Ubuzima
Gutanga umusanzu kuri siyanse, umuhanga, urubanza rwahisemo rwose, rwagombaga kugenda cyane. Gutakaza mu mpaka hamwe n'isonga ry'uwo muhanganye ry'izuru, uzinga inzara y'umubiri, shyiramo ko catheter mu mutima we - iyi ni zo "kwinjira rwihishwa hejuru, gucukura imirambo ya nyakwigendera kandi ukoreshe neza mubikorwa byubushakashatsi. Ku cyanyuma, cyiswe abashinzwe ubuyobozi, cyangwa "kuzura", na Andreas Vazaliy.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Hitamo impano yumwaka mushya - Ubucuruzi burababaje, rimwe na rimwe buhangayitse kandi akenshi bisaba uburyo bwihariye bwumuntu na guhanga. Ahari, mu myaka 1514, muka umufarumasiye y'urukiko yahanganye n'ikibazo kurusha abantu bose, guha umugabo ku ya 31 Ukuboza k'umuhungu wa mbere, yitiriwe Data. Hamwe no kugaragara, inyungu z'ibikorwa rusange z'umuryango - prapraded, sogokuru, shekuru, se na murumuna we Andreas batumye abantu bafite ubuzima bwiza.
Ikirere uyu mwana yakuze yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku ishyirwaho - isomero rikize, imirimo yagize uruhare mu iterambere ry'imyizerere yo kwitonda no kwibukwa no kwerekana ibintu bitangaje, inshuti na bagenzi bacu basuye inzu yo kwakira abashyitsi.
Kubera ko abakuru bifatanyaga ntabwo bemerewe kuba hamwe na bene wabo kandi bakarera abana, noneho gukunda ibitabo no kubuhanzi bwibiyobyabwenge ndetse nubuhanzi bwa nyina Isabel Krabb. Umuhungu yashimishwa cyane no kumenya imiterere y'umubiri kuri we, yakwiga yize imbeba, imbwa, injangwe ninyoni, mugihe kizaza cyatewe niterambere rya biology.
Birumvikana ko ababyeyi batekereje, babonye ibikorwa by'uzungura kandi bagashyigikirwa, gusimbuza urugo mu ishuri i Buruseli no mu ishuri rikuru, indimi 3 n'ubumenyi bushya. Hanyuma aba umunyeshuri wa kaminuza eshatu mu Bubiligi n'Ubufaransa maze akingurana kwambere k'umurambo, yiga Skeleton. Nyuma, yashoboraga mumaso isanzwe n'amaso afunze yerekana amagufwa yose hanyuma uyita.
Ubuvuzi n'imirimo ya siyansi
Ibishanga ku bubasha budashidikanywaho bwa siyansi y'icyo gihe - Galen, kugira ngo uvugurure byinshi mu myumvire ye (bijyanye n'itandukaniro mu mubare w'amaboko mu bagabo n'abagore; ariko umutima, nibindi), gutanga a Utandukanye rwose kumiterere yumubiri wumuntu, Nezenaly yorohewe, amaze kubona uburezi bwiza na dogere ebyiri za siyansi. Shingiro ryayo, ku rugero runaka, umurimo w'impinduramatwara, aho watumijwe kandi uherekeza ibyo agezeho anatomique n'ibikoresho bisobanutse, byasohotse mu 1543.
Ariko, udushya nk'urwo rwashizeho ibintu bitandukanye bya reaction ya rubanda na umuhanga. Bamwe bashimishijwe nibitekerezo kandi bafatwa neza kimwe mubitekerezo byubwenge bya Renaissance. Abandi ntibabyemeye guceceka kugira ngo bahire ihirikwa ry'ikigirwamana cya siyansi y'ibihe maze bategura ibitotezo bya TheOrist na imyitozo. Muri bo harimo umujyanama wa Andreas - Silvius (Silvius), akurikiza ibipimo byashyizweho no gusuzuma umunyeshuri w'ijiji, SveniyaTrotatz, igisimba no gusebanya no gusebanya.
"Nta kintu na kimwe nakiriye. Sinize kubeshya. Ntamuntu unshimira ikintu cyiza ko hari galen, ariko iyo yibeshye, ndabikosora. Ndasaba inama na silviem ku murambo, azashobora kumenya neza uruhande rw'ukuri, "umushinjacyaha.
