Ubuzima
Margaret Mitchell ni umwanditsi, icyamamare ku isi cyazanye igitabo "cyarashize n'umuyaga". Igitabo cyasohowe bwa mbere mu 1936. Yimuriwe mu ndimi zitandukanye kandi yongeraho inshuro zirenga 100. Akazi kakunze kwitwa "Igitabo cy'ikinyejana", kuko mu byamamare Umuroma no muri 2014 cyaruta izindi nyandiko zigurisha neza.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Margaret Mitchell yavutse ku ya 8 Ugushyingo 1900 muri Atlanta, Jeworujiya, mu muryango wizewe kandi wateye imbere. Yari umunyakorikori ku kimenyetso cya zodiac na Irilande n'ubwenegihugu. Abakurambere ba Mitchell mu murongo wa se wimukiye muri Amerika baturutse muri Irilande, kandi bene wabo bava nyina bimukiye mu mwanya mushya wo gutura mu Bufaransa. N'abandi n'abandi bakoreye amajyepfo mu gihe cy'intambara y'abenegihugu yo muri 1861-1865.
Umukobwa yari afite mukuru wanjye witwa Sitefano (Sitefano). Papa yakoraga nk'umwunganira kandi akora imirimo ijyanye n'umutungo utimukanwa. Eugene Mitchell yakoze umuryango wo kwinjira muri societe yo hejuru. Yagize amashuri meza, yari umuyobozi w'umuryango w'amateka y'imijyi ndetse no mu rubyiruko rwe yarose kuba umwanditsi. Yareze abana ku wubashye abakurambere n'ibyahise, akenshi bavuga ibyabaye mu ntambara y'abenegihugu.
Ntibishoboka gusuzugura imbaraga za nyina. Umunyeshuri kandi afite intego, yumvise umudamu w'indashyikirwa, wari mbere mu bihe. Maria Isabella yari mu bashinze ubukangurambaga bwo gutoranya uburenganzira bw'abagore kandi bari bagizwe n'ishyirahamwe Gatolika. Umugore yashizemo umukobwa we uburyohe kandi ategeka inzira nziza. Margaret yakunze sinema, ibitabo byo kumvikana, kugendagenda no kuzamuka ku biti. Nubwo umukobwa yitwaye neza muri societe kandi yarabyinnye neza.
Mu myaka yishuri, Mitchell yanditse ikinamico kubanyeshuri bakina ikinamico yabanyeshuri. Noneho, kuba umunyeshuri wa Seminari ya Washington, yitabiriye Philharmonic muri Atlanta. Agezeyo, aba Umuremyi n'umuyobozi w'ikibuga gitangaje. Usibye ikibazo cya Teatical, Margaret yashishikajwe n'itangazamakuru. Yari umwanditsi w'igitabo cy'umwaka w'ishuri "ibintu n'ibitekerezo" kandi agira umwanya wa perezida wa societe ya Washington.
Afite imyaka 18 ya Margaret Mitchell yahuye na Henry Clifford, ukomoka i New York imyaka 22. Kumenya byabaye ku kubyina kandi biha ibyiringiro byiterambere ryumubano, ariko Henry yagombaga kujya imbere kugirango yitabe intambara yintambara ya mbere yisi mu Bufaransa. Margaret yinjiye muri College Smith muri Norpempton, muri Massachusetts. Muri iki kigo cy'uburezi, yize psychologiya na filozofiya.
Mu 1918, Margaret yamenye urupfu rw'umukwe. Agahinda ke kabyegereye igihe amakuru yazaga ku kuba nyina yapfuye azize icyorezo cy'igicurane. Umukobwa yasubiye kuri Atlantisha kugira ngo afashe se, yabaye nyirabuja w'imitungo maze yizimya imiyoborere yabo. Muri biografiya ya mitchell, inkuru scarlett o'hara iragaragara. Margaret yari umugore ushize amanga, ushize amanga kandi uzi ubwenge. Mu 1922, yabaye umunyamakuru w'ikinyamakuru cya Atlanta, kuberako inyandiko yanditse.
Ibitabo
"Yogejwe" - Umuroma wazanye icyubahiro cya Margaret Mitchet. Mu 1926, umwanditsi amenagura akaguru areka gufatanya n'ikinyamakuru yakoraga. Yahumekewe n'umurimo wigenga, nubwo yabyanditse nta. Kuba mu majyepfo, Margaret yaremye igitabo kijyanye nibyabaye mu ntambara y'abenegihugu, kubisuzuma mubyerekeranye nabyo, ibintu bifatika.
Ariko Mitchell yitaye kubintu byamateka kandi yari ashingiye kubisobanuro ku masoko atandukanye. Ndetse yafashe ikiganiro n'abahoze ari abitabiriye imirwano. Nyuma yaho, umwanditsi yavuze ko inyuguti z'Igitabo zidafite prototypes nyayo. Ariko, kumenya ibiranga ibitekerezo byabanyabwenge, gusobanukirwa nimyitwarire nibiranga ibihe byihungabana bukomeye, izwi cyane psychoanalyse, Mitchell yatanze intwari nyamukuru yimico idasanzwe. Ikimenyetso cya Amerika nuwo mugore ntabwo ari imyitwarire myinshi.
Margaret yitonze yakoze igice cyose. Nk'uko umugani uvuga, uwambere yari afite itandukaniro 60 na plampt. Ukuri kwishimishije: Mu ikubitiro, umwanditsi yitwaga Pansy kandi mbere yo gutanga umunyamakuru wandikishijwe intoki, ahindura imitekerereze, akosora izina kuri Scarlett.
