Ubuzima
Urupfu rwa John Kennedy rufatwa nk'amakuba menshi mu gihugu cya xx. Ku ya 22 Ugushyingo 1963, gutwara ibinyabiziga bifunguye binyuze mu mihanda ya Dallas, Texas, perezida wa 35 yarashwe. Umwe mu bayobozi gusa, cyangwa nk'uko Komisiyo abivuga, Warren, icyaha, ni ukumenya niba Harvey OsWald ari Umunyamerika wanga igihugu cye. Ibintu bifatika byerekana ko Oswald ashobora kuba umwicanyi cyane John Kennedy haba uwabanje umugambi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Lee Harvey Oswald yavutse ku ya 18 Ukwakira 1939 muri Orleans nshya, Louisiana. Padiri Robert Edward Lee Oswald Sr. Yapfuye azize umutima amezi 2 mbere yo kugaragara. Abana - Lee na Bavandimwe bakuru Robert Edward Lee na John Edward Peak - bagumye kwita kuri Mama Margarita Francis Claver. Yatanze abahungu batatu byagaragaye cyane: amezi 13 abahungu bamara mu kigo cy'imfubyi.
Mu 1944, umuryango wa Oswald wimukiye i Dallas, aho umwaka wa nyuma wagiye mu cyiciro cya 1. Abigisha baranze umuhungu nk '"gufungwa no gukaza umurego." Ikintu cya nyuma cyagaragaye cyane cyane mwishuri, cyagombaga guhindura inzego 12. Muri Kanama 1952, mama w'imyaka 12 yakubise nyina maze atera ubwoba umugore w'umuvandimwe wahumejwe n'icyuma.
Mu bwana, Oswald yakorewe ikizamini cyo mu mutwe, cyerekanye ibintu "indwara ya schizoid hamwe na schizoid ibiranga schizoid hamwe na pasiporo." Mu yandi magambo, kwerekana imbaraga za Lee byagerageje kwishyura amakosa ye: Yababajwe na Dyslexia - yahise asoma, ariko ntiyari azi kwandika.
Mu 1954, umuryango wasubiye muri Orleans nshya. Umwangavu ntabwo yarahawe impamyabumenyi ya 8 na 9, no mu 10 yishuri. Yakoraga nk'intumwa yo mu biro, ubutumwa. Muri Nyakanga 1956, Lee yafashe undi kugerageza kurangiza amashuri, ariko afite imyaka 17, areka ku bw'ingabo za Marine.
Serivisi ya gisirikare n'umwuga
Ku ya 24 Ukwakira 1956, Oswald yiyandikishije muri Marine Corps yo muri Amerika. Muri Komisiyo Warren (yashinzwe gukora iperereza ku iyicwa rya John Kennedy) Lee Incarake Umuvandimwe John Peak yavuze ko kugenda kw'ingabo ari impamvu yo kuva mu mutwe wa nyina.
Mu ikarita yawe bwite ya Oswald isanzwe, byerekana ko yapimaga kg 61 ifite uburebure bwa cm 173, itandukanijwe no guhagarika umutima. Yari afite "uruhushya rwo gutunganya ibikoresho by'ibanga, harimo ibanga" nk'umukoresha wa elegisiyo ishingiye kuri aviation.
Kimwe nabandi bafana, niba yashizeho ikizamini cyo kurasa. Igisubizo mu Kuboza 1956 zijyanye n'amanota 212, kiba kiri hejuru kuruta ibisabwa kuri snipers. Nyuma yimyaka 3, ibipimo bye bibi - amanota 191.
Intwaro yateje ibibazo bya Osvald mu gisirikare. Yabanje guhagarara imbere y'Urukiko, igihe yirukanye mu nkokora y'imbunda, itari igihagararo kuri Fuse. Umusore yemeje ko umwe mu basirikare bo mu gice cye yahamwe n'icyaha, kandi urugamba rwatakaye. Mu gihe cya 3, nta nzemera yirukanye mu mashyamba. Ku ya 11 Nzeri 1959, yeguye ku cyifuzo cye.
Oswald yashishikajwe n'ubukomunisiti, ubuzima muri Usssr no mu gisirikare batangiye kwiga Ikirusiya. Mu Kwakira 1959, umunyamerika yaje i Moscou maze ashyikirizwa ubwenegihugu. Gusaba byanze. Amakuru yashutse yagerageje kwiyahura.
Nyuma yiminsi 10 yamaze muri psychoryebnice, Oswald yajuririye ambasade y'Amerika i Moscou kureka ubwenegihugu bwabanyamerika. Yabwiye abadipolomate kubyerekeye serivisi kuri sitasiyo ya radar anasezeranya ko azamenyesha insss ko atari amakuru yingenzi. Igitekerezo nticyasigara kitareba: yaba atarirukanywe.
