Ubuzima
Vesily Polenov nimwe mu bakinnyi bakuru b'Abarusiya bo mu kinyejana cya XIX. Umuhanzi yibutse societe nk'amatungo yoroshye, abayoboke b'ubukristo. Ifoto ye ya "Kristo n'Umunyabyaha" na Sosiyete yabaye igice cy'ikusanyijwe ku giti cye cy'Umwami Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexandre ya Alexander III, kandi igikona cya Moscou cyabaye nk '"imiterere yimbitse".Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Vicily Dmitrievich Polenov yavutse ku ya 20 Gicurasi (1 Kamena mu buryo bushya) bwo 1844 i St. Petersburg. Uwo muhungu we ukwizera impanga mushiki yabaye imfura ya matongo ikirangirire Dmitry Vasilyevich na umuhanzi, abana umwanditsi Maria Alekseevna Waikova. Mu muryango, abandi bana batatu bararezwe: 1848. R.), Alexey (1849. R.), Elena (1850.). Umuvandimwe Alegizandere yapfuye akiri muto.
Maria Alekseevna, wasezeranye mu gushushanya iyobowe na Karl BryUllov, yakundaga gushushanya amashusho. Ndashimira ibi, abo mu gihe umenye uburyo Polenov yarebaga mu bwana.
Abana barera mu muryango uhanga. Nyirakuru Vera Nikolaevna Warikova yari azi amateka yikirusiya rwose, yakundaga imivugo yigihugu n'imigani. Abuzukuru bakunze kunyura mu karere ke mu karere ka Tambov. Mu mujyi wabo, bari bategereje amarushanwa mu buhanzi bwo gushushanya, guhimba, n'ibindi ku mirimo myiza, nyirakuru yahaye imidari y'akore urugo.
Ababyeyi kandi bashyigikiye ibirungo byabana, bahawe akazi abarimu bazwi kuva mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi, urugero, Pavel Chistyakov. Nyuma yaho, Vmitile Dmitrievich yatsinze mu nzego nyaburanga, kandi mushiki we Elena yabaye umwe mu bagore ba mbere - abizera bo mu bitabo by'abana.
Polenov hakiri kare yifuzaga canvas kandi yari agiye gukurikiza ishuri ry'ubuhanzi, ariko ababyeyi bashimangiraga kubona uburezi "bukomeye". Mu 1861-1863, umusore yahawe ubumenyi rusange muri olonets y'imikino ngororamubiri y'abagabo b'intara muri Perrozavodsk, yacuruzwaga na siyansi nyayo muri kaminuza ya St. Raters ya Imperiard.
Mu gihe cye cy'ubusa, igihe cyo gusura amasomo ya Polenov mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi, cyize kudashushanya gusa, ahubwo nanone anatomy, yakorewe geometrie, biologiya. Hano, umuhanzi uzaza kandi yahishuye impano yumuziki: Yaririmbaga muri korari, ahimbanonwa ku piyano, yari ankorera. Nyuma yaho, mu 1906, Premtiere ya "abazimu bakomeye ba Malegon" yabereye kuri Convervatory.
Nyuma yo kurangiza umunyeshuri ufite imidari ya feza ku mashusho ye mu 1867, Alma Mater atavuye muri Polenov, ariko yinjira mu ishami ry'amategeko. Nyuma yimyaka 5, yarwanije neza inyigisho ze kumutwe "kumugaragaro yubuhanzi muburyo bwabwo mubukorikori".
Gushushanya
Mu 1867, Polenov yafashe nyirakuru ukundwa kwizera Nikolaevna kuri canvas, kandi iki gishushanyo cyabaye umurimo wa mbere w'umwanditsi.
Ukuri gushimishije: Mu bihe byinshi byavuzwe ko mu 1869 Umuhanzi yakiriye umudari muto wa zahabu ku mirimo yo gushushanya "imirimo n'incuti ze." Mubyukuri, akazi ni uwumunyeshuri twiganaga ya Polenov, gushushanya icyamamare Ilya resink. Vmitle Dmitrievich yakiriye igihembo cya mbere cyo guhanga - umudari munini wa zahabu - mu 1871 kuri canvas "Kristo umukobwa wa Yayiri".
Ku mpano zigaragarira, Polenov na Renin boherejwe kwimenyereza umwuga. Nubwo afite imyaka - imyaka 27, Vmitile Dmitrievich ntishobora guhitamo ubwoko bwo kwitangira. Kubera guhumekwa, yagiye mu ndangangu, kuvugana na ba shebuja w'ikaramu: Carlo Pilote, Gabriel Max, Arnold Becklin, Hans Makartu.
Mu kwimenyerezaga ku myaka 6, ahantu nyaburanga yavutse "ifarashi yera. Normandy "(1874)," Ahantu nyaburanga Umutaliyani hamwe n'abahinzi "(1874)," Abbey muri Redton "(1876), igishushanyo cya" ifatwa rya "ifatwa rya Hungene, umuyobozi w'ikirere" (1875), muri 1876 yatanze ipeti ry'ubuhanzi bwo kwiga.
Mu gusura Vienne, Munich, imigi ishaje yo mu Butaliyani n'Ubufaransa, mu 1876 umuhanzi yasubiye mu Burusiya akoresheje icyerekezo gisobanutse cyinzira yo guhanga.
"Nagerageje kugerageza ivuka ryose ryo gushushanya: amateka, imiterere, marina, ishusho yumutwe, amashusho yinyamanswa, aje hafi yimpano gusa, niho Uzakora. "- Yanditse muri Diary ya Polenov.
Gukora ibihanga ako kanya ukihagera cyane ntabwo ufite igihe - Ikirusiya-Turukiya yatangiye. Icyakora, amakamyo ya leta, yumvise ibyarangije amashuri makuru y'ubuhanzi, yatumiye Polenov gufata umwanya w'umuhanzi wemewe ku butegetsi bwa Alexandre wa III.