Igitabo cyasohoye umubwiriza McMilllan mu 1936. Umwaka umwe, Margaret Mitchell yabaye nyir'igihembo cya Pupirzer. Kuva ku minsi ya mbere, imibare yo kugurisha Abaroma pullek. Mu mezi 6 yambere, gukwirakwiza kuri miliyoni zirenga 1 byagurishijwe uyu munsi. Uyu munsi, igitabo cyagurishijwe ku gihumbi 250 ku mwaka. Akazi kahinduwe mu ndimi 27 kandi muri Amerika gusa rwasubiwemo inshuro zirenga 70.
Uburenganzira ku itegeko bwagurishijwe ibihumbi 50, kandi aya mafaranga yari inyandiko. Mu 1939, Visic Fleming Film kuri Mitchell y'Abaroma yarekuwe kuri ecran. Yakiriye statuet ya 8 "Oscar". Uruhare rwa Relta Billler yasohoye Clark gable, kandi scarlett yakinnye vivien Lee.
Umukinnyi washinzwe yashakaga uruhare runini mu myaka 2 kandi yemeza gusa ukora gusa wibukije Umuyobozi ukiri muto. Ibyamamare bya Scarlett byiyongereye nyuma yo kuzenguruka ya kaseti. Ku bubiko bwamaduka, abadamu 'bahanganye muburyo bw'intwari bagaragaye.
Margaret Mitchell yanze rwose gushyiraho igitabo. Byongeye kandi, yigishije nyuma y'urupfu rwo gusenya ibindi bikorwa byabo, ntibishoboka rero gukora BIBLIOGRAFIZWA YUZUGA. Niba gukomeza inkuru scarlett kandi ibaho, abasomyi ntibabizi. Izindi nyandiko ziri ku izina ry'umwanditsi ntabwo zatangajwe.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Margaret Mitchell yashakanye kabiri. Umugabo we wa mbere yari uwatanze inzoga atemewe, umugabo wumukara urava berrien kinard apsard apsude. Gukubita no gushinyagurira uwo mwashakanye byahaye umukobwa kumva ko yakoze amahitamo atari yo.
Mu 1925, Mitchell yaratandukanye, arongora John Marsha, umukozi wubwishingizi. Ifite amatsiko kubona urubyiruko rumenyerewe kuva 1921 kandi ruteganijwe gusezerana. Kavukire yabo yari imaze kumenyera, kandi umunsi w'ubukwe wasobanuwe. Ariko igikorwa cyihuse Margaret yamennye ubuzima bwe bwite.
John yashimangiye ko Margaret ava ku kazi k'umunyamakuru, maze umuryango utura ku muhanda wa Peach. Hariho uwahoze ari umunyamakuru atangira kwandika igitabo. Umugabo yerekanye ibitangaza byubudahemuka no kwihangana. Yibagiwe ishyari rye kandi yagabanije byimazeyo inyungu z'uwo mwashakanye. Urugendo rwemeje Margaret gufata ikaramu, ahubwo ni kunyurwa cye, kuko kuba umugore wo mu rugo, Mitchell akenshi yakunze kwiheba kubera kubura akazi gakomeye.
Gusoma byoroshye ibitekerezo bye byo kubaza byabuze. Mu 1926, Mitchell yakiriye umwanditsi w'ibyandikira uwo bashakanye. Yohana yashyigikiye umugore we muri byose. Gusubira ku kazi, yasomye ibikoresho byanditswe na we, afasha gutekereza kuri ploa na coropetike no kugongana, yatangijwe ku buryo butangizwa kandi yashakishaga amasoko yambere kugirango asobanure ibihe.
Igitabo cyo gutangaza igitabo cyazanye umwanditsi ku isi icyamamare, ariko icyubahiro cyaguye kuri Mitchell cyabaye umutwaro ukomeye. Ntiyashakaga kwitabwaho kandi ntanubwo yagiye muri premiere ya sinema ku gitabo cye. Margaret yatumiwe muri kaminuza kugira ngo asome ibiganiro, amafoto ye yagaragaye ahantu hose, kandi abanyamakuru basabwe no gusaba ikiganiro.
Inshingano muri iki gihe, John Marsh yafashe. Umugabo wumwanditsi yashyigikiye inzandiko n'ababwiriza kandi igenzurwa n'ibibazo by'imari. Yiyeguriye umugore we kwiyitabira. Uwo mwashakanye yavuze ko rero igitabo "kidashira n'umuyaga" cyatangiye umugabo ukundwa Margaret Mitchell.
Urupfu
Margaret yapfuye ku ya 16 Kanama 1949. Impamvu y'urupfu yari impanuka yo mu muhanda. Yarashwe mu modoka, atwara umushoferi wasinze. Kubera iyo mpanuka, umwanditsi atigeze ahura nubwenge. Umugore yashyinguwe i Atlanta, iri irimbi rya Oakland. Uwo bashakanye Margaret Mitchell yabayeho nyuma y'urupfu rwe imyaka 3.
Kwibuka umwanditsi, amagambo menshi yagumye, filime "icyifuzo cyaka: inkuru ya Margaret Mitchell", isobanura ubuzima bw'umugore, ifoto, ikiganiro n'igitabo kidapfa.
Mu 1991, Alexandre yeze yasohoye igitabo cyitwa Scarlett, wabaye gukomeza kwihatira "kwambarwa n'umuyaga". Ikiganiro cyizina cyateye imbere gishimishije mubikorwa bya Margaret Mitchell.
Amagambo
"Ntabwo nzabitekerezaho uyu munsi, nzabitekereza ejo" "Iyo umugore adashobora kurira, biteye ubwoba" "" Gutandukanya cyangwa umunezero, cyangwa kumena "Bibliografiya
- 1936 - "Yagiye kumuyaga"