Ubuzima
Umuyobozi wa Soviet - Muri rusange ubuzima rusange, Sergei Parasthanov yatanzwe. Igihe cyagenwe, ariko, kiriho mu gihe cy'Abasoviyeti, ntabwo yigeze aba uwawe mu rwego rwo guhamwa, yahoraga ahakana, yanze, anenga ibintu nk'ibibi byo kubaka nk'ibihano, gukandamizwa, gukurikiranwa.
Niyo mpamvu yahoraga ashakisha uwo bwisanzure ko atazindukiriye muri firime ze: "Ibara rya Grenade", "Ibara rya Grenade", "igicucu cya ba solometero ya parajano ni nk'aho yashushanyijeho umuhanzi nyawe : Amabara, umwimerere, yatinye nkumuco mwiza wa Shebuja.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Sergey (Sarsiris) SACRAZHANhanov yavutse ku ya 9 Mutarama 1924 muri Tbilisi. Umuhungu yabaye umuhungu wari utegerejwe nyuma y'abakobwa ba Anna na Ruzanne mu muryango wa Arumeniya wa Antiquary Joseph Parajanov na Siran Bejanova. Kuva kuri se Sergey yarazwe urukundo n'ubuntu, impano y'ubuhanzi, kuva kuri Mama - Ubuhanzi n'imbaraga, ishyaka ry'ikinyomo.
Ubwana bwa Sergey bwanyuze mu kirere bisa na inzu ndangamurage ba Hanze n'intebe y'umukecuru icyarimwe. Ahantu hose ibishushanyo, ibikoresho bishaje, tapi, amashusho n'amafoto - uyu muyobozi wose azagumana mubuzima bwe bwa buri munsi. Ntibitangaje kubona abo mu giheraga basetsaga ko God Spradzhanov "aba mu buzima bukiriho."
Kuva mu 1932 kugeza 1942, umuhungu yize mu ishuri ry'Uburusiya. Yiga ntabwo yize neza, ariko amasomo amwe yasobanukiwe kandi akunda. Nashimishijwe na siyanse n'amateka, kandi impano zivuka zagenewe umuziki, zishingiye ku bitabo. Ashik-Garbib na "Umudayimoni" Mikhail Lemontov, "Alexander Sergeyevich funkin, yatunguwe cyane.
Ishuri rirangiye, mu 1942, yinjiye mu ishami ry'ubwubatsi bwo mu kigo cy'abashinzwe imigati ya Tbilisi. Ariko nahise mbona ko nahisemo umwuga wanjye. Umusore yashishikarije akazi, asiba inyandiko muri gahunda ya Tbilisi ku ishami ry'ijwi ndetse n'ishuri rya kohoografiya ku nzu ya Opera. Yinjiye byombi kandi ashoboye kwiga mu nzego ebyiri.
Mu 1945, nyuma y'intambara, yimukiye muri tbilisi compatory i Moscou, yabaye umunyeshuri wa mwarimu uzwi Nina Dorkak. Ubuzima bwo guhanga bwumurwa mukuru bwatangije umusore ufite cinema. Urujijo n'ubu bwoko bw'ubuhanzi, Goradzhanov yavuye muri konserwatori maze yinjira ku muyobozi. Umujyanama wa Sergey yabaye Umuyobozi uzwi n'Umwarimu Igor Savchenko, na nyuma y'urupfu rw'Uwiteka - Alexander Dovzhenko.
Film no guhanga
Mu 1951, Sergey yarangije n'icyubahiro kuva VGIK ajya i Kiev, aho yari yaratangiye gukora kuri studio ya firime. Dovzhenko nk'umuyobozi wungirije. Hano arema amashusho yambere ya firime ye: andrity tile "(1954), umusore wa mbere" (1958), melodrama "Ukraine" (1962).
