Ubuzima
Jean de Lafoontiton - Umusizi-Basinanople n'umwanditsi, Abakera b'Abafaransa. Nubwo yazaguriye abandi banditsi, wa kera kandi bigezweho, yaremye imiterere n'isi irimo ibisigo, bidasanzwe kandi byihariye, birashoboka kuri buri wese. Basni, mukesha umufaransa yabonye ibyamamare, bigize igice gito cyinyandiko zacyo. Yanditse inkuru nkeya mu mirongo, igitabo, yaburanishijwe muri Elegia na Fantasy, muri Epigram na comedi. Iyi mirimo yinjiye hamwe nibitekerezo byawe bwite hamwe ninyamanswa nziza.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Jean de Lafontaine (Jean de La Lantaine) yavutse ku ya 8 Nyakanga 1621 muri Chateau-Thierry, Intara ya Champagne. Yari umuhungu wo hagati wa Charles de Lafontaine, amashyamba ya Chateau-miyeri n'abashyingo, umukobwa Jean Pida, nyagasani Jean Madar. Murumuna we nyiranye na Cleude yavukiye mu 1623. Mushikiwabo mukuru wa Ann de Zhui afite imyaka 1611 yari umwana mu bukwe bwa mbere na nyina hamwe na Louis de Zhui.
Yamaze imyaka yambere yubuzima muri Chateau acurangira, munzu ababyeyi be baguze muri 1617. Hano hari amakuru make kubyerekeye imyaka yishuri. Birazwi ko yasuye College of City we Kavukire, Ikilatini. Agezeyo, yabaye inshuti na Francois de Mokrua, Umusizi uzaza n'Umusemuzi, Abbot yayoboye Lafontena.
Ababyeyi bateguye umuhungu uciriritse kuri seminari kandi muri 1641 bamushyira mu kanwa. Umwaka umwe, umusore yavuye mu nzira y'idini, ahitamo gusoma igitunguru d'uryf na Francois Rabl aho kuba mu butayu.
Nyuma yibyo, Jean yagiye i Paris kwiga uburenganzira. Agezeyo, yinjiye ku ruziga rw'abasizi bato, biyise "Knightson," Tallemoman de Reo. Mu 1649, Lafoonten yakiriye impamyabumenyi y'umunyamategeko agura umwanya wa se i Chateau - theerry. Jean yari mu mirimo yemewe. Muri icyo gihe, ibitabo bye byari bigaruriwe, maze ahitamo kwiyitaha.
Akazi
Ibikorwa byambere byubuvanganzo bya Lafontaine byabaye injiji mubikorwa 5 "inkone", cyasohotse mu 1654. Byari guhuza imirimo yumukino wa kera w'Abaroma wa Tivention, wanyuze atamenyekanye.
Muri iki gihe, umurinzi w'ivabutabo w'Abafaransa wari Sublintolas Fuce, Minisitiri w'imari wayobowe na Louis Xiv, wagize uruhare runini mu biografiya y'umusizi. Lafoontiton yahise ahabwa itegeko ry'imigabane n'ibigo "ku kiruhuko cy'ubuvanganzo" mu mibo mikuru igihumbi.
Usibye akazi gateganijwe, umusizi yatangaga umusizi ku musigo "Adonis", yanditswe mu mwuka w'Umusizi wa kera w'Abaroma Ovigi, yatangiye gukora umurimo mubwiza bwumutungo wa FUCE muri Le Soge de Vaux. Ingoro ya Minisitiri muri kiriya gihe yari mu cyiciro cyo kubaka, bityo Lafoonten yabisobanuye muburyo bw'inzozi. Iyi Oda ntiyigeze idashobora kuba yarafashwe na Minisitiri mu 1661.
Jean yakomeje kuba umwizerwa ku ncuti n'umujyanama, mu kwiregura kwe, yaremye Jeliuis Xiv, "muri", yateje uburakari bw'umwami n'umukuru wa guverinoma ya Jean- Batista Kolberara.
Umutungo mushya wa Lafonten wabonetse mumaso ya Marie Annie Mancini, Umucunga wa Duchess, umuhererezi muri wiece cardinal mazarisinal mazarini, hanyuma duchess ya orleans. Muburyo bwa nyuma bwasohoye icyegeranyo cya mbere cyo gukusanya umusizi "imigani na Novella mumirongo" muri 1664. Jaconoto harimo muri, umugambi wa bikaba yatiye mu muvugo "Furass Orlando" ya umwanditsi Italian Louis Ariosto, na "umenetse, Carnoers Abakinnyi".
