Ubuzima
Hans Golbaine Jr. - Umuhanzi w'Ubudage na Expaver wakoraga mu buryo bw'amajyaruguru ya Renaissance azwi nka imwe mu shusho ikomeye yo mu kinyejana cya 16. Yashyizeho intwaro z'amadini na sariya, yazamuye amahame y'ivugurura, yagize uruhare runini mu iterambere ry'igitabo.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Hans Golbaine Jr. yavukiye mu mujyi w'Ubudage wa Augsburg ngo 149-1498. Yari umuhungu w'umuhanzi-umuhanzi Gansa Golbaine-se mukuru, wayoboye amahugurwa, hamwe na murumuna we, Ambrosius yagiye mu kirenge cya Data. Ahagana mu 1515, incamake nto yaje kuri Basel yo mu Busuwisi, muri iyo minsi ifatwa nk'ikigo cya n'ubuhanzi na tipografiya. Babaye abanyeshuri ba pargeter yaho hans.
Ubwa mbere, golbeans yakoraga mubuhanga bwa xylografi kandi yashizeho icyuma cyo gucapa. Igikorwa cya mbere gikomeye cyabavandimwe ni igishushanyo cyubupfumu "ubupfu" Erasmus Rotterddamsky bisabwe numwungeri waho, umuhanga mu bya tewolojiya Osvald Mikona. Ibikorwa byambere bya Hans byari amashusho yisi ya Basel hamwe nabashakanye, byanditswe mubuhanga bufatika bwababyeyi.
Mu 1517, imfura na Goleyn yabereye bakoreye ku ireme ry'ibicuruzwa mu nzu ya 6 ya Herlernetherstein muri Lucerne, kandi kandi barwaye ibishushanyo by'ikirahure cyanduye. Nk'uko abashakashatsi bavuga ko muri uwo mwaka, Nyiricyubahiro Mesiya yasuye Ubutaliyani, aho nahuriye n'ibiremwa bya Andrea Mants, wagaragaye mu rukuta rw'icyiciro cya mbere cy'umuhanzi w'Umuhanzi.
Mu 1519, Hans Golbien yasubiye i Basel abona amahugurwa ye. Yujuje imirimo myinshi yo gushushanya isura yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu yinzu ninyubako yinama yumujyi, kandi yanakoze urukurikirane rwikirahure cyirahuri mu rusengero no kuba.
Byongeye kandi, umuhanzi yerekanaga ibitabo by'umwamamaji uzwi Johann Froker Johanni ararishye, yashyizeho ibitabo byinshi by'ibiti, kandi bikubiyemo kandi ikibabi cyerekana ikibabi cya Bibiliya ya Martin Luther. Kuri iki gihe ni iciyumviro cya ba shebuja, nyuma ikoreshwa mu "Imbyino y'urupfu".
Gushushanya
Ubuzima bwa Golbaine Jr. Nkuko umurangi watangiriye hamwe nigishushanyo cyahujwe na Yuko Meira umuyobozi numugore we Dorothei, hamwe na Boniface Boniface Amerbha. Kuva muri ako kanya, uburyo bwihariye bwatangiye gukorwa muburyo bugaragara bwa shebuja.
Ibiremwa byambere bya Shebuja Umudage yavugije irangi "Kristo yapfuye mu isanduku" (1520-1522), byanditswe na tempera. Byari ishusho ya groteque muburyo bwuzuye bwumubiri urambuye kandi udasanzwe uryamye Yesu. Abashakashatsi kugeza uyu munsi ntibashobora kumenya icyo iyi canvas yaremye: Bamwe batekereza ko byari bikwiye kuba igicaniro, abandi bizera ko byari bimwe mu mva yera y'Umukiza.
Ishusho irashimishije cyane cyane ibipimo (30.5 cm x 200) no kuba isura, amaboko n'ibirenge bya TRISS, bigaragazwa n'inyama zapfuye mu byiciro byo kubora. Hariho verisiyo, nka kamere yiyi mirimo, Golbaine yakoresheje umurambo wo kurohama yakubise rhine.
Mu 1523, Hans yashyizeho ifoto yerekana ifoto ya filozofiya Erasca Roteridky, wasabye neza kimwe numuntu we. Umubano yohereje kopi yerekana inshuti n'abafana mu bihugu bitandukanye kandi afasha Golbein kujya kurwego rwisi.
Mu 1524, amarangi yasuye Ubufaransa mu gushakisha akazi mu rukiko rwa Francis I, nyuma yimyaka 2 asigaye mu Bwongereza, maze hashize imyaka 2 asingiza ku munani w'abanditsi Thomas Moru. Muri Alnion Altion, hans yanditse amashusho 2 ya manker usanzwe: ingaragu kandi ikikijwe n'umuryango.
Abandi bubatsi b'umuhanzi bari William Warham, Arkiyepiskopi Canterbury, imibare na archolamer aricholas, kandi umugore we nyagasani, ahanini no kwifotoza "umudamu ufite ikibanza . " Usibye gushushanya, Golbien yateje urugamba rweguriwe kugota Tiruan, rweguriwe gusura intumwa z'Abafaransa.
Mu Bwongereza, umuhanzi ntiyabonye uburambe bwo guhanga, ahubwo n'amafaranga akenewe kugira ngo abeho neza, naguze amazu 2 muri Basel. Yagarutse mu Busuwisi hagati ya 1528, umurangi waje mu kaga gakuru k'ivugurura ry'ivugurura rya shushobone, birashoboka cyane ko byasenya igice cy'imirimo ye y'idini. Golbaine yahatiwe kwemera no kugabana ibitekerezo bishya byabakristo kandi asubukura imirimo kurupapuro rwa rukuta muri salle yinama yumujyi.
