Ubuzima
Mu bahagarariye inzu y'Ubwami ya Romanov, nta muntu utoroshye kuruta Peter Alekseevich - umwuzukuru wa Petero Jye n'umwami wa gatatu w'Uburusiya Jye n'umwami wa gatatu w'Uburusiya Jyewe. Yinjiye ku ntebe y'ubwami kandi arangije ubuzima, nta gihe cyo gukura. Ntabwo ari ngombwa rero kuvuga kubikorwa bikomeye nibisubizo byiremereye.Ubwana
Petero wa II yavukiye i St. Petersburg ku ya 12 Ukwakira 1715 kandi ni imbuto z'ubucuti bw'impanuka ya Trarevich Alexei Petrovich na Kronprprintress CharlotTcweig-DidlpprteTess Charlotchweig-Dinglyte. Ubukwe bwakozwe kugira ngo bushimangire amahuza ya diplomasi hagati y'Uburusiya, Ubudage na Otirishiya, bityo Petero natsimbaraye ku buryo.
Ntiyigeze ahuza umutima hagati y'abashakanye, ahubwo, mu Rwanda, ariko mu muryango wavukiye mu muryango. Mushiki wa Nataliya yari mukuru kurusha Petero. Abana bambere b'imfubyi: Mama yapfiriye umunsi wa cumi nyuma yo kuvuka kwa Thurevich, se yarokotse imyaka 3. Alexey Petrovich yashinjwaga kugerageza guhirika ubutegetsi, no mu 1718 yapfiriye mu gihome cya peteroli, ategereje ko igihano cy'urupfu.
Peter Alekseevich's RodDares wa Peter Jye na mushiki we Natalia. Uburere bw'ejo hazaza bw'umwami bwarakubiswe ku ruhande rw'ubuzima bwa se. Abadanyonyo basinze basinze mumwana waguye muri divayi kugirango birinde ibibazo bitari ngombwa.
Inyigisho za dipoloma n'imyitwarire ntizihuje na gahunda ya buri munsi y'umutware muto. Kugeza igihe runaka, Petero wa II ntabwo yafatwaga nk'umukandida ku ngoma, kuva Petero nigeze muri icyo gihe umuraro utavugaho, kandi ibyifuzo byose byemejwe na we.
Ariko, urupfu rw'abahungu bombi (hitamo Alexey mu 1718 na Petero muto muri 1719) ahatira Petero ibyiza cyane kwita ku mukuru. Umwami w'abami yategetse GENSHIkov kwishora mu gitwasi kinini, maze yifatanije n'abahungu bigisha: Imbuto ya Dyctery Maurine na Hongiriya Ivan Zeika. Imbuto z'akazi kabo zemeye umwami gusa, kuko nyuma yigihe yavumbuye umwuzuzo hamwe nubujiji bwuzuye, ntabwo bwasomye ibitabo, nta bitabo byavuze mu kirusiya, ariko yasubiwemo muri Tatari.
Peter II yakiriye umujyanama ukomeye usanzwe mu ntambwe y'ingoma: umudipolomate Andrei Ivanovich Osterman yazamutse kugira ngo yigishe ibitekerezo bya Carerevich. Ariko yahisemo guhinduranya inyigisho nimyidagaduro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwami wa gatatu w'Uburusiya asobanurwa n'abahanga mu by'amateka nk'agateganyo kandi akaba ari umusore umwe udatandukana mu mutwe ndetse nimpano zidasanzwe.
Gukora cyane no kwihangana k'umwami ntibyerekanye, kandi imyumvire mibi nko kwizizirwa ninzoga kandi idafite akamaro byari byoroshye. Abayo mugihe cyongeyeho ibintu nkibi, amayeri ndetse nubugome kubishushanyo byumwami.
Uzamure ku ntebe y'ubwami
Peter Napfuye mu 1925, ntashyiraho umusimbura, ariko ufite umwanya wo gufata icyemezo cyo kohereza intebe yahagaritswe gusa abaragwa bataziguye kumurongo wigitsina gabo. Gukoresha iburyo, igikomangoma Alexander Menshikov mubyukuri yahise yicara ku ntebe y'umwana we wari wanditse umwami w'abami - Catherine I.