Imirimo yabanjirije umusizi yari idahwitse, kandi iki cyegeranyo cyateje amakimbirane akomeye mu ruziga rw'ubuvanganzo no gutongana hagati ya Lafoontiton na Duke wa Buy orlando "mbere.
Mu 1665 na 1666, ibindi bitabo bibiri "imigani n'ibitabo mumirongo" byasohotse. Iki gihe umwanditsi yahindutse ibibanza bya Flot ya Bokcachcho na "Umugani ijana mushya", urimo imirimo ya folklore yubufaransa. Lafontaine yatutswe n'ibitutsi no kubura imyitwarire.
Mu 1668, umusizi yasohoye igitabo cya mbere cya Bassen, ikubiyemo imirimo yubwoko bushya, uwashinze afatwa nkubusizi bwa kera bwumugereki ezop. Urebye neza, ibyo byari imigani, ariko uko burya, imiterere yigisha kandi bisobanutse neza bisobanura ibivugwamo mbere ya Laforen.
Mu cyegeranyo cyitwa "Basni Ezopa," Voron na FIX "(" igikona nacyo ")," cicada na murai ")," inzabibu "yinjiye muri VOX. Aya mazina amenyereye umusomyi wu Burusiya kuva mubana mumirimo ya Ivan Krylov.
Nyuma yibyo, ibindi bitabo 5 bya basen kumurongo byacapwe. Iyi mirimo yeguriwe ibifaransa Gukundana kwagize intsinzi, yazanye ibyamamare kumuremyi. Nubwo bitandukanye kandi kubuntu, Basi lafontien yatwikiriye ibintu byinshi byuburambe bwabantu. Mugihe cyintambara yo kwezwa k'ururimi, umwanditsi yakoresheje amagambo ya kera, amakuru, imiterere ishaje.
Basizy yasaga naho abo mu gihe n'imirimo ya eshere ya kabiri, ibitabo by'abana. Imirongo yuburiganya yibukwa byoroshye, ariko mugihe kimwe yerekanaga ko gusobanukirwa byimbitse bya kamere muntu. Imirongo yazo yabaye ibice by'igifaransa.
Mu 1669, Lafoonten yasohotse "urukundo rwa psyche na cupid", igitabo kirekire mu mirongo na Prose, byahumetswe n'imirimo ya filozofiya ya kera y'Abaroma age "indogobe ya zahabu". Uyu murimo, utandukanijwe nuburyo bworoshye bwubusiretique nubutaka bwiza bwa plasaique, bwerekanaga imyifatire yumwanditsi gukunda, ubwiza nubuhanzi, yasize atitaye kumugaragaro. Abo mu gihe babonye inyandiko ifite amahame avuguruzanya ya aesthetics ya kera.
Icyegeranyo cya 3 cy "Umugani" cyagaragaye mu 1671, nyuma y'urushya rw'ibitabo. Muri uwo mwaka, Lafontaine yagombaga kureka iyi nyandiko y'abamenyereye, nyuma y'urupfu rwa Duchess ya Orleans, yagumye adafite akazi. Icyakora, mu 1673, umwanditsi yasanze umutungo mushya, Margarita De La Saberier, muri salon yakusanyirije abahanga mu bya siyansi b'indashyikirwa, abasivimo, abasilozofiya, abafilozofe, abahanzi n'abandi bantu ba siyansi n'ubuhanzi.
Mu 1673-1682, Lafoontane yasohoye imirimo myinshi: Ibisigo byo gukusanya amadini byasohotse muri Port Royal, Epitaph Molver, imigani mishya, ibitangaza byinshi byahagaritswe na polisi n'ibindi bikorwa. Mu 1674, umwanditsi yirizwa mu bwoko bwa OPRA, ariko ntiyarangiza iki kigeragezo cy'ubuvanganzo.
Mu 1682, yanditse "igisigo kivuga ku giti cya chiny" mu bwoko bwa siyansiya bwa siyansi bwo kwamamaza ibiyobyabwenge. Mu 1684, Lafontaine yatorewe n'umunyamuryango w'ishuri ry'ishuri ry'Abafaransa, ikigo cy'ubutabi. Mbere y'ibyo, umwanditsi ntiyafashe inshuro nyinshi kubera Louis XIV, nibutse uruhare rwa Jean ku bijyanye na Fuchsi.
