Ubuzima
Inyandiko zamakuru zitangazwa, kwibuka abantu n'abari mu gihe cy'amateka kugeza uyu munsi zituma ubuzima bumwe bw'ikigo cya Reich, Umunyamabanga wa mbere Adolf Hitler, Setit na Nazis. Ushinjwa inzira ya Nuremberg, hamwe na we-wanditse kwibuka ku nkombe "urugamba rwanjye" ("Mein Kampf") ubuzima burebure) ubuzima burebure, bwakoze umuntu wihaye Imana icyaha cy'ubumuntu n'amahoro.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Rudolf Walter Richard Hes yavutse ku ya 26 Mata 1894 mu nkengero za Alegizandiriya, Misiri. Umuhungu aba imfura mu muryango w'umucuruzi wa Johann Fritz Hess hamwe na Tera Münh umukobwa, ubwo abandi bana babiri bavutse: 1897) na Margarita (1908).
Kuva mu myaka ya mbere, ubuzima bwa Rudolph bwatwitswe mu bibujijwe: Yakuriye mu muryango w'Abadage, se wihendutse abuza umuhungu avugana na Abongereza n'Abanyamisiri, kandi indero yo mu rugo, kandi indero yo mu rugo, yazimije mu rugo. Ubwa mbere, hess yiganye mu ishuri ry'abaporotesitanti, ariko ngaho irinde umubano n'abana b'undi muntu warananiranye, bityo Fritz ahindura umuhungu kwiga mu rugo.
Igihe Rudolf yari afite imyaka 14, umuryango wimukiye mu Budage, umuhungu yari mu ishuri ryita ku mazu ya Moscou i Bar-Godesberg, aho, kubera umusatsi wijimye n'umusatsi wijimye, urungano rwerekanaga "Umunyamisiri". Ariko, kugirana ibitekerezo, umunyeshuri wishuri yatangiye gukora iterambere, amaze gusohoka mu mubare w'abanyeshuri beza.
Fritz, washyizeho inzu ikomeye yo mu rugo rutunganizamo Heß & Co., yashakaga kugeza ikibazo ku Mwana. Umuhungu yoherejwe mu ishuri ryo hejuru ry'ubucuruzi mu Busuwisi. Rudolph ntabwo yagoreka icyifuzo cya Data cyo kumugira umucuruzi, ariko, igihe intambara ya mbere y'isi yose yazaga, umusore nta gushidikanya ko yibagiwe ku mwuga ajya imbere.
Icyuma gishyushye cyagaragaye mu busore bwe: Hess ntiyari afite uburenganzira bwo kwihutira ku rugamba. Yeretse ko ari Artileyani n'Umufana, mu Kuboza 1918 yaciwe intege n'umuderevu w'ingabo zirwanira mu kirere, atsindiye igihembo cya gisirikare - umusaraba w'icyuma mu ishuri rya 2.
Intambara yatangaye imibereho myiza yumuryango wa Hess. Ubucuruzi, niko byabitswe neza na Fritz, byafashwe, kandi ntiyashoboye gutunga abana cyane. Abasirikare b'intambara basabye ko batanga uburezi kubuntu, kandi Rudolph w'imyaka 25 yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Munich ku bukungu, aho yahuriye n'akaza kazeza na Herman akinga.
Igikorwa cya politiki
Mu 1919, Hess yari mu nama ya sosiyete Tula, aho ubukuru bw'usiganwa rya Aryan bwaganiriweho. Ibitekerezo byo mu gihugu no kurwanya Abayahudi, byumvikanye mu rukuta rwa sosiyete, wagennye vector y'ejo hazaza h'umukuru w'Ubudage bwa Hitler. Kandi hamwe n'umuyobozi w'iyi ntama, Rudolf yateraniye ku ya 19 Gicurasi 1920 mu nama y'ishyaka ryibanze ry'abasosiyaliste (NSDAP).
Dukurikije kwibuka ku mugore wa Hess, inyangamugayo, nyuma y'inama iteye ubwoba, umusore ati:
"Nihagira undi muntu uzadusunikira muri Versailles, noneho bizaba uyu mugabo."Hitler na Gess bahise basanga ururimi rusanzwe: Bombi basuzuguye umuryango wo gutsindwa mu ntambara ya mbere y'isi yose, bombi bangaga gahunda ya Repubulika ya Weimar yabayeho. Abagabo bahise bateranira hamwe, kandi Rudolph kandi ntiyirukanye na gato kuva ejo hazaza h'Umuremyi wa Reich ya gatatu. Nyuma, mu Gushyingo 1923, bayoborwa n'amarangamutima yo hejuru kurwanya Adolf, Gendess yagerageje gufata imbaraga. Iki gikorwa cyiswe "Byeri Gukuramo". Kubera iyo mpamvu, bombi bari muri gereza ya Lestberg. Hariho igitabo "Urugamba rwanjye" ("Mein Kampf").
