Ubuzima
Ivan Moskvitin - atan yibikamba byihishe, nyir'ubutaka, uwambere ku nkombe y'inyanja ya Okhotsk. Uyu ni umuntu ufite imiterere nkikintu ntacyo kizwi.
Ni ubuhe buzima bw'umushakashatsi w'Uburusiya bwari bwo - butazwi. Ivan Moskvitin ivuka mu bimenyetso bya documess gusa mu 1626, usanzwe umuntu ukuze. Abahanga mu by'amateka bavuga ko Moskvitin yavutse ahagana mu 1600.
Ababyeyi be n'aho Ivan bakuze - urashobora gukeka gusa. Kimwe muri ibyo ni uko umugabo asiga i Moscou cyangwa hafi yumujyi ucunga. Iyi verisiyo ishingiye ku kuba muri iyo minsi abantu bakunze kwakira amazina ukurikije aho batuye.
Ingendo no gufungura
Imyaka yakuze ya Moskvitina yaguye ku gihe cy'ubushakashatsi n'abaturage b'Abarusiya bo mu turere twa Siberiya no mu burasirazuba bwa kure. Kimwe mu buryo bwo gutembera ku mpande mbi muri iki gihe byari ibihuha bijyanye n'ubushyuhe bw'imigani y'inyanja.
Kuba cosk ya Tomsk, birashoboka, mu ntera ya Perezida, Ivan mu 1635, mu ntangiriro za atan, Dmitry Epifanovich Kopylova yavuganye na Yakutsk. Nyuma yimyaka 3, Butal Ostrode yashinzwe na Kopylov. Ahantu hayo heza haramenyekana: Dukurikije amasoko atandukanye, OSTRITROTWA ubwe yari iherereye ku ruzi rwa Aldani, cyangwa ku munwa w'isuku ye, Mai.
Mu 1939, umuhanga mu kaburimbo w'abantu 39 bateye imbere mu cyerekezo cy'inyanja ya Lamsk. Ivan Moskvin yashyizeho umuyobozi wa Copilov, ibikorwa byayo byaherekejwe no gushyigikira itsinda. Amakuru yerekeye urugendo rurahari cyane cyane kubera undi munyamuryango wa detachment - The Yakut Cossack ntabwo ari nziza kuri ivanovich kolobov. "Umugani" we ujyanye n'ubukangurambaga na Moskvitin nigihamya cyingenzi cyamateka yubushakashatsi bwinyanja ya Okhotsk.
Dukurikije ibikomango byakazi, ibijyanye n'amavuko byakomotse igihe kirekire, kandi Ivan yashyize mu gaciro uruzi runini rutera. Nyuma yibyumweru 6, abagenzi bagera kumugezi Nyudi bagahindura uburyo bwo kugenda. Niba mbere yuko ibikambi byagendaga kuri abatatu, byafashwe byemejwe ko bihagarara hano.
Kuri bo, amababi yazamutse ku nkomoko ya Nyudi, aho bakinguye umusozi jugjur, bajugunya imigambi, batera imigozi, barayivamo n'amaguru n'amaguru n'amaguru. Gutsinda vuba umusozi, ibikaro byubatse inkingi nshya hamwe n'iminsi 8 iri imbere yamanutse kuri yo. Kandi icyombo cyongeye kugira ngo kireke - kugira ngo wirinde igihombo kitabaye, abagenzi batsinze igice kibi cy'inzira n'amaguru.
Ubundi inzira aryamye kumazi: Ikipe ya Moskvitina yubatse Bidar - iyi tassel yashoboraga kwakira abantu benshi kuruta umurongo. Imbaraga z'ibisenge muri iki gihe cyarushijeho kugaburira ibirenge, ariko amabanki y'inzuge afite ibiryo byoroshye - amahirwe yo kuba amafi yagaragaye.
Muri Kanama, 1639, umunwa wa Cossack wageze kuri lamsk (ubungubu - Okhotsk) y'inyanja. Umuvuduko wo kugenda wari utangaje - Inzira yintara zitazwi yari amezi 2, hitaweho wenyine kandi igihe gisabwa kugirango nubake ubwato.
Imbeho yahisemo ku ruzi. Abaturage baho babwiye Moskvitin hafi y'undi ruzi uruzi rw'undi ruzi mu majyaruguru, aho baha abantu benshi, kuri aya mahame. Ivan Yuryvich yahisemo kutatinda kwiga kugeza igihe cy'itumba cyo kurangiza no mu Kwakira byoherereje itsinda ry'abantu 20 bashaka uruzi. Nyuma yiminsi 3 yurugendo, ibikando bizamuka babona uruzi rwakiriye izina ryabo guhiga. Guhiga inyamaswa, iri jambo ntabwo rifite umubano - gusa moskvina abantu bahinduye akoski "AKAt" - uruzi.
