Ubuzima
Martin Borman, nta burezi nta burezi afite, yabaye umufatanyabikorwa hafi ya Adolf Hitler. Mu nyandiko ze zemewe - Reighslayiter, umuyobozi w'abakozi, umunyamabanga bwite wa fuhrer n'abandi. Kandi mubidukikije budasanzwe, azwi nka "igicucu cya Hitler", "umurima wumukara wa gatatu reich", "Nazi No.".
Nkumuntu, umugome kandi utagira ikinyabupfura, yatanze amabwiriza ateye ubwoba asaba ko yicwa ryiciwe. Umwuga we wihuse nijoro ryacitse muri Gicurasi 1945. Hanyuma, hafi imyaka 2 yumunsi wanyuma wubuzima bwa mugenzi wa Fuhrara yatwikiriye igihu cya kitazwi.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Martin Borman yavutse ku ya 17 Kamena 1900 mu mujyi wa vergelev, Intara ya Hannover, Ingoma y'Ubudage. Umuryango wiyita Abanyalutentinya. Padiri Theodore Borman yabaye umuderevu wa orchestre ya gisirikare, no gusengera mu gisirikare, akora n'umukozi woroshye w'iposita. Mu 1903, yarapfuye, Mama yashakanye n'umuyobozi wa banki nto.
Ibyerekeye ubwana bw'ejo hazaza "Nazi Umubare 2" Nta kintu na kimwe kizwi. Hariho ibintu ko adafite umwanya kandi atera ishuri, arangije amasomo menshi. Mu busore bwe, Borman yize kumuhinzi. Muri Kamena 1918, ahamagawe kujya mu gisirikare.
Nyuma yo gukorera mu birindiro i Nabumug, muri Gashyantare umwaka utaha. Yakoraga ku ruganda rw'ibirenge, hanyuma abayobozi b'umurima. Muri icyo gihe, Martin yinjiye mu muryango wa nyir'ubutaka urwanya Semiti.
Mu 1922, ejo hazaza Reighslayer yinjiye mu gitabo cya Frajcard cyo kurinda imirima, aho yakoraga nk'umuyobozi utandukana n'umubitsi. Hariho igifungo cyakabutse muri biografiya ya Borman kugirango afashe mu kwica umwarimu wishuri. Umwanzuro wari umwaka 1, nyuma uwakoze icyaha yahindutse. Ako kanya, yimukira i Mama yerekeza muri Thunwea.
Umwuga
Mu ntangiriro y'umwuga wa politiki (mu 1927), Borman yinjiye mu Ishyaka ry'abasosiyaliste b'Abasosiyaliste (NSDAP). Mu gihe ugereranije, hateguwe mu kinyamakuru poropagande kubera umwanya wavugizi mu Karere k'ishyaka wa Twensea. Ntiyigeze akomeza itangazamakuru, ariko nyuma yo ku buryo bworoshye umurimo w'umukuru w'ishami ry'ubukungu wagenze byoroshye.
Kuva mu Gushyingo 1928, Martin mu rwego rw '"abahatana-brown" batunganijwe umuhanda ku muhanda hamwe n'abatavuga rumwe na Nazis. Nyuma yimyaka hafi 2, Borman yavuye mu ndege y'ibitero kugira ngo ayobore ishyaka ry'ishyaka rya Nazi ryakozwe na "igitabo cyamafaranga". Ikigo cyujuje imikorere yubufasha bwamafaranga mumiryango yabantu bapfuye cyangwa bakomeretse mu rugamba rwa Nazism.
Amafaranga yaje nkintererano isanzwe kubanyamuryango b'ishyaka. Muri iki gihe, abakora benshi babaye imyenda y'ibizaza "Nazi Umubare wa 2". Nyuma y'amatora y'abadepite, amafaranga yinjiza amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 3 ya Reichsmarock buri mwaka. Muri icyo gihe, Borman ashinzwe amashusho kandi agategura icyitegererezo cy'urubanza rw'imikorere y'igihugu.
Mu 1933, nyuma yo kugera ku butegetsi, ameza y'amafaranga yakiriye indi mirimo, ihinduka ubuyobozi bw'ubuzima n'umutungo. Icyo gihe Bormana yashinzwe ku mwanya w'icyicaro gikuru cy'umwungirije Rudolf Hess n'umunyamabanga we bwite. Nyuma gato, yahawe umutwe wamashyaka maremare - Reich Umwijima.
Kugenda ku nzoka y'umwuga, mu 1934, Borman yari ahantu hegereye Hitler. Abahanga mu by'amateka ba Martin bafitanye isano n'amabwiriza ya fuhrer kugira ngo bagenzure imirimo y'ubwubatsi munzu batuye muri Obersaltzberg. Muri icyo gihe, ku bushake bwe, yubatse icyayi mu misozi hafi, yahaye Reighskanler ku isabukuru yimyaka 50.