Ariko, ntanumwe muribi bikorwa nkumugisha unyuzwe byuzuye. Inkuru, ingengabitekerezo n'imikorere ya realism zose zitwara byose ntabwo byahaye Umuyobozi gushushanya ishusho yabo yisi. Godzhanov "gutandukana" nyuma ya firime Andrei Tarkovys.
"Noneho nzi gukora firime."Yatangaye rero Premiere ya "Ivanov mu bwana bwa" Ivanov ", arangije, amaherezo, ko filime ishobora, ihinduka umwenda w'umuhanzi.
Mu 1964, umuyobozi yafashe ifoto yerekana "igicucu cya ba sogokuruza" kumurimo wa Mikhail Kotsjubinsky. Uyu mugambi wari ushingiye ku mateka y'Abahutali, agifite umubano wa Romeo n'Umusabane, muri filime ni Ivan na Marichka - abahagarariye imiryango y'abanzi, bakundana. Kunda ikinamico gihinduka inyuma yinyuma ya moto ya ethnografiya yabantu borozi (abatuye karpat).
Uburyohe budasanzwe bwubuhanzi, bugwizwa nibitekerezo bitagira umupaka wumuyobozi, byatumye bishoboka gukora nta gukabya ishuri rya firime. Kandi ibi byamenyekanye na Pinema ya Sinema yigihugu gusa, ninde washyizeho "igicucu ..." kumurongo umwe ufite "amahano", nka "ballad chukhy" grikhy "mikhail" mikhail "mikhail" Mikhail " Kalatozova.
Telegaramu n'amagambo yo kwishima no kwishingira kwa Wallo Master Michelangelo Antoni, Jean-Luka Goderico, Akira Kurosava. Filime yakiriye ibihembo 28 mu bihugu 21. Mu bihe byabo mu iserukirali-ya firime yose i Kiev, igihembo cy'Abongereza, viza mu minsi mikuru i Roma, Mar del Plata, Tessaloniki, Itesalonike, n'ibindi.
Intsinzi itera umuyobozi kuri kaseti ya Kyv Fresco, ariko igitekerezo cyumwimerere nukwanga kubuza imipaka yose ndetse no mu biganiro byo gukora - Ntabwo nagombaga kunezeza abayobozi. Baregwa Parajanov mu myifatire ya "Mystical-Yerekana". Gusobanukirwa ko muri Ukraine atazahabwa akazi, Gora Gorazhanov asiga ishusho n'amababi akirimbutse kuri Yerevan.
Hano Umuyobozi akora kuri firime ivuga ibisigo bya Arumeniya byo mu kinyejana cya XVIII Saitat-Ugushyingo. Mu ishusho imwe imbere yumwakira, hari ibyiciro 3 byumusizi - imyaka yabana, urubyiruko no gukura. Nta biganiro byintwari hamwe na monologue. Agaciro kwose k'amashusho ni mu butunzi no kuranga ishusho.
Iherezo ry'iryo shusho ryagaragaye: Icyambere umusaruro wacyo cyemejwe na idiotovet, ariko nyuma yo gufata amashusho, igihe Spacezhanov yamaze kugaragara mu bitero byinshi byo kurwanya igihugu, nk'uko byagaragaye muri kaseti "Kugoreka Igishusho cy'umusizi no kwigaragaza cyane mysticism." Yasubijwe kunonosorwa, ibyo bitari bikiri paradingero. Kubera iyo mpamvu, film yagiye mu bukode bw'igitabo ntarengwa kandi munsi yizina ritandukanye - "ibara rya grenade". Ariko aracyafatwa nkimwe mu byitegererezo byamurika byimirimo ya shebuja.
Nyuma y'inkuru kuva "Sayit-Nshya", aho, aho iryo tegeko ryabuzanyaga kurasa, ariko, David Sasunsky "," Abadayimoni "," n'ibindi) , ariko bidatinze bahuye na opyale nyuma yo kunegura abaturage ubuyobozi bw'ishyaka kandi baregwa icyaha mu 1971.
