Ubuzima
Richard Strauss ni Uwahimbye Ubudage, imvugo ye yabaye igisubizo ku buzima bwa sosiyete 19-20. Umwe mu bagize Umuziki uzwi cyane mu Budage, yashyizwe mu bikorwa nk'umucuranzi n'umuyobora. Uburakari bwubahwa mubuzima, icyubahiro kiherekeza izina ryawe kandi uyu munsi ukemera imirimo idapfa.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Richard Strauss yavutse ku ya 11 Kamena 1864 i Munich. Se wa Richard yari ibisubizo by'imiryango yashoboye kugera ku kumenyekana n'imyanya ndabikoze ku mpano z'umufana. Yabaye umwigisha wa mbere w'Umwana. Nyina w'umuhungu yari umukobwa w'umurimo ukize kandi na we yari aremezwa kandi afite umuziki. Mu muryango we harimo abahanzi ba opera.
Mu myaka 4, Richard yatangiye amasomo kuri piyano, naho 6 yari azi ko birengagije. Muri iki gihe harimo ibikorwa byambere uburenganzira. Strauss Jr. yashimye umuziki, yiganye ashimishijwe kandi akora ibinezeza. Ubuhanga Data wasaga bwakuga urubyiruko rugeze rugera, kandi yashakaga inzira nshya.
Kumyaka 10, umuhungu yumvise bwa mbere ibikorwa byumuziki bya Richard Wagner. Strauss yatsinze uko imyumvire nuburyo bwa opera. Muri ibyo, ntiyigeze ahuza na Se, wasuzumye umurimo wo kurwara hasi. Papa yabujije umuhungu we kumva uyu muziki. Richard yashoboye kwiga inyandiko za Tristan na ISOldasi, gusa kuba umuntu mukuru.
Mu myitozo ya orchestre y'urukiko, Strauss-Jr. Yize Igitekerezo cy'umuziki n'inteko bitewe n'uburyo bwa Data. Byongeye kandi, yakoraga urugo kandi yiga amasomo ya Gymnasium. Hanyuma, muri kaminuza ya Munich, uwahimbye ejo hazaza azirikana amateka yubuhanzi na filozofiya.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe umupaka wa Arifer yatanze amasomo yukuri yubwumvikane kandi asobanura isesengura ryimiterere. Mu kwitabira orchestre ya Amateur, Richard yagerageje ubumenyi mubikorwa kandi arema abayiriza abahinyiye. Impano ye yari igaragara neza ko nta mpamvu yo kwinjira muri konserwatori.
Umuziki
Igikorwa cyo hakiri kare cyaranzwe nurugero rwurukundo ruciriritse. Impano yo gutangira umwanditsi yashimye abanenga umuziki, abahanzi n'abayobora. Hans Background Bulove yakoze umukandara hamwe numusimbuye, washinzwe umuyobozi wurukiko rwa orchestre y'urukiko ya Duke ya Saxen-maivensky. Ariko yakuwe ku mugari rusange, maze Richard ava mu mujyi, aharanira ibyo amenyereye.
Yatsinze umwanya wa 3 Kapelmerister muri Munich Cound Opera. Ubushakashatsi bwa muzika bwateje imbere ibitekerezo bya fymonic byatewe n'urugendo mu Butaliyani, maze mu 1886 imirimo yo "kuva mu Butaliyani" yavutse.
Nyuma yimyaka 3 nka Minisitiri w'Ikinamico y'urukiko wa Wampima, Strauss yanditse mu gihe ugereranije n'igisigo cy'ibihembo Don Juan, byatanzwe mu 1889. Ibigize strauss byari bifite intsinzi itangaje. Richard yari afite imyaka 25, ubuzima bwe bwo guhanga bwatangiye gushinga, kandi isi ya muzika yari isanzwe yiteguye kuyitanga.
Igikorwa gikurikira gikurikira nicyo cya macbeth opera. Abakenguzamateka babonaga ko banywaga, se avuga cyane ku nyandiko z'Umwana w'Umwana, asaba guhindura ibikoresho. Kurenza urugero no kurenza urugero byangije impression. Ariko imitekerereze yabisobanuye muri yogifite igihare abumva. Amahano ya Shakespeare, impagarara nindambano muri opera melody.
