Ubuzima
Yermak Timofeevich ni uzwi cyane w'Uburusiya na nyirinzu. Hariho imigani myinshi ijyanye n'inkomoko y'umurwanyi, kandi nta mateka n'umwe yakubise ubuzima bw'uwatsinze Siberiya. Bamwe bizeza ko Ermak yari inkoko ya don coicack, abandi bafata kuri urals. Ndashimira Uburusiya bw Ermak ni ubw'isi, bwasuzumwe na Kanama ya Siberiya.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Abashakashatsi bagenera verisiyo nyinshi zuzuye aho Ermak yavukiye kandi irakura. Muri iyo minsi, ntabwo byari bisanzwe byasize inyandiko zerekanwa n'abana, bityo rero ntakintu cyiza kivuga imyaka myinshi uwatsinze ntabwo azwi.
Nk'uko umugani, sekuru yari atuye muri Suzdal n'umugabo ufite. Timofey se uturutse mu bukene yiruka mu butaka bw'abacuruzi ba Strogenov. Umubyeyi w'indogobe ya ataman ntabwo yari kure y'umugezi wa Chusovaya, yashakanye akiza abahungu babiri. Dukurikije amakuru amwe, abana bitwaga indorere kagenda. Abahanga bavuga ko aba nyuma bakaba ermacom.
Yagendeye ku cyato kigororotse - kuvomera Kame na Volga munsi ya strotronov yo gutangira. Hanyuma nahisemo kwegera, nyuma nabaye Ataman maze mbona izina Ermak. Mu nkoranyamagambo ya Dalya, iri jambo ryahinduwe nk'urusyo rusya, kandi urukurikirane rw'abitangaza ruhinduka. Intwali ikomeye irashobora guhamagara ermac. Byari ku mukomu w'icyamamare n'izina, byahimbwe na comrade - Miskhansky.
Ukuri gushimishije: Ubwoko bw'izina umuntu yashakaga kuvuga "umuntu wo mu ngipira." "Christian Chronicle" yo mu 1907 yafunguye izina ryanyuma Ermak yambarwa na alenin. Rero, izina nyaryo rya nyir'ubutaka ryumvikana nka Timofeevich Alenin.
Mu bisobanuro bimwe na bimwe bya cosshacks byavuze ko hari abirukanye Ermak, byavuzwe: We, hamwe n'abanditsi, bakoreye mu kigo cya Volga, cyakorewe mu kigo cya Volga. Ahagana mu 1565, umugabo yari asanzwe afite umwanya wubushywe, izina kandi abaho mu karere ka Volga. Umuyobozi yari umwe mu bagize intambara ya Livoniya mu rwego rw'ikinyejana cya Cospack. Ermak yerekanye ubutwari kandi usibe igihe yibasiye igihome cya Mogilev, hanyuma arwanya Swede maze yirukana PSSKOV.
Serivisi ya gisirikare iratsinda
Mu myaka 20, Ermak yajyanye serivisi, arinda imipaka yo mu majyepfo y'Uburusiya. Mu 1581, Strodunov yamutumiriye muri Siberiya, nk'uko bakusanyije uburinzi bwizewe na Siberiya Khan Kuchmu, akarere k'ubutaka. Mbere yuko umwanzi, Khanar ya Siberiya yari mu mibanire ishyushye na Moscou kandi yashyikirije umusoro ubwoya. Uwageze kuri Khan, yishyurwa, yishyurwa yarahagaze, kandi umugozi utangira kwirukanwa mu burengerazuba bwa urals. Abacuruzi batangiye gutegura ubukangurangurambaga bwo kurwanya uwo bahanganye.
Abantu bagera kuri 500 baraterana, biteguye kwinjira mu gihugu. Umubare wabo buhoro buhoro wiyongereye kugera ku 1600. Abarwanyi binjiye mu ikipe ya Yermak, bakusanyije ubwato bwiza, bakusanyije ubwato bwiza, impeta, aho, ari bo hamwe n'ibikoresho n'intwaro, bimuwe mu mwanzi w'umwaruro. Ermak yateguye kaseti, igafata hamwe nanjye peeking, imbunda na arkebusi. Nyuma yo gukoresha, imbunda yatangiye kurwanira intoki n'intoki n'intambara ku kimenyetso, amashoka, imiduka n'imiheto.
Nubwo ubushishozi bwa Ataman, kugira ngo ahangane n'ingabo 10 za Kuchmu ntibyari byoroshye. Abantu babaga muri Khanate ya Siberiya bangaga umutwe uharanira inyungu kandi babaza ibimera bijyanye no kwibohora, ariko kubera gutinya ibihano ajyana mu ntera y'abarwanyi. Yakoze abarwanyi ba Kuchwood batizewe. Ikipe ya Yermaka yimuye umusozi, yurira Chusovoy ku ishami rya Kama na Obi na Obi na Obi na Obe bagiye mu bwenge.
Kugaragaza ibitero bya tatars kuri Tagil no ku munwa wa Toboli, indwara ya e buhoro buhoro yimukira muri iryo tertyssh. Nyuma yo kumena ingabo zingenzi za Khan, umurwanyi yatwarwaga nuwo muhanganye i Ishim. Mu kugwa kwa 1582, Ermak yinjiye mu mujyi, yitwaga Siberiya. Nyuma y'iminsi mike, reniece ya Khantov na Mansi, bazanye impano.