Umusore woherejwe muri mink kugirango ahindukire kuri Turner ku ruganda rwa elegitoroniki "rutagatifu". Umushahara we ufite ibihembo na premium ni amafaranga 700 - inshuro 5 kurenza umukozi wa sovieti. Oswald yatoranije inzu ifite ibikoresho mu nzu ikomeye kumuhanda. Kalinina (ubungubu - UL. Umukomunisiti). Ururimi rw'ikirusiya rwahuguwe na Stanislav Shanislav Shushkevich, Umuyobozi w'ejo hazaza wa Repubulika ya Biyelorusiya.
Muri Kamena 1962, Lee hamwe n'umugore we Marina Osswald n'umukobwa Jun yimukiye muri Amerika. Umuryango winjije hafi ya Dallas, muri "Quary Office". Inshuti magara yumunyamerika yari umwarimu George de Morainshild. Baganiriye ku bitekerezo by'Abakomunisiti n'impinduramatwara, bangaga igihugu batuyemo. Komisiyo ya Warren yasabye ko ibyo biganiro byasunitse mu mutwe kugerageza kwica Jenerali mukuru mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, Edwin Walker, anti-gikomunisiti.
Muri Werurwe 1963, Oswald munsi yizina A. Hidell yaguze imbunda na reverver. Ku ya 10 Mata, kuva kure ya 30 m, yishe hagati muri Edwin Walker yicaye ku meza. Amasasu yamenetse mu idirishya ry'uko yakijije umushinga w'ubuzima. Byafashwe ko Oswald yashakaga gutera ubwoba kugenda, kandi ntiyishe, kandi akemerera nkana.
Mu mezi yakurikiyeho, Osawald yayoboye politiki ikora ishyigikiye impinduramatwara ya Cuba, ntiyatsinzwe gucengera ikirwa kandi amaherezo yasubiye i Dallas. Yatuye ku gitabo cy'ishuri rya Texas, avuye mu idirishya ryiciwe na Perezida Kennedy.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Abagore bombi mubuzima bwite Lee Harvey Oswald ni Abarusiya. Kuva muri Kamena 1960, yari mu mibanire na mugenzi we muri "horizon" na Ella Herman. Mu ntangiriro za 1961, umusore yamuhaye ngo amubere umugore, yanze - ntabwo yakundaga niba atinya kurongora Umunyamerika. Byemezwa ko Herman yanze Oswald Kuri abimukira.
Muri Werurwe 1961, Lee yamenyereye Marina Nikolaevna Prusakova - umunyeshuri wimyaka 19. Abakunzi bamaze gushyingiranwa muri Mata uwo mwaka, maze ku ya 15 Gashyantare 1962 bari bafite umukobwa wa Joon.
Wararen umenyereye komisiyo yavuze ko Oswald yari afite ihohoterwa rikorerwa mu gihugu mu muryango. Abimukira b'Abarusiya babaga hafi ya Dallas bicujije umukobwa, bazanye ibiryo bye n'ibikinisho by'abana, ariko byarakaye cyane.
Ku ya 20 Ukwakira 1963, Lee na Marina bavutse umukobwa wa kabiri - Audrey.
Ubwicanyi John Kennedy
Inzira yo guhuza John Kennedy muri Dallas yari izwi mbere - inzira yatangiye iruhande rw'igitabo cy'ishuri rya Texan.
Ku ya 21 Ugushyingo, umunsi umwe mbere y'ubwicanyi, Oswald abaza Igisinganira, inshuti, kugira ngo amujugunye imbere - yagombaga kwihanganira ubuziraherezo mu nzu ya Marina kugera mu nzu yakuweho. Mu gitondo cyo ku ya 22 Ugushyingo, agasiga niba yavuye mu bashakanye $ 170 n'impeta y'ubukwe, kandi hamwe nawe wafashe igikapu kirekire, bivugwa ko ari ibigori. Ifatwa ko muri paki hari imbunda.
Charles atanga, mugenzi wawe Oswald, kuri Komisiyo Warabanbwiye ko yamubonye ku igorofa rya 6 ryo kubika ibitabo hafi ya 11:55 ku ya 22: 155 mbere yo kuzamuka kw'umujyi. Abandi bakozi bake babonye ku kazi kugeza ku ya 12:10. Kurasa kuri John Kennedy byakozwe saa 12:20.
Umwicanyi yakoze amafuti 3. Amasasu ya mbere yagurutse muri Portiusine ya Perezida, uwa kabiri yaguye hagati ya Kennedy na John Konnali, guverineri wa Texas, Umutware wa Texas, Kennedy yishwe - Ishoti yishimira urusengero. Nyuma, harembir Brennan, uhisi, yavuze ko nyuma y'isaha ya mbere abonye mu idirishya ry'ububiko bw'igitabo ku igorofa rya 6 ry'umuntu.
Osawalu yasabaga iminota imwe nigice kugirango yishyure imbunda mumasanduku hamwe nibitabo hanyuma usige ububiko bwibitabo. Ku igorofa ya 2, yihutira kujya mu bapolisi bashinzwe umutetsi wa Marrion maze umutwe w'icyumba Trulli.