Ibisabwa byo gufungwa muri gereza ntibyashoboraga kwitwa Harsh: Abagenzi bemerewe kwakira abashyitsi, bakina amakarita, kunywa itabi, guhinga imboga. Ariko abayobozi b'ejo hazaza ba Nazi w'Ubudage bamaranye igihe kinini cyo kuganira mu busitani. Hano, urukundo rwa Hess kuri Adolf rwashimangiye. Yatumije ibiganiro n'ikigirwamana, nyuma izo nyandiko zanditse "urugamba rwanjye." Kandi nubwo izina rya Rudolf ridasobanuwe mubanditsi bafatanije, yahinduye inyandiko, yubatswe ibitekerezo byurujijo, uburyo buhebuje.
Muri Mutarama 1925, Abadage bari bafite umudendezo, kandi atsindiye nyuma yo gusaba Hitler inshuro nyinshi bimunjira n'umunyamabanga. Rudolph yaje kuba nta cyifuzo: yaherekeje fuhrera mu ngendo, yahumurizaga mbere, yari gahunda yo guhura, yita ku mirire n'uburyo bwo gusinzira. Kugirango ugere ku nama kuri Hitler ntibyashobokaga utabyemera hamwe numufasha wizerwa. Hafi ya Hess mu 1933, Führer yaje kubutegetsi.
Gutunga igice cyumunyamuryango wa NSDAP, Hess yari atigeze yigarurira imyanya yingenzi mu nzego za politiki. Ishyirwaho ry'ubucuruzi bushingiye ku bucuruzi, ibigize udutabo tw'ubucuruzi no gushyiraho imico ya Hitler - iyi mikorere Rudol yarakoze ku bushake. Icyakora, nyuma yo gushyiraho ubutegetsi bw'igihugu cy'abasosiyalisiti mu Budage, umugabo yahujije n'intege nke z'ababuranyi - Adolf yamugize umuyobozi we wa mbere. Mu 1939, Herman yashinze aha hantu.
Mbere ya byose, gess, kuba umuntu uhanwa, afata amashuri ababuranyi, yanenzwe imodoka zihenze hamwe na nimero za leta zihenze z'abanyamuryango ba NSDAP, itabi n'inzoga n'inzoga n'inzoga.
Byongeye kandi, hamwe no gutanga Rudolf, babujijwe kugira "imibonano mpuzabitsina" hamwe n'Abayahudi, barabikomeretsa. Ingaruka zaya mabwiriza yo kurwanya Abasarani zari Amategeko ya Nuremberg yanditswe mu 1935 - "Amategeko ku muturage wo muri Reich" na "Itegeko ryerekeye kurengera amaraso y'Ubudage n'ikigo cy'Ubudage". Munsi yinyandiko yanyuma numukono wa hess.
Ibitekerezo bya Hitler kubyerekeye kwigarurira uturere twatinyaga rwose, kandi Abanazi batangira kwitegura intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose. Führer yabonye umunara wizewe mu Bwongereza, bityo asaba kugirana amasezerano: Ubudage bugomba gufata umwanya w'imbaraga z'ibihugu by'Uburayi, kandi Ubwongereza ari ugusubiza ubukoloni bw'Abadage. Icyemezo nticyafashwe, hanyuma atera amasengesho "ubutumwa bw'isi". Ariko kubwibyo byari ngombwa kwambuka kubuza ibyuma kutava mu gihugu kugeza igihe imirwano irangiye.
Ku ya 10 Gicurasi 1941, Hess yagurutse rwihishwa muri Scotland. Binyuze mu bafasha, yahaye Hitler arwandiko, atangirira ku magambo:
"Führer yanjye, uramutse ubonye iyi baruwa, ndi mu Bwongereza."Indege ntiyari yaratsinzwe, yarasabwaga, aho Umudage yatakaje ubwenge, akangutse akikijwe n'ingabo.
Igihe Hitler yabonye inyandiko zigereranijwe, yaguye mu burakari - igikorwa cya Hess gishobora gushyikiriza munsi y'itumanaho. Uwahoze ari umunyamabanga wa Fuhrer yatangajwe ko ari umusazi, bivugwa ko wahunze mu gihugu maze agwa mu ndege. Izina rya Rudolf, ifoto ye, amashusho, Busts "ryahanaguwe" hamwe n '"abantu" bo mu Budage, naho Umudage ubwe yitwa umugambanyi.