Ingaruka zatidindije kugira ingaruka: Mu 1972, gufata amashusho y'ishusho ye "interineti" byahagaritswe, nyuma y'umwaka, Madre yari mu iperereza, kandi bidatinze ahamwa n'icyaha. Mubuzima bwumuyobozi hari igihe ntarengwa, nyuma yimyifatire yo kumurimo we yavuguruwe, kandi imyaka icumi yanyuma ya Sergei Iodifovich yashoboraga gukora atabanje kugenzura ibihangano bye.
Mu 1983, umuyobozi yatangiye gukora kuri kaseti "y'ibihogo bya surarmal". Umugani w'amashanyarazi ku byerekeye ifarashi y'abato, ufata umwanzuro na David Abashide, wakiriye Kinonagrad nyinshi. Yatangajwe mu 1985, ivugurura ryatanze ubwenge bwo guhanga umudendezo kuruta inshuti za Parajanov yakoreshejwe mugutegura imurikagurisha, ryagenze neza i Moscou na Yerevan.
Nyuma yo gushushanya "Arabesque ku ngingo ya Pirosmani", umuyobozi afata filime "Ashik-katib" mu izina rimwe rya Lermontov. Uyu kaseti yeguriwe kwibuka Andrei Tarkovy yakiriye igihembo cy'iminsi mikuru ya firime ya Rotterdam na Stonide. Databuja yasuye imigi myinshi ya Amerika n'Uburayi, yahuye na Marchello Mastroanni, Yves Saint Laurent hamwe nabandi bantu b'indashyikirwa. Benshi muribo basuye inzu ye yo kwakira abashyitsi muri Tbilisi.
Mu 1989, Gora Gorazhanov yatangiye kurasa filime ya autobiografi "kwatura", itigeze irangira bijyanye n'umuyobozi uhemuwe.
Urukiko n'Isomyi
Ndetse no mu rubyiruko rwa Paralozhanov, yakoze ashyigikira ubwenge bwo guhanga bakurikiranye ibitekerezo bitera imbere. Mu 1965, yashyigikiye abatavuga rumwe na mirongo itandatu, aho itarekuwe mu mahanga. Mu 1968, yarwanyije kugenzura filime "Andrei Rublev", yasinyiye ibaruwa yo kwigaragambya 139 ndetse n'ibigeragezo bya politiki muri Ukraine.
Mu ijambo, umuyobozi wa Opairen igihe kinini "ku nkoni" ya KGB, no mu 1973, nyuma yo kuvuga ngo 1933, nyuma y'indi mvugo ya KRAMOL, yatanzwe n '"ibirego by'abagabo n'imiryango ya Pritone." Nk'uko ababyiboneye bavuga ko urubanza rutigeze rwifuza cyane hashingiwe ku kwamagana bitazwi. Bidatinze, umutangabuhamya wa mbere yagaragaye, abashinja Pajanov bafashwe ku ngufu.
Umuyobozi ubwe ntiyamaganye ibitsina byose mu rukiko, ariko uko ihohoterwa ntiyemeza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, urukiko rw'akarere ka Kiev rwakatiye Sergey Joses Josefovich kugeza mu myaka 5 y'igifungo. Imyaka y'ifungwa muri Godshanahan yibukije nk'ikigeragezo kibi ibintu byose byari byose: no gukubitwa, n'inzara, no gutesha agaciro.
Yakijije imwe - guhanga. Umuhanzi yabonye uburyo bwo kwigaragaza no muri iyi selile ikonje: ibiceri "bivuye muri kefir cap, biracyakira, bikadoda burlap. Ku ya 8 Werurwe, inshuti ye, umupfakazi wa Vladimir Mayakovsky Lile Amatafari, Goradzhanov yakoze "indabyo" kuva mu nsinga n'ibisigara by'isogisi.
Lily Yurevna yatangije ubukangurambaga bunini bwo kubohora Parasoanov, abo mukorana hirya no hino - guhatanira Imana, Bersolicu, Beterslicu, Besters Artesters Daster na Legeric na Legeters ya Legentary yasinyiye icyifuzo cya guverinoma y'Abasoviyeti. Ariko ntibyasubijwe.
