Amateka y'inyuguti
Umurage w'ubuvanganzo, wasize abakomoka kuri Alegizandere Nikolaevich Ostrovsky, uyu munsi akora ishingiro ry'ibitabo bya kera. "Inkuba" ni ikinamico, kimwe n'izindi nyandiko z'ayakinayi, ishyira ibibazo by'ingenzi by'imyitwarire imbere ya rubanda. Igikorwa gitera imbere kizengurutse imico nyamukuru, Katerina, ubudahemuka bwe kandi ubuhemu buhinduka igisitaza mubuzima bwumuryango.Amateka yo Kurema
Ikinamico yitwa "inkuba" yasohotse munsi y'ibaba ry'ikibuga mu 1859. Yerekanye rubanda umurimo, agaruka ava mu rugendo ku murongo. Dukurikije ibitabo, Alexander Klykov yabaye prototype yimico nyamukuru. Umukobwa utazwi yarangije ubuzima bwo kwiyahura, asunika umukinyi wibitekerezo kubyerekeye umugambi mubisha. Ubuzima bwayo n'amakimbirane hagati y'ibisekuruza bya "ba se n'abana" byafashwe na Ostrovsky muri byose. Aba nyuma babaye umurongo mumateka yintwari nyayo nimiterere yimpimbano.
Imvugo ifite amababa "urumuri rw'ubwami bwijimye", ruranga Katerina, ari urwa NIKOLAOY Alexandrovich Dobrolyubov. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, umusizi yasobanuye ukuri k'Uburusiya - ubuzima bw'umucuruzi, bwagombaga kwishora intwari nyamukuru yikinamico. Ostrovsky irwanya intangiriro nziza imbere ya Katerina "Ubwami bwijimye." Izina ry'umurimo risobanura ko umukino wangiza ibyiyumvo bifite intwari yahuye n'ikibazo, mu gihe cyo gukandamiza ubwoba, urukundo ruteye ubwoba n'amarangamutima ahindura imyumvire y'ubuzima.
Intwari yari mu kirere gikabije cyo gutura mu Ntara, aho igisekuru cya "ba se" gifite ibikoresho byo guharanira inyungu kandi bya kashe yiganje. Umwanya mu nzu Katerina yaguye nyuma y'ubukwe, yasabye kwicisha bugufi, imyifatire iyubashye, guceceka no kwihangana. Ubwenge nubwenge busanzwe wateje imbere Kulibin, kandi ubuziranenge bwumwuka bwa Kiateririya kuri iyi si bwariho, kandi bwanze. Urupfu rwa Vinine rwabaye kubohora.
Iherezo ryintwari rirababaje. Irungu, kubura inyungu zabantu babaho byamuteye kuriri. Kugaragara k'umugabo bitera kumva ko imico ye idakora hamwe nabatuye Kalinov mubi mumico. Illusion iyo mico yimiterere yumushinga ishobora guhura nibitekerezo bye, asunika intwari kubikorwa, atategura ubuzima mbere yubukwe.
Umukobwa wijimye, ntabwo yiteguye kwihanganira elega imenyerewe mumuryango wa Kabanov, yahise amenyekana vuba. Ibiranga ishema, intwari ikomeye kandi yihebye isa n'ibisobanuro bya Tatiana Larina, bihutira kwinjira hanze kandi byanze bizima. Gukomera kwimiterere intwari ntabwo byahindutse no mubihe bigoye ubuzima, byatumye habaho icyemezo cyica. Urupfu rwa Katerina rwabaye kubwo gutabarwa nisi yanga.
Umugambi
Igikorwa cyo gukina kiboneka mumujyi wa Kalinov, giherereye ku nkombe za Volga. Ikiguzi gishinzwe ikinyejana cya 19, kandi hagati mubyabaye bizimya umukobwa ufite umutima wunvikana hamwe nimico myiza - Katerina Kabanova. Haguruka washakanye n'umugabo udakunzwe, Tikon, Katerina arashinze inzu ye, ateka Kabaniha, umukecuru w'imyumvire ya kishaje. Hafi kandi yo kumvira Tikhon ntabwo yigeze iharanira uwo mwashakanye, mu gihe nyirabukwe ntabwo yahaye umukazana w'ubuzima butuje.