Inshingano ya Hes Hess yari iyo kumvisha Winstton Churton kugira ngo asinye amasezerano n'Ubudage, ariko muri Nyakanga 1941, UNSR n'Ubwongereza n'Ubwongereza n'Ubwongereza hamwe n'Ubunze Ubwongereza n'Inzego z'Ubwami byagiranye amasezerano mu ntambara yo kurwanya icya gatatu. Kwigomwa ntacyo byari bimaze.
Umwanzuro no kuburanisha
Gicurasi 19, 1941 Rudolf yarafashwe. Abayobozi b'Abongereza baramubajije imyaka 4, muri iki gihe, abafite imbohe bagerageje inshuro eshatu kwiyahura bagwa mu mitekerereze. Igihe yajyaganwa mu Budage kugira ngo azane urukiko mpuzamahanga rwa gisirikare mu rwego rwa gahunda ya Nuremberg, Hess yari muri Amnesia. Nyamara, yaburanishijwe ku gice gifite abagizi ba nabi 23. Ibisobanuro birambuye kubitekerezo bigaragarira mubyifuzo byinshi.
Ku ya 1 Ukwakira 1946, Urukiko rwamenye ko inkweto ahamwa n'ibyaha byo kurwanya amahoro n'ubumuntu, kubera gahunda y'ibiro by'Abanazi, harimo n'ubugizi bwa nabi ku isi yose. Yakatiwe igifungo cya burundu, nubwo ibirego byasabaga igihano cy'urupfu.
Umwaka umwe, muri Nyakanga 1947, abakatiwe barindwi, barimo hene, bazanwa muri gereza kuri Shpandau. Mu 1966, Umudage w'imyaka 72 yakomeje kuba muzima muri izi mfungwa zirindwi. Ku myaka, Rudolph ntiyatakaje ubuhanga bwo kuganira. Yashoboye gushaka umukozi, kugira ngo yanditse Umunyacyubahiro. Igihe bamenyaga kuri ibyo, umwanditsi we ararara, yimurirwa mu Rugereko nta musango.
Kuva mu 1960, isi yatangiye gusaba hakiri kare umugizi wa nabi w'umugizi wa nabi wirengagijwe. Umuryango wa Rudolph, abamwunganira basabye ko igitambo cy'Ubudage cya Vesi, gikubiye mu bihe bya vesti, bikubiye mu bihe bya kera bya gereza, kandi umwica kubera igihano cy'urupfu inzira y'urupfu. Igitekerezo cyo kurekura ntabwo ari urukiko gusa, ahubwo ni kwiyoroshya:
"Icyubahiro cyanjye kuri njye kiri hejuru y'ubwisanzure bwanjye."Kugeza ku minsi ishize, ntabwo yigeze yemera icyaha.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ukuboza 1927, nyuma yumubano wimyaka 7, Rudolph Hess yafashe Illves Prel. Umudage wahuye n'amahoro, ibisigo bihimbye kuri we. Ariko, mu yandi manza ninshuti Illza yaranditse ati:
"Ku bijyanye n'inshingano z'abashakanye, rimwe na rimwe numva umunyeshuri w'ishuri ry'abana."
Umuhungu w'ikinege, Wolf Ryudiger Hess, yavutse imyaka 10, ku ya 18 Ugushyingo 1937. Sekwise yabaye umuyobozi wa Reich ya gatatu.
Ilsa niwe mugore wenyine wa Hess, ahubwo ni abo mu gihe ukekwaho umugabo icyerekezo gidasanzwe. Inshuti za Hitler zarwaniye umubano wimbitse w'Abadage bombi, baha izina rya rudolph "freulein gess" kubera urukundo. Ariko igihe yashakanye, urwenya mubuzima bwe bwite rwarahagaze.
Urupfu
Ku ya 17 Kanama 1987, umwanzuro w'imyaka 93 yashoje, kwinezeza muri kasho. Ukuri kugaragara kwemeza amakuru ya autopsie.
Mbere ya 2011, umurambo wa Hess wari umaze kuruhukira mu irimbi rya Lutheran mu mujyi wa Agadideli w'Ubudage. Noneho ubukode bw'umugambi w'ubutaka bwararangiye, kandi yatwitswe ku ya 20 Nyakanga, kandi Ashee ya Rudolph yarimo kwiruka hejuru y'inyanja.