Umusizi yashyize ahagaragara urukurikirane rwa Bass, yasohotse hagati ya 1689 na 1692, bakusanyirizwa mu gitabo cyeguriwe umutware wa Burgundy, imfura ya doughne nini. Mu 1680, abigiranye uruhare rw'umukinnyi wa Charles Shevia de Shanmele, Lafontaine yanditse "Ragotn", "Florentian" na "igikombe cy'ubumaji".
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Madamu de La Salbirel mu 1693, igitekerezo cya Lafonten cyahindutse mu itorero. Yanze imigani anasezeranya ko azatangira iminsi isigaye yo kurema imirimo ikungahaye. Icyegeranyo cya nyuma cya Basen cyagaragaye muri 1694.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1647, se wa Lafontna yakoze ubukwe bwa Jean hamwe na Marie Erikar, umukobwa wa Louis Erikara, Liyetona Bailivika, na Agnes batuyemo Hertebis. Amasezerano yo gushyingirwa yasinywe mu nkengero ya Chateau - yiruka ku ya 10 Ugushyingo, 1647 kuri Noteri wa Thierry Francois. Umusizi yari afite imyaka 26, umugore we - 14 nigice. Nkumugeni utagira umugeni wazanye uwo mwashakanye livin. Mu 1652, Marie yabyaye Umwana wa Charles, nta bana bakiriho Lafonta.
Uwo musore wo mu musizi yari mwiza kandi uzi ubwenge, ariko abakiri bato ntibabana. Abanzi b'i Lafontaire birukanye amazimwe ku buzima bwite bwa Marie, bahamwe n'icyaha gusa ko yari umugore wo mu rugo wirengagije n'umusomyi ushishikaye.
Jean yarihoraga kure y'urugo, afite isura nziza, ishobora gucirwa urubanza n'umusizi, ntabwo yabutse umugore we ubudahemuka. Buhoro buhoro, Lafontena yatangiye gukurikirana ingorane z'amafaranga.
Mu 1658, abashakanye bagabanije umutungo kandi ntibagituruka kubana nta rubi. Marie yagumye muri Chateau - yiruka, aho Charles kandi yize yamwize. Umusizi yagiye mu murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa.
Ibyerekeye igihe cya Paris no guhanga Lafontaine bavuga ko filime "ikibazo" umuyobozi wa Daniel Biragaragara, waje muri ecran muri 2007.
Laforen yari inshuti hamwe na Prince Conde, Larancy Fuchet, Madame De Lafayette. Hariho verisiyo yashyigikiye umubano na Moliere na jocn, ariko ntabwo byemejwe nukuri.
Urupfu
Hamwe n'indwara yatangiraga 1692, umusizi yahindutse ibitabo bya Bibiliya, yanze imirimo idahari cyane, ihujwe n'inzira zihamye. Jean Lafonton yapfuye ku ya 13 Mata 1695 i Paris. Impamvu y'abashakashatsi bo mu rupfu babona igituntu. Yashyinguwe mu irimbi ry'abatagatifu niyaba Paris, ntabwo yarokotse kugeza na nubu.
Mu gihe cyo gusenya gushyingura mu mpinduramyi y'Abafaransa, ibisigazwa by'abasizi bimuriwe mu nzu ndangamurage y'inzibutso z'Abafaransa, hanyuma mu irimbi rya per Lashezi. Ukuri gushimishije ni uko Lafonten ubwe yandika Epitaph we, uzwi ku izina rya "Epitafiya Sludge":
Ivan arapfa, avutse, -Nta kintu na kimwe; Yarishimye mu buzima bwe
Kandi igihe nuburyo bwo gusangira:
Umunsi wose - nanyweye, ndaryamye nijoro.
Amagambo
Ntakintu kibi kuruta inshuti itazi ubwenge - nahitamo umwanzi. Ntabwo ndagurisha (ntabwo ari Delhi) Uruhu ntiruzabazwa ninzira twahisemo kumwirinda . Kimwe n'ibicuruzwa byinshi, biganisha ku byiza. Koresha gusa kuri bo no kwidagadura no gukora.Imirimo na Basni
- "Urukundo Psyche na Cyide"
- "Igisigo kijyanye n'igiti c'igituba"
- "Igikombe cy'ubumaji"
- "Impyisi n'intama"
- "Imbeba ebyiri, Amagi na Fox"
- "Swan and guteka"
- "Ingunzu na Heron"
- "Inguge n'ingwe"
- "Igikona na Fox"
- "Koreya na nijoro"
- "Gout na spider"
- "Imbwa ifite ifunguro rya shobuja"
- "Amahirwe n'umuhungu"
- "Urukwavu, Caress n'injangwe"