Ariko, yari azi ntacyo bizenguruka uruziga ruzengurutse umusore Petero, dufata ko ubutegetsi bwe butari hafi yinguni. Amazina meza arushanirana uburenganzira bwo kuba indabyo, kandi bwa mbere mururwo rugamba buyobora igikomangoma cya Menshikov.
Ikigereranyo cya Sypersoisental cyabonye kuzamurwa mu Emoni kandi giteganya kuba umurukira n'umujyanama hamwe n'umusore wa II, igihe yihutira ku ntebe y'ubwami. Umuganwa yashyize ingufu zose kugira ngo ahire Ekaterina nasinyiye itegeko ryo kwimura intebe Petero wa II, ibyuya ku burenganzira bw'abakobwa be. Muri opposition, Menshikov yahagaze iyo kumenya uwasohoye igihano cy'urupfu na Papa Petero wa II, Alexey Petrovich. Velmazby yatinyaga kwihorera umwami uzaza.
Ku ya 6 Gicurasi 1727, Umutegetsi w'ikirenga yarapfuye, kandi w'imyaka 11 Petero wa II yabaye umutegetsi mushya. Umwami w'abami, ntabwo yafatwaga autocrat yuzuye kubera imyaka. Mubyukuri, urwego rubigenewe ni inama yinyamanjwa, nuwambere uyobowe na Peter Alekseyevich bwaba aribwo bwa mbere Menshikov, yavuzwe ko ari igikomangoma cyiza.
Ku ya 25 Gashyantare 1728, umuhango wo kwimika ya Peronation Peter wa II wabaye. Yari i Moscou, aho umwami w'abami yimukiye mu gikari cye.
Inteko Nyobozi
Petero wa II yari mu butegetsi mu gihe kitarenze imyaka 3. Mubyukuri, ubuyobozi bwigihugu bwabaye na Inetia. Kugirango ukomeze umurongo wa Peter Umukuru wabonetse gusa mumagambo gusa, ni yo yiganjemo ubutunzi, mu buryo bunini kandi arwana kugira ngo agire ingaruka ku mutegetsi ukiri muto.
Iki kirekire cya Menshikov cyarakomeje, nubwo yashoboye gushyiraho umugaba mukuru, naho abaje muri rusange w'ingoma y'Uburusiya. Kutishimira n'imbaraga ze zatavagejwe byegeranijwe, kandi ingoro yo kumenya yashakaga inzira zo gukuraho igikomangoma gikomeye.
Urufunguzo rw'umukozi ukiri muto urwara rwafashe ibikomangoma bya Dolgorukov: aba na mbere bazamuka ingoma zemeza umuhungu ko ingoma ikwiye gusa. Dolgokov yashishikarije ishyaka ry'umwami kwidagadura, ibyo atigeze arwanya, ahitamo guhiga no kurwana ibipfunsi n'imihangayiko ya leta.
Niba kandi i Menshikov, ivugurura ry'ikindi rikunzwe mu rwego rwa politiki yo mu rugo ryaremewe, nyuma yaho gato, abantu ba Leta bagiye kuri Samonek. Abanyamahanga basobanuye ko igihugu cyategetse akaduruvayo kashe n'ubusa, mugihe ntamuntu numwe witaye kubintu byose, kandi ibintu byose bikururwa gusa.
Mu gihe cy '"igihe cya Menshikovsky" cya Petro II, amategeko yashyizweho umukono, ibabarira imyenda mirahamwe ya Serf no guha imbabazi abantu bakorera imisoro. Yoroheje "INGINGO y'ibihano": byinshi byatewe n'imibiri y'abagizi ba nabi ntabwo byagaragaye ku iterabwoba rusange.
Ivugurura rya politiki rya politiki ry'amahanga ryibanze ku mibanire y'ubucuruzi: Ibicuruzwa byinshi byagabanijwe kandi igice cyakuweho hagamijwe kongera ibicuruzwa n'ibindi bihugu bityo, inyungu z'ikigega cya Leta.
