Ubuzima
Umwanditsi w'Ubufaransa Henri Barbus aravuka, abaho kandi akora ibinyejana bya XIX-XX, mu gihe, byashyizweho ikimenyetso, intambara zikomeye n'uburebure bushya bw'isi.
Ibintu bikomeye byagaragaye mu murimo w'umwanditsi: Isi yose, yazanye igitabo cy'amahoro "umuriro", aho umwanditsi hafi y'amahano y'intambara, akabona inyungu z'umunyeshuri uyobora.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Henri Barbus yavutse ku ya 17 Gicurasi 1873 mu mujyi muto w'umufaransa wo muri Annieres Sur-Sen. Se w'umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza Adrian Barris - Umufaransa, yakoraga nk'umunyamakuru, wakoze isubiramo ry'ikinyamakuru, Le Sièle "(" ikinyejana "bwanditse. Mama - Anninian Anni Benson, yapfuye kubyara, igihe umuhungu yari afite imyaka 3.
Umupfakazi yohereje umwana wavutse Anni mu Bwongereza mu mugore we kavukire, na we hamwe n'abana bakuru - lili na Henri - yimukira i Paris. Hano umuhungu yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Rollen, aho yize kuva 1883 kugeza 1890. Noneho umusorerbus yarbus akora ikaramu. Guhangana gutwara umusore, hanyuma nyuma ya College, yinjira mu ishami ry'ubuvanganzo bwa Sorbonne, atangira ubushakashatsi bwa mbere mu mivugo, agira uruhare mu marushanwa y'imivugo.
Ibitabo n'Itangazamakuru
Muri Sorbonne, Henri yakiriye amashuri meza, mu 1894 yarwanije ibyavuzwe muri filozofiya. Kandi umwaka utaha, icyegeranyo cyibisigo Umusizi "abakunzi" ("Pleresune") arasohoka, ibisigo byasomwe muri salon, byanditswe mu binyamakuru. Barbus abishaka.
Intsinzi yumusizi Detetic yahumekeye umwanditsi kuri prose. Ingero nziza zo mu guhanga kare zabaye amashusho "usenga" (1903) na "ikuzimu" (1908). Imirimo iheruka yabonye isubiramo ryiza ryabanenga, kandi abasomyi bakomeye. Umwanditsi ayoboye inkuru mumaso yumusore wumusore, witegereza ubuzima bukikije unyuze mu mwenda wa Keyshole. Mu gufungura kwe, imirya y'ibyamamare z'abandi bantu, umunezero n'imibabaro, urukundo n'ubwibone birabagirana. Barbus kunshuro yambere irerekana ibyiyumvo byabantu hamwe na realism zose.
"Buri gihe natangaga agaciro k'ibyiyumvo. Gusa binyuze kumutima, buriwese ashimangira kandi atera imbere. Hano hari umuntu ku giti cye wa buri wese wemejwe, "iyi ni amagambo y'umwanditsi kubyerekeye igitabo" ikuzimu ".
Mu 1914, Henri Barbuse irekura icyegeranyo cy'amakuru "twe", aho umusomyi atangiza inkuru z'abantu basanzwe, ariko aho abakora kubwo gushishoza n'amarangamutima y'ibyiyumvo n'amarangamutima y'abasaza, bibuka urubyiruko ("Umugani") cyangwa Madame Louis yashakanye n'uwa mbere azajya nyuma yo kugenda kwakundwa ("uhari").
Inkuru za Barbus soma Paris y'ubuvanganzo, kandi uwanditse ubwe asanzwe azwi cyane ku buryo yavuye mu gisirikare mu ntangiriro y'intambara ya mbere y'isi yose. Ariko, aracyajya mubwitange bwimbere mu 1914, nubwo yari ya cumi na gatanu. Umwanditsi yiyandikishije ku ntera ya 231 regiment y'imbunda y'Abafaransa.
Ariko, kandi hano, kumurongo w'imbere, ntabwo itandukanya ikaramu n'impapuro, kwandika imigambi yavukiye mu mutwe, amateka y'abasirikare basanzwe bapfuye mu maso. Kandi Brisbus yari yaranyumvise ko abo bahohotewe batari mu izina ry'isi, ahubwo ni inyungu z'inyungu za Capitalism. Intambara yo mu mizi yahinduye isi y'Umufaransa, kandi ibitekerezo n'amahame mpimwa n'amahame n'amahame biragenda birushaho gukomera.
Ibi byose ntibishobora kugira ingaruka ku murimo w'umwanditsi. Igitabo "umuriro" cyanditswe neza munsi yumuzi wa kanone mugice gito. Ibice bya mbere byacapishijwe inzu ya EvR, Barbus Soma, kuryama mu bitaro. Bidatinze, nk'uko ubuzima bwiza bwirukanwe, bukwiye igihembo kinini - umusaraba wa gisirikare kubera ko yafashaga kwihanganira abarwanyi bakomeretse mu rugamba.