Amagambo arengerwa n'amazi, ariko, ntabwo yagarukiye - mu bice 28 by'inyandiko yacapwe, yatangaje ko bidasanzwe by'ibitekerezo by'imirwano hanyuma amaherezo byamubyaye. Gushyigikira no gufasha mu gukemura icyo kibazo, abatoteza bahindukiriye umwami.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, Vezalia avuye i Padua, muri Gogolevsky yatwitse igice cy'ibikoresho byateye imbere, atera Anatomiya ya siyansi maze ajya mu ruganda rwo kubaga Karla, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami, nyuma akorera umuragwa ku ntebe. Ariko, iherezo ryahanaguwe ku mugabo kandi ryongeye kujya mu Butaliyani no ku buzima.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Igice nk'iki cya biografiya, nkubuzima bwihariye, ntigitandukanya amakuru arambuye namakuru menshi, aho kuba ibikorwa byumurimo. Bizwi gusa ko afite imyaka 30, byazanye umubano wo gushyingirwa hamwe na van Han Hamme, ariko, ntabwo yatandukanijwe n'abantu bakundana cyane no gukoraho - umugore we yitirirwa imico isukuye kandi ishyushye.
Umwaka umwe, namenye umunezero wa se - Umwana w'ikinege yavukiye mu muryango, umukobwa yari yarabonetse mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro nyina. Nta ngiro hari uruhare mu gusobanukirwa - nta bandi bana bari bakiriho, kandi nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo bashakanye, umugore yashakanye n'inshuro ya kabiri.
Hariho amashusho menshi ya Andreas, kandi, amatsiko menshi, ishusho imwe ibikwa muri hermitage yikirusiya.
Urupfu
Iyicwa ridafite ishingiro kandi ritagira impuhwe ku izina ry'agakiza ryo kwiyuhagira kwabantu, kubara icyo gihe muri Espagne, ntabwo byanze bikunze imanza z'ubuvuzi. Ubuvumbuzi n'imanza, byagenze neza muri paticamake ya Kiliziya Gatolika, bikabije n'ibirego by'inyongera mu rupfu n'ibikorwa by'abatari abatavuga rumwe na leta - gusebanya, kwamaganwa, kwamagana ku ishyari.
Ariko, muriyi nkuru hari ahantu hijimye muriyi nkuru. Kezaliya, kwifuza no kubura nta mutozo, yanditse mugenzi wawe:
"Kandi niba narigeze mbona amahirwe yo gutegura imirambo, ibishoboka bidahari rwose hano, kubera ko hano sinshobora no kugerageza igihanga, nzongera kugerageza kwiga imiterere y'umubiri w'umuntu no kugarura igitabo cyanjye."
Hariho verisiyo: amaze kubona aya mahirwe, umuhanga yemeye ko ku meza yayo yo kubaga azishora mu bushakashatsi bw'umubiri wa nyakwigendera yitiriwe Bwana Abenegihugu bahaga uruhushya, muganga atangira kubaga. Kandi mu buryo butunguranye, ibipimo byari ikintu - mu buryo bw'inyuma cyahindutse muzima imbere, intege nke zatewe. Kumeneka byahindutse amatongo, hanyuma bahemukira.
Andreas nta gahoro yategerezaga urukiko rwera, ariko umufafayi wahaye umutegetsi mushya, kandi ibyabaye byafashwe icyemezo nta maraso. Kugira ngo urutoki rujya mu gihugu cyera no guhinga ibyaha byo gusenga ibyaha by'Uwiteka - icyifuzo ku mugizi wa nabi wumvikanye neza, kandi yarasohoje neza.
Ariko, umuhanga ntabwo yari yagenewe gusubira mu gihugu cye - yapfuye agarutse. Impamvu y'urupfu: Ubwato. Ubwato bwari bwo mu bwato bwari bufite ubwenge bukomeye bwo hagati, bwajugunye umugenzi kuri icyo kirwa mu nyanja ya Ionian, aho utekereza asanga kunonosorwa bwa nyuma ku ya 15 Ukwakira 1564. Nihehe ni imva itazwi.
Nyuma yo kugenda kwa siyansi, izina rye ryakomeje amazi icyondo, umurimo udakomeye utabaho watewe, habonetse ibitekerezo bidahuye, byabonetse kubanywanyi. Ariko, nkuko babivuga, intambara izandika byose, kandi amateka azashyira ahantu.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Yafashe gufungura kwambere k'umurambo muri rubanda
- Yahakanye igitekerezo gikwirakwira imbere muri skeleti yumugabo wamagufwa atangaje ashoboye kubyutsa urukiko ruteye ubwoba, kandi itandukaniro mumibare yimpande yabagabo nabagore
- Umwarimu we numunyeshuri bahemukiwe, amazina yabo yagumye mumateka ashimira andreas
- Yahanuye Umwami Henry Isegonda
- Gukiza umuriro wa mwene Filipo wa kabiri, gabanya ijisho ryanyuma
- Skeleton, yatanzwe na kaminuza ya Basel Yizera, none hariya
- Ibishushanyo by'igitabo Cyo byateguye umunyeshuri w'igitimana