Hamwe no kuza ku mbaraga za Dolgoruky kubyerekeye ivugurura kandi nagombaga kwibagirwa na gato. Muri kiriya gihe, ibibazo byashyizweho ahantu hose: ingabo n'amato byasenyutse, ibibazo byari ibibazo mu rusengero, ubujura, bwacitse intege, ndetse n'ibiza. Ibintu byonyine bifite icyubahiro cyabaye ku ngoma ya Petero wa II ni ukuzerekana inzitizi mu 1730.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bw'ejo hazaza bw'umwami w'abami bwagerageje gutunganya kuva mu myaka iriba.
Ikibazo cya Swarotia cyateye ibibazo kandi kigira uruhare runini mu kumenya mu nkambi. Guhuza amashyaka yose, Visi-Chancellor Osterman ndetse yatanzemwe kugirango abone amasarira Petero hamwe na Elizabeti Petrovna. Ntiyagize ipfunwe ku kuba se Elizabeti yari afite umuhungu afite nyirasenge. Kubwamahirwe, ibyemezo byitorero ntibyatanze intambwe nkiyi.
Alexander Menshikov ntabwo yari afite inzitizi za kanostanti kugirango bashyingirwe na Petero muto. Kubwibyo, nyuma yibyumweru bibiri bimazekire intebe, igikomangoma kiramutura murugo maze muri Kamena 1727 yunguka Mariya umukobwa we.
Mariya yari mukuru kurenza imyaka 5 agabanuka maze amwereka agasuzuguro. Kandi umwami w'imyaka 11 areba bose mu ijwi rye, ntashaka kurongora. Nyamara, ubukwe ntibubaye: rusange kandi bigatuma menya ubuyobozi kuri Menshikov, wagize aho Petero nagize imbaraga nimbaraga za Nta nkenge.
Itsinda ritavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi, aho abatware ba Dolgokov, Osterman hamwe n'Umwamikazi Elizabeti bashoboye gushiraho umutegetsi ukiri muto, kandi mu mbaraga za Menshikov bajyanywe mu bunyage muri Siberiya, bamaze gutakaza imitungo, babura kandi uburenganzira. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gusezerana na Maria yabuze imbaraga.
Ubundi buryo bwo kurongora umwami w'abami bwamuwegereye ibikomangoma bya Dodory. Ukuboza 1729, bungutse Petero II hamwe n'umwe mu bakobwa babo, igikomangoma catherine. Ubukwe bwashyizweho mu mpera za 17h030, ariko umusore ntiyatuye mu gihe cy'iminsi icumi.
Urupfu
Umwami w'abami PATER wa II ya 19 Mutarama wa kabiri, 1730, atabayeho n'imyaka 15. Impamvu y'urupfu yahindutse kwiyongera kw'ibicurane.
Umunsi ubanziriza, ku munsi mukuru w'umubatizo, parade n'ishami ry'ishami ry'amazi ku ruzi rwa Moscou. Umunsi wari ubukonje bukabije, kandi umwami ukiri muto yari akonje. Yatangiye umuriro ukomeye ndetse n'ubuswa, aho Petero yazengukiye kujya kwa mushiki we yakundaga, kandi icyo gihe nticyari kikiriho.
Urupfu rw'umutegetsi rwaherekejwe n'intege nke. Umuganwa Ivan Dolgokov, yandukuye intoki ya Petero, yanditse ubushake, akurikije intebe y'u Burusiya yarazwe mushiki we Catherine. Byari kumwe na we mbere gato y'urupfu umwami w'abami yasezeranye. Inama y'ibanga ntiyari igoye kwerekana ibinyoma.
Umusore yapfuye nijoro ku ngoro ya Moskofe. Peter I yashyinguwe muri Royal Necropolis ya Katedrali ya Arkhangelsk ya Moscou Kremlin.
Mu Burusiya, ibinyejana 16-18 byaranzwe n'imyambarire kubashutse. By'umwihariko yasobanuye ubuzima bwabamurika bapfuye bakiri bato. Iyi mpengamiro na peter wa II ntabwo yazengurutse. Igishushanyo mbonera kinyoma cyagaragaye nyuma yimyaka 20 Urupfu rw'Umwami, ariko rwashyizwe ahagaragara kandi ntirwabonye umwanya wo kuba umuntu ukomeye.