Igihe intambara yari ifite ibitekerezo by'inzego zose za Sosiyete, "umuriro" w'Abaroma warezwe nk'ibihimbano bijyanye. Uyu mwanditsi ntabwo agerageza gumbaza ukuri kw'abasirikare, ku buryo, ibisobanuro byayo bifatika birashoboka ko bazana umwanditsi ku izina rya "Zol.". Umuntu yatangije kunegura kunegura uburyo bwisanzure no kuba igitabo cyuzuyemo umusirikare Jargon.
"Umuriro" wazanye umuntu kumenyekanisha isi kandi afite igihembo cya Hangovsk (igihembo kinini cy'ubuvanganzo bw'Ubufaransa). Igitabo cyimuriwe mu ndimi nyinshi, harimo no mu Budage ndetse no mu Budage ndetse n'ibihugu bya Otirishiya na Hongiriya.
Mu 1917, Henri Barbuse yari umwe mu bakiriye impinduramatwara mu Burusiya. Ubucuti bwe n'iki gihugu buzajyanwa mubuzima bwe bwose no guhanga. Umufaransa yegereye igitekerezo cy'ubukomunisiti, nk'uko yizeraga, azorohereza isi ikibi.
Igitabo gishya, cyanditswe mu 1920, Barbus yitwa "Custority". Muri uyu murimo, umwanditsi yerekana urugero rw'intwari ye Simona, Ukuntu dusuzumye indangagaciro z'umuntu zihinduka ku bijyanye no guharanira impinduramatwara.
Mu 1923, umwanditsi yinjiye mu nzego z'ishyaka rya gikomunisiti w'Ubufaransa, aba uwashinze ishyirahamwe ry'abakolatsi barwanya kandi b'intambara ndetse n'umwanditsi w'iginyamakuru izina - umwanditsi romerlyn.
Kuva ubu, Barbus yishyura umwanya munini ku mirimo rusange: Abayobozi muri komite y'isi mu kurwanya intambara na Fashisme, bagize uruhare mu gutumiza mpuzamahanga arwanya intambara, bakora ubutegetsi bw'impinduramatwara.
Mu 1924, Bibliografiya ya Henri Barbus yuzuza "isano ikomeye", umurimo ukomeye, aho umwanditsi asa nkaho yakuye abasomyi mugihe cyamateka yabantu, yamye afitiye "amahuza" atandukanye: Amadini, umudendezo, imyitwarire kandi amaherezo, ugeze kuri XIX ikinyejana - sisitemu ya Bourgeois.
Barburu yageze bwa mbere muri USSR mu 1927, yahuye na Stalin, nyuma atangira gukora ku mibereho y'umuyobozi. Umwaka ukurikira, umwanditsi asohora icyarimwe abakusanya 2 - "impanuka" n "" inkuru zukuri ". Kuberako ibyo bikorwa byongeye kwakira igihembo cyiza cya Gonorovsky.
Mu mpera zubuzima, umwanditsi yongeye gusabana nijambo ryigitabo. Mu 1935, imwe mu mirimo ye iheruka yasohotse - inkuru ikora ku mutima "ubwuzu". Mu mugambi w'uwo musore hashize imyaka 20 haguye umukundwa n'ubushake bw'ababyeyi be. Umukobwa ntabwo yarokotse gutandukana, asiga amateka azahabwa nyuma yimyaka myinshi. Gukina bidapfa biracyatsindira mumashusho menshi yisi.
Mu mwaka w'urupfu rw'umwanditsi, igitabo "Stalin. Umuntu unyuzamo isi nshya, "yazanye isi ishusho umuyobozi w'Abasoviyeti.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Muri biografiya yumwanditsi Hariho amakuru make ava mubuzima bwihariye. Mu 1898, yashakanye na Elion Mendez - Umukobwa w'umusizi w'ingenzi n'umwanditsi wa Katulle Mendez naho uwahimbye Augustisus Holmes.
Umubano muri bombi wari uhuza. Barrus yanditse umugore we hafi buri munsi uhereye imbere yinyuguti zitangwa. Ntibari bafite abana.
Urupfu
Henri Barbuse yapfiriye ku ya 30 Kanama 1935 i Moscou avuye muri PNEOnonia. Mu murwa mukuru wa USSR, yahageze, asanzwe arwara cyane, kugira uruhare muri imwe mu nama kandi akaba, yakoraga ku bitabo bishya (akurikije aya mibereho ya Lenin, yanditse ubuzima bwa kabiri ya Stalin).
Umwanditsi yashyinguwe ku irimbi "kuri LashHez" i Paris. Tekereza ku mwanditsi mu bihe bya nyuma reka igisirikare cyose cy'Ubufaransa cyaje. Ku mva ya barburis, urwibutso rwo mu maringa yijimye (Rhodonite) yoherejwe mu Burusiya yashinzwe.
Bibliografiya
- 1903 - "GUSENGA"
- 1908 - "Ikuzimu"
- 1914 - "Twe"
- 1916 - "Umuriro"
- 1920 - "Somene"
- 1924 - "Ihuza"
- 1928 - "Ibyabaye"
- 1928 - "INKURU Z'UKURI"
- 1935 - "Ubwuzu"