Mu rwego rwo kuvoka umusoro n'Uburusiya, abasabye bakiriye isezerano ryo kurengera. Mu Kuboza uwo mwaka, Yermak yashoboye kwerekana imyigaragambyo nshya y'ingabo za Tatar. Yinangiye agenda ku ntego ye, ibihugu bishya. Ivan mubi byahaye ikipe yo kunisha kurwanywa, yerekanwe nkimpano kubintu bya kamere nintwaro. Tatadi ntiyigeze acogora kandi umwe umwe yishe Abanazane, ariko ibizaba byiza kuri Ermak. Kuva mu bunyage, urugendo rwatandukanije impanuka.
Mu 1585, kugitiru bateraniye hamwe n'ingabo kandi bitegura gutera ingabo nke z'abasirikare. Khan yashonze ibihuha bihumanye ko igiti kiva muri buke nticyagera kuri Ermak. Umuyobozi w'ikipe nto mu bantu 150 yarokotse imbeho muri Siberiya, asigaye nta magada. Igitero cyagabwe cyafashwe na kushinga ku ruzi volai. Kurwanya ibohoza mu bihugu bya Siberiya, Ermak yarapfuye, yarohamye. Ariko urubanza rwe rwakomeje n'abayoboke, abatavuga rumwe n'umwanzi muri ubwo turere.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Yermak Timofeevich yakoresheje ubuzima bwe rwose kugirango impamvu yiyongera. Amakuru yamateka acecetse mubuzima bwe bwite kandi ntatanga amakuru yihariye yerekeye ibyo akunda guverineri.
Biroroshye gutekereza ko ibinezeza byoroshye biboneka. Ariko ibintu byerekeranye no kubaho kw'abagore n'abana, gufunga abantu bashobora gusiga amakuru yingirakamaro yerekeye ubuzima bwiyi mateka, ntibishoboka.
Urupfu
Kugerageza gukiza interuro hamwe nintara ziva mu gitero cya kuvom, Ermak yafashe ibikando 50 ajya gushaka Bukhardians. Ataman yujuje urupfu rwe ku rugamba hamwe na Khan mu mwanya inzuzi ya Vagai na Irtysh. Abadepite ntibari bahari mu mwanya wabo kubera umunaniro ukomeye nyuma yintambara kandi batitayeho, nuko ntamuntu numwe wabonye inzira y'umwanzi. Ubwicanyi bw'amaraso bwabaye, kugira ngo kuvamo Ermac na mugenzi we bacunze.
Tumaze gukomeretsa mu ntambara, Ermak yagerageje kurokora ubuzima bwe, yirengagiza uruzi. Ku rugamba, umurwanyi yambaraga ikibazo cyatanzwe n'umwami. Iyi ntwaro irayikuramo hepfo. Impamvu y'urupfu yari idashobora kuva mu mazi ifite kwambara bikomeye. Nk'uko umugani, Tatars yabonye umurambo wa guverineri kandi barabashinyagurira.
Indi verisiyo isobanura kubura gushakisha nyakwigendera. Ermak yasanze ubuhungiro bwa nyuma ku irimbi rya Baisevsk. Hano hari verisiyo nijwi muri Bashkortostan. Kuchma yongeye kuba umutware wa Siberiya, ariko ibikangwe ntibyatekerezaga gusubira inyuma bigagaruka mu mwaka hamwe n'ingabo nshya.
Mu 1915, umwami, yahawe umwami ya Yermaka, yavumbuye hafi y'umujyi wa Kashleki.
Kwibuka
Yemefak Timofeevich's biografiya yari ifitanye isano nibikorwa bya gisirikare, umusanzu wacyo mugutezimbere Uburusiya biragoye kurenga. Ndashimira ingando ya guverineri yafunguye Western Siberiya. Igice cyo mu majyaruguru y'aka karere cyari kizwi mu ntangiriro nka UGRA, ariko bitewe n'uburinzi no mu bihe bigoye, byashobokaga gukoraho iperereza. Inzira igana kuri ibyo bihugu yari aryamye hagati ya urals.
Yermaku yashoboye kubona ubwato bwo kwimura amato mu mayira no gutsinda imisozi. Geografiya yo muri leta y'Uburusiya yagutse cyane kubera ubukangurambaga bw'umuyobozi wa detachment. Yashakishije Irtysh na OB. Kuruta iburengerazuba bwa Siberiya, Ermak hamwe na bagenzi be bavumbuye Belogirsk Mainland.
Nubwo yigenga umurwanyi yananiwe gutsinda Kuchmu, Ermak yakoze ibishoboka byose kugirango abohore khan ya Siberiya. Hamwe na yo, kuririndwa, tobolsk n'abacunga barashinzwe, ndetse n'umujyi wa mbere w'Uburusiya witwa Mangazeya. Yermak Timofeevich yitwa Umugezi, gutura, kimwe no gucekwa mu majyaruguru.
Guhangana kwa Khan kuchum bisobanura ibitabo byimyaka itandukanye, harimo ibintu byizewe kandi bigaragaye, hamwe nimigani myinshi, yokaga ubuzima bwumugaba. Kwibuka nyir'ubutaka bwa Siberiya, amashusho menshi yarashwe. Mu 1996, premiere ya mini-serile "ermak" yakozwe, uruhare nyamukuru aho Viktor Stepnov yakinnye. Ifite amatsiko kugirango gufata amashusho ya firime byatangiye mu 1986, mugihe cya USSR, kandi kimara imyaka 10.