Mu 1532, Hans yongeye kujya mu Bwongereza ayobowe n'umuyobozi w'ivugurura, umujyanama wa cyami wa Thomes Cromell na Anna Bolein, Anna Bolein, uwo bashakanye mushya w'umwami. Umuhanzi yakemuye hafi y'akarere ko guhaha afata ishusho y'abayituye mu buryo butandukanye. Mu gishushanyo cya George, Gisss Gdansky Golbein yashushanyije umucuruzi akikijwe n'ibimenyetso bishushanyijeho ubukorikori bwe. Kandi ishusho ya derich berk cologne, inzira, yari yoroshye cyane kandi ishyira mu gaciro.
Hans na we yafashe urukiko, ba nyir'ubutaka n'abashyitsi ba Leta. Ibyabaye bizwi cyane ku mabati yo muri kiriya gihe ni "Ambasaderi", aho yashushanyije Jean De Denthelev, uhagarariye urukiko rw'Ubufaransa, ahagarariye Urukiko rw'Ubufaransa, na Georbis de Sello, Arkiyepiskopi Lavurra. Uyu murimo wari wuzuye ikimenyetso na paradoxes, yohereje guhuza insanganyamatsiko yidini, ubuzima nurupfu, kwibeshya no kwiga. Kuva 1536, Golbaine yabaye imbaho yumwami yumwami wumwami w'ingoma ya Tudor.
Mu 1537, yaremye igishushanyo cye kizwi cya Heinrich VIII, wari uhagaze mu ifoto yintwari afite amaguru yitwaje intwaro, umwimerere wacyo wabitswe. Ku bukuru bw'ishusho, abakomokaho barashobora guca imanza zo gushushanya urukuta rwa Whiteholl Ingoro ya Whiteholl hamwe n'ibishushanyo bikorerwa ku miterere. Uburyo bwo gushushanya Golbein muri iki gihe bwarahindutse, bwibanze ku maso n'imyambaro ya simulator, kandi amateka n'amafatiro byakomeje kuba inshingano.
Kuva 1534 kugeza 1540, abahanzi b'Abadage umwe umwe umwe yabuze abakiriya bose. Mu 1534, Tomas Mora yiciwe, mu 1536, kubera ubuhemu, yatangajwe ko ari ubuhemu, maze mu myaka ya 1544, ntiryabaye Thomesill Cromell yashinjwaga ubuyobe. Ibi byangiza umwuga w'urukiko mu marangi, nubwo, nubwo ari ikintu runaka, cyafashe umwanya munini.
Usibye imirimo ya Leta, Golbayine yatangiye kwishora mu mabwiriza yihariye, yo kuvugana n'amashusho y'abacuruzi bo mu ruganda rusenyuka. Yanditse kandi bimwe mu bikorwa bye byiza bya miniature, harimo amashusho ya Henry na Charles Brandon, barumuna be jye na Henrings Inshuti magara Henry VIII.
Hariho amahirwe ko mu 1540, Hans yitabiriye ibyo yari afite muri Basel, ariko ibyo ntibyagize ingaruka ku mirimo ye kugeza na n'ubu.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Hafi ya 1520, umusore Golbien yajyanye n'umugore wa Elsbeth Schmid, amukurushe imyaka mike, wari ufite umuhungu muto Franz. Mu mwaka wa mbere w'ubukwe, uwo mwashakanye yibarutse umuhanzi w'umuhungu, witwaga Philippe, na nyuma yigihe umukobwa Carina.
Umuryango ntabwo waherekeje irangi mu ngendo mu mahanga, hans yabonye umugore we n'abana, gusa bari muri Basel. Muri uru ruzinduko, yashushanyijemo amashusho yumuryango wasangaga namashusho ya Bibiliya yinkumi hamwe nabana na Yohana Umubatiza kuri clutter zimwe.
Ubuzima bwumuntu ku giti cye ntibushobora kwitwa kwishima. Kuva mu 1532, babaga bitandukanye, mu Bwongereza Umuhanzi yari afite amasako n'abandi bagore. Golbaine yahaye abanyamafaranga bahawe ensebet hamwe nabana, ariko ntiyumva ibyiyumvo byoroheje.
Urupfu
Golbaine yapfiriye mu Bwongereza mu kugwa kwa 1543. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya XVII, icyateye urupfu rw'umuhanzi byafatwaga nk'icyorezo. Abashakashatsi bakiriye bitonze kuri iyi hypothesis, bakeka ko yapfuye azize.
Ku ya 7 Ukwakira 1543, umuhanzi yakusanyije Isezerano ko abaturanyi babonye, ariko ntiyizeza umwunganira. Umupadiri wicyongereza hamwe numusemuzi wa Bibiliya John Rogers yafashe impungenge kumitungo ya Golbien, abikesheje ibishushanyo byinshi nibishushanyo byumunsi.
Birazwi ko umurangi washyinguwe mu Bwongereza, ariko aho imva ye ntizwi.
Gushushanya
- 1520 - "Kristo wapfuye mu isanduku"
- 1523 - "Erasm Rotters"
- 1524 - "Ntunkoreho!"
- 1527 - "Thomas Mor"
- 1526 - Lais Corifskaya
- 1528 - "Ubumenyi bw'ikirere Nikola Mugufi"
- 1528 - "Ishusho yumugore wumuhanzi Elsbet Binstok hamwe nabana bakuru ba Filipo na Katrina"
- 1532 - "Igishushanyo cyumucuruzi George Giss"
- 1533 - "Ambasaderi"
- 1540 - "Heinrich VIII, UMWAMI W'U Bwongereza"
- 1540-1541 - "Portrait ya Katharina Howard, Umugore wa gatanu Umwami Henry VIII"