Muri raporo, umutetsi yerekanye ko Oswald atasaga amakenga, afite ubwoba igihe imbunda izanwa. Lee avugana na polisi, Lee aragenda, hanyuma ava mu bubiko binyuze mu muryango w'imbere. Hafi ya 13:00 umusore yatwaye ibintu munzu yakuweho aragenda.
Icyerekezo cya Kennedy, cyakusanyije na Howard Brennan, cyafashije irondo risanzweho guhagarika ukekwaho icyaha. Iyo hantu hashyizwe mu modoka, niba reverver yatontomye ikakanda inshuro 4 kuri trigger.
Gutabwa muri yombi no gukora iperereza
Kugerageza kwihisha, Oswald, utishyuye, subira muri Texas Theatre. Twabonye iki gihure mububiko bukurikira cyasabye umugenzuzi w'ikinamico yo kuvugana na polisi. Umwicanyi yashakaga kurwanya imyenda yageze, yoherereza imbunda, ariko yambuye intwaro.
Ahagana 14h00 ku ya 22 Ugushyingo, Lite yagejejwe mu ishami rya Polisi rya Dallas. Kugeza mu 19h00, yashinjwaga urupfu rw'irondo rya Pato, kandi bukeye - nk'umunyamine washoboka John Kennedy. Abanyamakuru Oswald yagize ati:
"Ntabwo narashe umuntu uwo ari we wese. Bamfashe kuko nabaga muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti. "Ku ibazwa, Oswald yanze ko habaho imbunda. Mu bucuruzi, hari amafoto umusore afite imbunda mu kuboko kumwe, aboneka mu cyumba cyo kubika ibitabo, ikindi kinyamakuru. Ishusho yakozwe na Marina ikikije ku ya 31 Werurwe 1963. Lee yise aya mafoto "duck".
Komisiyo ya Warren yanzuye ko Oswald yarashe Perezida wenyine. Impamvu nyamukuru yitwa "urwango kuri societe y'Abanyamerika." 3% bya raporo bigizwe nimpapuro 888 zitarasohoka, zitera kugaragara kubindi bisobanuro. Abahanga bamwe bahamagara uwahohotewe umugambi mubisha, abandi bavuga ko umwicanyi atari wenyine.
Dukurikije iyindi verisiyo, John Kennedy yarashwe atari Oswald, ariko "impanga" kuri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti. Kugerageza ibitekerezo, hamwe n'umupfakazi mu 1981, umurambo warakozwe. Dukurikije amashusho y'amenyo no gutaka nyuma yo gufungura, byagaragaye ko Oswald yari mu mva.
Urupfu
Ku ya 24 Ugushyingo 1963, abapolisi bayoboye Oswald mu modoka yintwaro kugira ngo bamutangire muri gereza. Jack Ruby, nyir'ijoro rya nijoro muri Dallas, asohoka muri rubanda, maze arara muri Lee kuva hafi. Isasu ryaguye mu gifu.
Oswald muri leta itaziguye yajyanywe mu bitaro by'Urwibutso rwa Parland - kimwe aho John Kennedy yapfuye mbere y'iminsi ibiri. Umutima ureke kuza 13:07.
Jack Ruby yise ibikorwa bye byo "gukiza ubugingo Madamu Kennedy." Muri Werurwe 1964, yakatiwe urwo gupfa. Icyemezo cyaravuguruwe. Ruby yapfuye azize kanseri y'ibihaha mu 1967.
Umurambo wa Oswald washyinguwe ku ya 25 Ugushyingo yashyinguwe ku ya 25 Ugushyingo ahitwa Shannon Rose Hill Enterte. Imva yumwimerere yerekana izina ryuzuye n'amatariki yubuzima nurupfu. Ubu hari slabu ya granite ku mva hamwe na oswald yanditse.
Kwibuka
Amahano manini yigihugu ya Xx yabaye impamvu yo kurekura firime nibikorwa byubuhanzi, kandi niba Harvelw Osswald, nkuwakekwaho kuba yarapfuye ya John Kennedy, imico yabo.
Niba firime zerekeye ibyabaye abantu benshi, noneho ibitabo nibice. Stephen King mu gitabo gitangaje "11/22/63" (2011) avuga ibyerekeye umwarimu w'icyongereza Jake arahagurutse, ugenda kera kugira ngo yirinde iyicwa rya John Kennedy. Nubwo igitabo ari ibihimbano, ukuri kubyerekeranye na Lee Harvey Oswald ntabwo bigoreka. Igitabo gishingiye kuri mini-seri ya Jay Jay Jay Abrams. Mu ishusho y'umugizi wa nabi, Daniyeli Webber yaravuze.
Film
- 1964 - "Iminsi ine Ugushyingo"
- 1983 - "Kennedy"
- 1991 - "John F. Kennedy: Amafuti muri Dallas"
- 1995 - "Nixon"
- 2000 - "Umudamu wa mbere"
- 2007 - "Umuzimu Osswald"
- 2011 - "Clan Kennedy"
- 2013 - "Parcanend"
- 2016 - "Jackie"
- 2016 - "11/22/63"