeshuri. Urugendo rwahujwe nabasabirizi, umuhanzi yarafashijwe. Imva y '"Umuhanzi w' Umucyo" - Irimbi rya Tikhvin rya Alexander Lavra. Umwubatsi Shusov, Umunyabusori Beklemishev, umuhanzi Nikolai Roerich, Frolov ya Mosatiste, yashizweho ku gishushanyo cye.
Gushushanya
- 1869 - "Katedrali ya Isaka munsi y'ukwezi"
- 1871 - "Ikiyaga cya Ladoga"
- 1873 - "Ku kirwa cya Valaam"
- 1875 - "Burian"
- 1875 - "Impeshyi. Umunsi wijimye hejuru yinyanja"
- 1876 - "Ijoro ryo muri Ukraine"
- 1878 - "nimugoroba muri Ukraine"
- 1878 - "Izuba Rirashe y'izuba muri Leu"
- 1889 - "Borch Grove"
- 1880 - "Ijoro ry'ukwezi kuri Dnieper"
- 1887 - "Crimée. Inkombe zo mu nyanja"
- 1900 - "Izuba rirenze mu kibaya"
- 1905 - "Muri Crimée"
- 1908 - "Ubusitani bwindabyo. Caucasus"