Ubuzima
Umusizi Nikolai Zabolotsky numucyo mwinshi mububiko bwu Burusiya. Niba ibikorwa bye byambere byatewe hamwe nibitekerezo bya Futurism, ejo hazaza yasanze uburyo bwe bwihariye bukoreshwa mumirongo, kuvanga mu buryo buvanze mu buryo bworoshye hamwe na filozofiya yimbitse no gutobora amagambo.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Nikolai yavukiye mu mpeshyi ya 1903 muri Sloboda Slonoda (ubu ni Kazan), intara ya Kazan. Umuhungu yishimiye cyane ababyeyi be, nyina yakoraga nk'umwarimu mu mudugudu, kandi se yari agronome kandi akora nk'abayobozi mu murima. Ubwana bw'umusizi bw'ejo hazaza ntibuze muri Disiloboda we kavukire gusa, yamaze igihe kinini kandi akorera mu mudugudu, wari mu ntara ya VYATKA.
Mu mwarimu w'ishuri n'ababyeyi babonye impano y'abana, kubera ko yamaze mu cyiciro cya 3, yigenga yakoze ikinyamakuru aho ibihimbano byashyizwe. Kubindi mahugurwa, Zabolotsky yimukira muri Uzhum akaza hariya mwishuri, ibyifuzo byumusore atanga igishushanyo, kimwe na chimie namateka.
Nyuma yishuri nyaryo rirangiye mu 1920, Zabolotsky yinjiye muri kaminuza ya Moscou. Yahisemo filologiya nubuvuzi, ariko bidatinze yimukira i Petrograweme kandi arangirira mu kigo cya Pedagoge. Ishami rya Herzen ryururimi rwamahanga nubuvanganzo. Umwaka umwe, mu 1926, umusore ahamagara umurimo mu gisirikare.
Ibisigo
Kubikorwa bya Zabolotsky, biyemeje muri Leningrad, kuva aho ava mubigega mumwaka. Niba kandi mu busore, ibisigo by'isi byo mu ntangiriro zavuzwe ku byabaye kuri Yunc kuva mu mudugudu n'abinyaga, nyuma y'isi, ifasha kwimura ibyabo, badakunda kwiharira, bidahuye n'imiterere yo kuvuga. Muri bibliografiya yumusizi, ibikorwa byambere bigaragara.
Ingabo ziturutse ku myaka yashize Politiki Nshya y'Ubukungu, yabaye ishingiro ry'ibisigo by'imivugo byatewe na sareire. Yatinze imirimo yahujije mu gitabo kimwe, bita "inkingi". Igishushanyo cyumusizi cyashyizeho igifuniko cyatangajwe.
Igitabo cyasohotse mu 1929, ako kanya nyuma yo kurekurwa, byateje ibitekerezo bibi mu binyamakuru. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, umuntu ashyiraho umubano ninyenyeri ", nihe mirongo wumwanditsi wanditse, itavunjijwe, Ubuyobozi bwa Eation yasohotse mugihe kizaza.
Igitabo gikurikira, cyari kigizwe nimivugo ya Zabolotsky, cyakozwe mugihe kuva 1926 kugeza 1932, cyari kimaze gucapwa, ariko abasomyi ntibabibona. Kandi imirimo ya Nikolai Alekseevich "Kwizihiza Ubuhinzi", yateje umugezi mushya wibibi ku mwanditsi. Imyitwarire nkiyi yo guhanga yashyizeho umusizi kandi arushaho kumenya neza ko atazemererwa gushyirwa mubikorwa mumivugo mu cyerekezo cye cyumwimerere. Ibi birasobanura kugabanuka kwanditswe na Nikolai, byatangiye kugeza 1935.
Kubuzima, umugabo yinjije mubinyamakuru bibiri iyobowe na Samweli Marshak, yanditse imivugo y'abana na Prose, ndetse no guhindura inkuru z'abanditsi b'abanyamahanga. Nikolai rero yakomeje umwanya we mu ruziga rw'ubuvanganzo bwahoze ari Leningrad, kandi ibisigo bitarenze imyaka mike byanditse byemejwe.
Mu 1937, yararekuye igitabo "igitabo cya kabiri", igizwe n'ibisigo 17. Kandi kuri kimwe, yakoraga kubisobanuro byigikorwa cya "Ijambo ryerekeye umutware wa Igor", igisigo cye "Osad Kozelsk", kimwe nizindi nyandiko nubuhinduzi. Ariko, ikibazo kigaragara cyahindutse uburiganya.
Umwanzuro
Ubutegetsi nyabwo muri biografiya ya Zabolotsky yabaye mu 1938, ubwo yashinjwaga kwamamazaga muri SERIAGANDA SETSTS SYSTEMS SEGNES SYSTEMS STSTS SEGNES SYSTEM YONEYE SETSTS SEGNES SYSTEMS SEGNES SYSTEM YONEMWE MEVIITANDA. Nkuko impaka zivuga umwanditsi yerekanye ingingo zituruka ku banegura no gusuzuma isubiramo, bitera gusenya, kugoreka igitekerezo cy'imirimo yanditse.
Ikintu yakijije iyicwa ni cyo cyanze kumenya icyaha mu gushyiraho imitunganyirize yo kurwanya ifatanya conda, zishimangira abashinjacyaha, na bo barimo abandi bantu. Birakwiye ko tumenya gusuzuma kunegura Nikolai Laurechevsky wa Nikolai, wanditse kuri NKVD, utekereza ko umurimo wa Zabolotsky uhamagarira kurwanya ubusosiyalisiti na politiki y'Abasoviyeti.