Guhora uyoborwa na Hitler mugihe akomeje gutura, buhoro buhoro atangira gusohoza imirimo yumunyamabanga bwite. Yandikiye ijambo, agenzurwa imari ye, akora amabwiriza mato. Ku ya 30 Mutarama 1937, Martin Bormarman yakiriye izina rya abadepite. Kuba umuntu wanyuma muri Reich ya gatatu, mu 1938 yateguye X congere ya Nsdap ya Nsdap muri Nuremberg.
Nyuma yo gufatwa muri Rudolf Hesse mu Bwongereza mu 1941, inyandiko ye yavanyweho kandi ku biro by'ishyaka bigaragara ko byatanzwe na Hitler. Umutwe we washyizeho Borman. Byongeye kandi, yahawe ububasha bwa minisitiri wa Reighs kandi butangirira muri guverinoma.
Nyuma yibyo, umuyobozi w'abadage ategeka kugenzura itegeko ryayo, bityo rero kugira abayobozi n'imbaraga zitagira imipaka. Ku ifoto yo muri kiriya gihe, biragaragara ko "Nazi No. 2" uhora uhagaze iruhande rwa Führer.
Mu 1943, "Komite ya gatatu". Umuyobozi wa Hans Lampers yashyizwe muri We, umuyobozi w'igitabo gikuru cya Wehrmachtshal Wilhelm Keitel maze yerekeza na Martin Born. Mu bubasha bwabo - kugenzura byimazeyo ubukungu bwa gisirikare.
Hitler yarwanyije idini, umutware wubugingo bwose yamushyigikiye muribi. Mu 1943, muri iyo baruwa, umugore we yumvikanye:
"Gerda, gufata, kugira ngo abana batashyira mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose banduye uburozi bw'ubukristo."Intambara irangiye yashoboye kugera ku muyobozi w'abadage batoteza itorero. Kubera iyo mpamvu, amashuri ya monastique yari yarafunzwe, abana ubwabo barimbutse, kandi abapadiri benshi b'Abagatolika n'abahayisi barababazwa mu nkambi z'urupfu.
Uruhare runini rwakinwe na Broman mu kurimbuka kw'abantu b'ubwenegihugu bw'Abayahudi. Iteka ry'ibanga ryo ku ya 9 Ukwakira 1942, yaboneye icyifuzo gihoraho cya Hitler kurimbura Abayahudi. Kureba ibintu byose, ubwiyengezi ku futiruka mu mahano ya jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi. Habujijwe kuvuga ibitemewe. Ingaruka za jenoside zari kurimbuka kw'Abayahudi 5 kugeza kuri miliyoni 6.
Muri Mutarama 1945, Borman, hamwe na Hitler, yimukiye i Bunker. Kugeza aba nyuma igihe nari kuri Führere, Nazi No. 2 yabaye umutima we n'uwakiriye politiki.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwa Borman buzwi ko ku ya 2 Nzeri 1929, Marde w'imyaka 29 y'amavuko Buch - Umukobwa wa Perezida w'Urukiko rukuru rwa Nsdap Walter Buha. Abatangabuhamya bari mu bukwe bari Adolf Hitler na Rudolph Hes.
Abashakanye b'ejo hazaza bamenyereye munzu ya se wumukobwa. Gerd yakunze umugabo ako kanya akimara kubona. Kandi we, ayobowe munsi yo gukura, ntiyabonye ibyiyumvo byumukobwa, ariko, nyuma yigihe gito, aracyamubaza amaboko. Se urwaye ubupfu, ariko yemera kurongora.
Gerda yabaye umugore w'intangarugero: yakoze impeti y'umugabo we kandi yarebye umugambanyi mu ntoki. Byongeye kandi, igihe umurinzi yazanaga kuri umukinnyi wa mbere wa mbere wa mbere wa mbere, yandikiye umugore we ibaruwa avuga byose, kandi atanga inama - icyo gukora.
Umugore wa Reich Slaiver yari azi neza: kuzuza igihombo cyabantu cyatewe mu ntambara, Ubudage bukeneye igikoresho gishya cya sosiyete. Gerda yazamuye igitekerezo cyo guhagarika Monogamy. Kuva mu kanwa kayo mu 1944, hahamagawe umuhamagaro wo kwinjira mu bashakanye benshi icyarimwe. Umushinga w'itegeko ryo mu 1943 utegeka umugore we kubyara abana 4, nyuma uwo mugabo yajyaga ku wundi mugore.
Mu 1945, umugore wa Borman yagiye mu Butaliyani, aho yapfiriye avuye muri kanseri.