Umwuka mushya mubuzima bwumukobwa wazanye umusore wazaga koga nyirarume, umucuruzi wishyamba, kuva kumurwa mukuru. Katerina yinjiramo ibyiyumvo bishyushye kandi yumva uburyo umwanya we ufite ibyiringiro. Umunsi umwe, Tikhon yavuye muri Kalinov mu byumweru bibiri, kandi uyu mwanya ashyiraho mushiki we, kugirira impuhwe muri Katerina. Ategura inama yumukobwa ufite boris kugirango asobanure umubano. Mu rukundo, birashoboka kumara wenyine nijoro, kugeza igihe bitasubijwe na Tikhon.
Katerina afite icyifuzo cyo gukundwa no kwicuza umutimanama, amutera ubwoba bijyanye nubuhemu bwabaye. Azana ubuki umugabo we na nyirabukwe. Tikhon arashaka gutanga ibitekerezo, ariko Kananikha yigometse. Boris amababi imyaka itatu kuri Siberiya, asobanukiwe na nyirarume munsi yiterabwoba ryo kwanga umurage. Ntashaka kujyana na Katerina, atinya nyirarume uburakari. Katerina mu kwiheba yihutira kujya ku rutare kugera ku ruzi no kurohama. Tikhon, wagerageje kumukiza, asigaye kureba urupfu rw'umugore we kubera gusenya Cabani havani havani, bizashinja ibyago.
Uwahohotewe cyangwa uwatsinze Katerina muriyi nkuru - abantu bose bahisemo. Ariko umurava we, imbaraga zo kubuza n'icyubahiro umukobwa bahuye nicyiciro cyubuzima, birakwiye kubahiriza. Imyitwarire ye ku rukundo, icyubahiro n'ubupfura bituma udashidikanya ku kwera k'ubugingo bwe. Kwiyoroshya k'ubuzima, gusunika intwari kugeza ubuhemu no kwiyahura, ni urwitwazo rwarwo. Umukobwa, kuba umukirisitu wa orotodogisi, yagiye kwiyahura nkana, atwara icyaha imbere yImana kandi atatinya ikariro ryayo. Yahamagariye sosiyete kandi yemerwa muri rusange imigenzo.
Gukingira
Ibikorwa bitangaje ntibikoreshwa mugutekereza kuri ecran nini. Bifite akamaro ku miterere y'ibihano, kubera ko amategeko yo gusobanura no guhuza ibihangano azatandukana. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, igihe cinema itaragira umubare uhagije wo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, abayobozi bahisemo imirimo y'abanditsi bakomeye no ku makinamico.
Bwa mbere, "inkuba" zahujwe mu 1912 kuri Studio ya Filime ya Pate ya Pate. Vera Pashmann yahinduye katerina Kabanov murugero. Ku myaka 25, akora yakinnye muri kinokortin ebyiri ku rukinizo rwa Ostrovsky: "Inkuba" na "mukungugu".
Mu 1933, abateze amatwi Abasoviyeti babonye film Vladimir pettrov. Alla Tarasova yakinnye uruhara runini rwabagore. Mu 1934, ifoto yatsinzwe igihembo mu munsi mukuru wa firime muri Venise. Kubera amateka menshi ya peripetia, kaseti yazimiye hafi, ariko yashoboye kuyigarura mu 1965.
Mu 1977, Felix Gleyamshin na Boris Babochem bashyikirije TV rusange usibye "inkuba", yabaye abakera b'inema y'Abasoviyeti, bafata amashusho ya sinema y'Abasoviyeti, bafata amashusho ashingiye ku mirimo y'imihani. Uruhare rwa Kiterina Kabanova rwakinnye Lydibila Shcherbinin.