Nkumuntu wakurikiyeho, umugabo wagaragaje ko ari abivuga "amateka y'umwanzuro wanjye", yahawe mu mahanga mu 1981, bwa mbere iyicarubozo ntabwo ryamumenyera, kandi ryagerageje guhagarika umutima. Nicholas yambuwe amafunguro n'ibitotsi n'umunsi barashize. Ntiyemerewe guhaguruka ku ntebe, aho yari yamaze umunsi umwe. Abashakashatsi basimbuye, kandi umugabo akomeza kuguma adafite ishingiro.
Nyuma yigihe cyigihe, amaguru ye yararangiye cyane, kandi ibirenge byihanganirwa, ubwenge butangira gushyingura kure. Ariko, umusizi hamwe n'imbaraga zabo zose yagerageje gukomeza ibitekerezo bigaragara kugirango abantu bamubajije batakomeretse bakomejwe n'akarengane n'uburabubasha n'imibiri ya Leta.
Kuva mu 1939 kugeza 1943, Nikolai akorera igihano i Kombemosi-Amur mu Isano ry'iburasirazuba n'imirimo y'inkambi y'abakozi, n'undi mwaka - mu kibaya cya Kulundy muri ITL "Altai". Amabaruwa yoherejwe ku bana n'umugore nyuma ashimangira guhitamo "inyuguti ijana za 1938-1944".
Kugaruka ku buzima bw'ubuvanganzo mu muntu byabaye gusa mu 1944, ni bwo yarangije "ijambo ryerekeye umutware wa Igor", ryerekeye umutware wa Igor ", ryerekeye umutware wa Igor", ryerekeye umutware w'igisenge. Iki kintu cyafashije umwanditsi mu myaka 2 kugirango agarutse i Karaganda i Moscou no gukira ubumwe bw'abanditsi, atangira kwandika n'ingabo nshya.
Ibisigo byanditse na Zabolotsky mugihe cyo kuva 1946 kugeza 1948, abanditsi ba kijyambere bashimiwe. Ibikorwa byinshi byabagabo byanyuze umubabaro we hanyuma urumvikane. Icyo gihe nibwo ibisigo byanditswe "crane" na "thaw".
Ariko, kuzamura kwe guhanga byihuse byimukiye kugeza kugabanuka, kandi umugabo yari akurikije ubusobanuro bwubuhanzi. Ariko nyuma ya XX Kongere ya CPSU, dosiye yingengabitekerezo yagabanutse mubitabo, na Nikolai yongeye gufata ikaramu. Mu myaka 3 ishize, yandika imirimo myinshi nyuma yo kwibohora, ndetse bamwe baracapurwa. Mu 1955, ibisigo "umukobwa mubi" na "ku bwiza bwubugingo bwabantu" bugaragara. Mu 1957, icyegeranyo cye cya 4 kirasohoka, nyuma y'umwaka, umurimo "ntukemere ko romey."
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye muri Zabolotsky inshuro imwe byari byiza, ariko igihe runaka yatanze. Umugore wa Pot yabaye Ekaterina Klykov. Umugore washyinguwe mu 1930, mu gihe cyo kubungabunga umugabo we afunzwe, umugore amushyigikiye kandi akora inyandiko.
Icyakora, mu 1955 yavuye muri Nicholas ku mwanditsi Vasily grossman. Muri kiriya gihe, umugabo yazungurutse igitabo hamwe na Nataliya Roscina. Ariko nyuma yimyaka 3 umugore asubira i Zabolotsky kugeza igihe iminsi irangiye hamwe nuwo mwashakanye.
Mu bashakanye, Nikolai Alekseevich yari afite abana babiri. Umuhungu wa Nikita yagaragaye mumuryango hashize imyaka 2 ubukwe. Amaze gukura, yabaye umuhanga mu binyabuzima kandi yanditse ingingo kuri biologiya, kandi yateje kandi ibitekerezo byinshi kuri se. Umukobwa wa Natalia yavutse mu 1937, mu myaka 25, umukobwa yashakanye na Nikolai Kaverin, wari Ram y'icyinjije.
Urupfu
Nubwo mu myaka yashize, Nikolai Alekseevich yahawe inguzanyo y'abasomyi kandi afite imibereho ahagije muri gereza, hasigaye ubuzima, ubuzima bwakozwe muri gereza, hasigaye ubuzima, ubuzima bwakozwe muri gereza, ubuzima busigaye muri gereza n'inkange, ananirwa gusubira ku mugabo. Nyuma yo gusubira mu rugo, akenshi arwara.
Nka N. Chukovsky, N. Chukovsky, wari uzi neza Zabolotsky, yakubise Nikolai na nyuma yo kugenda umugore we. Nyuma yibi birori, yateye umutima wambere. Umusizi yabaga indi myaka 3. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'umwanditsi ni ikibazo cya kabiri cyateye umutima wabaye mu Kwakira 1958.
Uwo mwashakanye wa Nikolai wapfuye mu 1997, umugore yashyinguwe iruhande rw'umugabo we. Ku ifoto yo mu mva y'umusizi, urwibutso ntirwagaragara, aho izina rya Catherine Vasilyevna ribazwa.
Bibliografiya
- 1929 - "Inkingi"
- 1931 - "Umujyi utangaje"
- 1937 - "Igitabo cya kabiri: Ibisigo"
- 1948 - "Umuvugo"
- 1957 - "Umuvugo"
- 1957 - "Urukundo rwa nyuma"
- 1981 - "AMATEKA YANJYE"