Mu bashakanye, Martin na Gerda bavutse abana 10, 1 muri bo batarokotse. Umuyobozi mukuru Adolf Martin Borman (ku ya 14 Mata 1930 - ku ya 11 Werurwe 2013) yitiriwe se kavukire na sekuruza Adolf (muri iri zina yanze nyuma). Igitangaje, ukomoka kuri Nazi No 2 yabaye umuhanga mu bya tewolojiya w'Ubudage.
Mu ntangiriro za 2018, Amif Urubuga rwatangajwe na Eorgy Zotov. Muri bo, umunyamakuru avuga ku kiganiro n'abanza kuvuga kwa mbere, aho yasabye imbabazi amarorerwa y'Abanazi, harimo na se kavukire, mu ntambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu.
Urupfu
Mu myaka irenga 20, hari uburyo bwinshi bwukuntu ubuzima bwa "gray cardinali" bwa reich bwa gatatu bwarangiye.
Nyuma yo kwiyahura kwa Hitler, bitinze ku ya 1 Gicurasi, Borman, hamwe na muganga wa SS, Reichsügendfür Arthir AksfandFür Arthir Aksman n'umuderevu we Hitler Gansa Banomed Bunker, batangira gucamo ibidukikije by'Abasoviyeti. Igihe kimwe, itsinda ryacitsemo ibice. Amaze kugera ku ruzi, agerageza kumusanga. Hatariho bwa mbere, nyuma yo gusama, itsinda ryahuye n'abasirikare b'Abasoviyeti. SEIEN yarashe.
Nyuma y'inkombe zabonye imirambo yo guhunga abitabiriye, usibye Borman. Mugihe cyo kubura, hypotheses zitandukanye zagaragaye, kugeza igihe Reichlild ari muzima. Muri dossier yateraniye kuri we, hari ubuhamya bwambere bwo kwishoramo ko ari amatako ya sovieti. Duhereye kuri ibi hari verisiyo nyuma yintambara "igicucu Hitler" yihisha muri USSR.
Mu myaka ya mbere, nyuma yo gutsinda, ko naje nimero ya 2 yagaragaye muri Arijantine, hanyuma muri Espanye, hanyuma mu bindi bihugu. Mu Gushyingo 1945, habaye urukiko rwa Nuremberg. Kubera ibimenyetso bidahagije byerekana urupfu rwa Borman, uregwa yakatiwe adahari igihano cy'urupfu kugira ngo intambara n'icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu.
Yizewe uregwa Friedrich Bergold. Yagerageje kumvisha urukiko ko umukiriya yapfuye, ndetse no gutesha imbaraga mu Budage bwa Fashiste. Nubwo yagerageje kuba umunyamategeko gutsindishiriza umukiriya, vino yagaragaye rwose. Gushakisha Bormanov CIA na guverinoma y'Ubudage, Abadage bashyize imbaraga nyinshi, abahoze mu badage ndetse no gushyiraho ibihembo by'amakuru mu rwego rw'ibicuruzwa ibihumbi 100 by'Abadage. Ariko ntibabonye amakuru yizewe.
Mu 1965, amakuru yakiriwe n'abakozi b'amaposita b'Abadage ku bijyanye no ku ya 8 Gicurasi 1945, abasirikari b'Abasoviyeti bategetse imirambo ibiri gushyingura. Umwe yari yambaye muburyo bwa Wehrmacht. Ku rundi ruhande, babonye igitabo cyo kubara ku izina rya kashe ya Ludwig, abapolisi bahise barimbura. Gusaba - Albert Krumbov - yerekanye ahantu nyaburanga "Nazi nimero 2" yashyinguwe mu mva rusange. Ariko, ubucukuzi ntacyo yatanze.
Mu 1971, guverinoma y'Ubudage yahagaritse gushakisha, nyuma y'umwaka mu gihe cyo kubaka, intera imwe n'ahantu cyagenwe na Krimnov, basanga ibisigazwa by'abantu, byagaragaye ko ari ibya Borman na Stampfegger.
Byamenyekanye cyane mu 1998, guverinoma y'Ubudage yategetse ko DNA igerageza. Birashimishije kuba mu rwasaya byasanze ibisigazwa byabonetse ibisigazwa by'ikirahure, byatumye bishoboka gutekereza ku rupfu ruva mu gutema capsule hamwe na cybide.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya Reichyer Nyuma ntabwo kizi igihe kimwe kandi kikaba cyerekana amashusho na Sinemandographers. Filime izwi cyane ya documentaire 2003 "Martin Borman ni ukuboko kw'iburyo kwa Hitler" n'impagarara zikomeye "n'ibihe cumi na birindwi by'impeshyi", aho Nazi №2 yakinnye ayund yuri.
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