Parasthahanov yasohotse, nyuma yimyaka 4. Byemezwa ko gutabara umwanditsi w'Ubufaransa Aragon, byakijijwe ku giti cye, ku giti cye cyabajije L. I. Brezhnev kurekura umuyobozi, agenda asaba umugore we Elz Tynole, mushiki we Lily Lily Bright.
Yerovan asohoka mu mwanzuro wo mu 1977, Sergei Iodifovich yatuye muri Tbilisi, yitabye Moscou, yari abujijwe. Ariko aracyajya mu murwa mukuru kugera ku mikorere Yuri Lubimov "Vladimir Vysotsky" mu Kwakira 1981, aho yongeye gufata, yanganguye guverinoma.
Ubucuruzi bushya, buhimba kuri Parajanov, yashinzwe ku kintu cya ruswa ku kazi. Muri Gashyantare 1982, Marta yongeye gushyirwa muri gereza ya Jeworujiya. Icyo gihe, gufatwa byateje ijwi rikomeye, na nyuma y'ubukangurambaga bukabije bwo kubohora umuyobozi, yarekuwe nyuma y'amezi 9. Amakuru menshi asaba ko mbere ya E. A. Shevarnadze yategetse Poetess Bella Ahmadulin.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ku nshuro ya mbere, Godzhanov yashakanye na VGIKA, mu 1951, mu rukundo rwinshi. Umuyobozi w'Umuyobozi Yabaye Umukobwa w'izina rya Tatar Nigar ukomoka i Moldava. Ariko iyi nkuru yarangiye biteye ubwoba: Namwer Nigar, amaze kumenya ko yashakanye nabashaka, asabwa kwishyura gucungurwa. Parasthahanov yizeye ko se azafasha, atanga amafaranga. Ariko yaranze, kubera ko Umwana atakomeje gukora ubucuruzi bwumuryango. Nanze guta umugabo no kujya kwa se nigar barumuna be bari munsi ya gari ya moshi.
Sradzhanov yatangaje gusa 1955 yahisemo kwikunda. Umugore wa Sergei Josefovich yabaye umukobwa w'imyaka 17 wa Dipolomane Svetlana Shricherbatyuk. Mu 1958, indirimbo y'indirimbo yavukiye mu bashakanye, nyuma yinjiye mu kigo cy'ubwubatsi. Kubana na "ubusazi bwa" umuhanga, "nkuko inshuti nyinshi zitwa Parajanov, byari bigoye cyane. Svetlana ntiyabishobora kandi mu 1961, abashakanye baratandukanye, ariko ubuzima bwabo bwose bwashyigikiye umubano mwiza.
Hariho ibihuha byinshi kubyerekeye ubuzima bwihariye bwumuyobozi uhindagurika. Kandi bose, bazi umwirondoro wibyasizwe ukomeye, birashobora kuba ukuri kandi ni ibinyoma.
Urupfu
Mu 1989, Sergey Pajanov yabonye kanseri y'ibihaha. Igikorwa muri Moscou nticyatsinzwe, Metastasis yagarutse. Muri Gicurasi, Sergey IodiFovich yagiye muri Paris kugirango avure, ariko byatinze.
Yapfuye ku munsi ugeze i Yerevan - ku ya 20 Nyakanga 1990. Mama yashyinguwe mu irimbi rya Yerovan - Ipantazi Pantheon Pantheon.
Filmography
- 1954 - "ANTRIS"
- 1958 - "Umusore wa mbere"
- 1961 - "Rapseine Rapseody"
- 1962 - "Indabyo ku Kibuye"
- 1964 - "Igicucu cya ba sogokuruza"
- 1968 - "Ibara rya Grenade"
- 1984 - "Umugani w'igihome cya Surarmal"
- 1988 - "Ashik-katib"