Amahano y'intambara, shebuja w'ikaramu yimuwe mu bushake bwa muntu, no ku mpapuro - ibishushanyo bye by'imbere byacapishijwe mu kinyamakuru "Bee". Byinshi bya Polenov yishyuye ahantu nyaburanga. Mugihe cyo guhangana ningoma yikirusiya na Ottoman "na" Moscou Dvokiya "(1878), nyuma yintambara -" kuvanga kuva kera. (1879).
Igishushanyo "Moskovsky Dvorik" gifatwa nkimwe mubizwi cyane mubikorwa bya Polenov. Yigaruriye ubuzima bw'abaturage hagati y'umunsi w'izuba: Umugore akurura rocker, abana bakina mu byatsi, kandi ifarashi yarangije irarisha. Inyuma yinyuma - amazu yaguye, ariko abanyembaraga bakijijwe mumusenyi. Abakorana muri Polenov ku bukorikori batangaga canvas ku bwoko butandukanye - "ahantu nyaburanga".
Mu ntangiriro ya 1880, nyaburanga y'iburasirazuba n'impamvu za Bibiliya zagaragaye mu murimo wa DICTRIEVIY. Muri icyo gihe cya biografiya, umuhanzi yatwaye uruzitiro rw'ubukristo: Constantinople, Palesitine, Siriya. Mu nzira, amashusho yavutse "Betelehemu", "mu busitani bw'ubusitani bw'Abanazareti", "Inkomoko ya Bimpis i Nazareti" (1882).
Muri icyo gihe, Polenov yatangiye kwandika umwenda wa Epoch "Kristo n'Umunyabyaha". Igishushanyo cy'urupapuro "Kristo n'Umunyabyaha" (Irindi zina - "Ninde udafite icyaha?") Yagaragaye muri Polenov akurikira abantu "ibintu bya Kristo ku bantu" Alexander Ivanova. Umuhanzi yashakaga kwereka Yesu, utagaragara gusa, ariko abari mu balayiki.
Kora ku kazi zakozwe igihe kirekire, kandi niba atari byo mushiki wa Twin Vmicievich, biragoye - gupfa, kwizera kwarangije ifoto no gukora imiterere ye ikomeye. Igishushanyo cya mbere cyamateka ya buri munsi cya Kristo cyagaragaye muri 1870, nakazi kanyuma - mu 1888.
"Kristo n'Umunyabyaha" babonaga gushidikanya, abagenzuzi ndetse banga kureka canbis muri imurikagurisha. Alexander wa III yabonye ishusho yo gukusanya kwe, n'aho Umwami w'abami ku muhanzi yahise ahindura igitekerezo cy'isosiyete.
Ibibanza mu Ntara ya Tula, ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Okey, waguze amafaranga. Nyuma hano yubatswe na Boror Manor. Reba, ifungura mumadirishya yimitungo, yari ashingiye ku nkike "zahabu yizuba", "kwishimisha. Impeshyi ku munwa hafi ya Tatuza "," Chapel ku nkombe za Oka "(1893).
Mu myaka ya za 1900, umuhanzi yakusanyije ibikoresho by'urwego rwa mbere kandi rwonyine rw'amashusho "kuva mu buzima bwa Kristo." Imurikagurisha ryabaye mu 1909 ryatsinze cyane kandi iteka ryose rishyiraho izina rya Polenov kurutonde rwabapfunyika ryiza mugihe cyacu.
Ishusho yanyuma ya vasily dmitrievich "Oka. Steamer "Vladimir", yahinduwe mu ruvumo "yagarutse kugeza 1920.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mubuzima bwite bwa Polenovil Polenov yari umugore umwe gusa - Natalia Vasilyevna YakllenNna, Umukobwa wa Moscou umucuruzi. Yabaye umugore wumuhanzi mu 1882.
6 Abana bavukiye mu bashakanye. Imfura Folor, yagaragaye mu 1884, ntabwo yabaga imyaka ibiri. Dmitry (1886 r.), Catherine (1887 p.), Maria (1891, R.), Olga (1894) na Natalia (1898.).
Urupfu
Urupfu rwa Vmitrievich Polenov ku mwaka wa 83 w'ibyutse, ku ya 18 Nyakanga 1927, mu isambu ya BARZ. Yashyinguwe ku irimbi ryo mu cyaro ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Oka. Dukurikije ubushake bwa nyuma bwa nyakwigendera ku mva, umusaraba wa Olonetsky washyizweho.
Nyuma yo kuva mu buzima, umurage wa Polenov ukomeza kubaho. Ubu Urwibutso rwa Leta Urwibutso rw'amateka n'ubuhanzi na kamere ya burundu V. D. Polenova iherereye ubu mu isambu ya Borz. Imitwe yikigo igihe cyose yari bene wabo b'abahanzi.
Gushushanya
- 1867 - "Ishusho yo Kwizera kwa Nikolaevna kubasirikare"
- 1873 - "Birch na Fern"
- 1874 - "ifarashi yera. Normandy "
- 1874 - "Urusyo muri Völet. Normandy "
- 1875 - "Guhobera Hugeot Janon de Montebel, Umubare D'Tremon"
- 1877 - "Moskovsky Dvorike"
- 1878 - "Ubusitani bwa Babushkin"
- 1879 - "Indwara Izima"
- 1882 - "Betelehemu"
- 1888 - "Kristo n'Umunyabyaha"
- 1891 - "Urubura rwambere"
- 1896-1909 - "Ubwenge bukeye bwaho"
- 1908 - "Ninde muri mwe nta cyaha?"