Abagabo bahigaga ku nyanja, abagabo bimukiye mu burasirazuba bashakisha km zirenga 500 z'inyanja y'Amajyaruguru y'inyanja ya Okhotsk. Ariko, byaragaragaye ko ntakintu nakimwe cyo gukora mu ruzi mu mazi yo mu nyanja - byari ngombwa gusubira mu itumba kandi byishora mu kubaka Nomad - amato imwe ya Lubicane ashobora kugenda haba mu bwato no kuri intumwa.
Mu gihe cy'itumba, umwe mu baturage yabwiye Ivan Yuryevich ku byerekeye umugezi wa Mamur (nyuma wabaye igikombe), umunwa n'ibirwa bituwe nabandi. Tumaze gutegereza impeshyi, ikipe ya Moskvitin, hamwe n'umuhimbyi, umuyobozi wasohotse mu nyanja, afata amasomo mu majyepfo. Inzira y'impagarara zanyuze ku nkombe y'iburengerazuba bw'inyanja ya Okhotsk, hanyuma ibikambi bigera ku munwa wa Uda n'umunwa w'Uruzi rwa Uda, hanyuma ugera ku kigobe cya Sakhalin.
Abatuye abatuye muri USSA Ussa baguye ubumenyi bwa Ivan Yuryevich kubyerekeye "Mamur River" n'abaturage be, ndetse n'abaturage batuye muri kano karere. Abatuye kuri Amur bari babikaga mu gikari, inka n'inyoni kandi ubukungu bwamenyereye abagenzi.
Iyo amantambi yageze ku nkombe y'iburengerazuba bw'ikigobe cya Sakhalin, ariko ntiyigeze asubiza inyuma, ariko ntiyigeze abuza ibirambara, kandi baragenda kure ku nkombe. Ikigaragara ni uko mu rugendo, abagabo babonye ibirwa bya Amur limanga no mu kirwa cya Sakhalin. Ariko kugirango agere ku munwa wa Amur ntashobora - ibiryo byatangiye kubura, abantu batangira kubabaza inzara.
Impeshyi yazanye ikirere cy'umuyaga, kandi mu Gushyingo, ikipe ya Moskvitin yahagurutse mu itumba ryo mu kanwa ya Alda. Tumaze gutegereza impeshyi, ibikambi byongeye kwambutse Jugjur, sohoka muri Gicurasi kandi basubira i Yakutsk kugeza hagati yizuba.
Muri icyo gihe, urugendo rwamaze imyaka igera kuri 2. Dukurikije amakuru yatanzwe na cossack Kolobov, haboneka amafi menshi mukarere no mukarere, kimwe na sable uruhu rwinshi ruhabwa agaciro gakomeye. Abayobozi ba Yakut, bitabira ibyavuye mu rugendo, babyaye Mostekote muri Pentekote, kandi abagize itsinda bahatiye amafaranga n'ibicana bya Sukna.
Mu 1645, Moskvitin na Ataman Kopylov babimenyesheje igikomangoma cya Osipu shrchebatov ku rwego rwo gutegura ubukangurambaga bw'ibikombe, ariko izi gahunda ntizatera imbere kubera ubukangurambaga bwa Vasily Pogarkov. Ivan Yurevich yabaye nyuma gato yoherejwe i Moscou, yongeye kuvuga ku nyanja igera ku nyanja y'inyanja n'ibisubizo byayo. Mu 1647, umugabo yasubiye muri Tomsk asanzwe mu rwego rw'Abamotari ba Ataman.
Mu byifuzo ku iterambere ry'akarere, Ivan Yuryevich yagiriye inama yo kohereza byibuze abantu ibihumbi 1 bitwaje intwaro mu bihugu bishya.
Amakuru yerekeye geografiya yatanzwe na Moskvitin, nyuma, mu myaka ya 1640, yafashije Ivanov gushushanya ikarita yuburasirazuba bwa kure. Rero, biragoye gusuzugura umusanzu wa Moskvin mu nyanja ya Okhotsk: tubikesheje ibirwa bya charkarta na Uda kandi byakusanyije amakuru yerekeye abaturage baho ya Amur.
Ubuzima bwawe nurupfu
Nyuma yo gushyiraho ishyirwaho rya Moskviria Abanaman ibimenyetso byumushakashatsi barazimiye. Abahanga mu by'amateka ntibizwi birambuye byubuzima bwe bwite - niba uwo mugabo yari afite umugore nabana, nkaho kandi aho amakaraba yarangije ubuzima. Birashoboka, Ivan Yuryevich Moskvitin yapfuye mu 1671, ariko nta bihe cyangwa impamvu y'urupfu.