Mu 1889, abaturage bamenyereye "urupfu no kumurikirwa", byasobanuye intege nke z'abantu n'imyumvire y'impinduka. Akazi kera ubwoba bw'impinduka, guherekeza guhindura inyubako ya leta kandi ntigifite uburenganzira bw'ejo hazaza.
Mu 1893, Strauss yerekeje ku baturage ikinamico ya muzika "guntram". Kandi mu myaka ya 1895 yerekanaga abari aho "abacuruzi beza ba Tila Ulenshipigel", byeguriwe inshuti Arthur nzagenda. Igikorwa cyiminota 15 cyo kunegura cyaranzwe nibyiza murwego rwibihe byumwanditsi. Gukina gato bigizwe nibice 27 bijyanye nubuzima nibitekerezo byintwari yubuvanganzo.
1896A yararanzwe no kurekura "rero bavugaga Zaratustra." Zaynal yagize uruhare mu gukora ku musizi wa muzika. Kubera impanuka yishimye, yabaye imyifatire yingengabitekerezo, atanga inshuti ya Nietzsche.
Igisigo cya Symphonic kigizwe nibice 9 ukurikije imitwe yigitabo byabaye urugero rwiza rwurukundo rwubudage. Imigenzo yakozwe muri Premiere i Frankfurt kandi iyobora abanenga n'abateranye. Mu 1904, yanditse "Syshony yo mu rugo", yaranzwe no kurangiza imirimo ku muyoboro w'iyi ntera.
Mu 1905, Sarah Bernard Strauss yanditse ikinamico ku gikinisho cya Oscar cya Wilde Salome. Imyaka imwe nigice yari ikeneye gutya kugirango ukore kuri simfoni. Premiere yabaye agasuzuguro. Eroticism ikabije, itandukaniro rigaragaza kandi ryerekana ahantu haremye Apothesis ikikije akazi.
Ikidage cya Puritan gifite ikibazo cyemeye inyandiko ya strauss. Abahanzi banze gukina. Hanyuma akurikira "Electra". Imirimo ibiri yatangiye urugendo mu Burayi, buhoro buhoro yinjira mu mikino itandukanye.
Richard yatangiye gukora cyane nkuyobora kandi yakiriye inyandiko muri Orchestre y'urukiko ya Berlin. Yahise ashyirwaho n'Umuyobozi wa Muzika ya Opera y'urukiko rwa Berlin. Iminsi mikuru yumuziki iyobowe na Strauss yabereye mumijyi itandukanye y'Ubudage. Ovator yaje kubisaba. Yafashwe ashyushye mu ruzinduko, kandi abumva muri Amerika amezi 2 "bashimuswe" umuyobozi, watanze ibitaramo 35 muri Amerika.
Umuhanzi wingufu kandi ukora cyane yashyizeho Kavalera Rose muri 1911. Yakurikije amategeko mashya, inyandiko za muzika kuri chori na orchestre. Uburakari bwateye hamwe na Tour w'Uburayi, Amerika maze mu 1913 bwageze mu Burusiya. Muri icyo gihe, yamaze gukora kuri "Alpine Syshony", wabonye urumuri mu 1915 i Berlin. Indirimbo ye ifatwa nkimwe mubintu bizwi cyane mumuziki wa kera.
Uwahimbye yakoranye na Hugo Amavu n'amavuko Hoffmanstim ku kazi ku "mugore udafite igicucu". Premiere ya Opera yarabaye mu 1919. Muri icyo gihe, Richard Strauss yakiriye ubutumire bwo kuba umuyobozi w'inzu ya Vienne Opera, aho yakoraga mu myaka 5 iri imbere. Yaremye ballet na operas.
Mu gihe kitoroshye guhindura gahunda za politiki, Strauss yamye yagumye wenyine. Yumvise ameze n'abantu kandi amusubiza umuziki. Utabonye ibibazo, uwahimbye ntabwo yaretse gukora, kwandika urukundo na opera.
Kurokoka cyane urupfu rwa Korofmanstal, umucuranzi yashakaga umukunzi mushya amubona muri Stefan Tswaig. Ariko ubutegetsi bwa Hitler ntabwo yemeye ibikorwa byumwanditsi. Uburakari ntibyarangiye no gutukwa kwa mugenzi we, maze araseka.
Uwahimbye yakoraga muburyo bworoshye, umuziki we wuzuye ibyiza nubuzima. Umwanditsi w'ikirere ni uw'imyaka izwi cyane "Don Quixote", "ubuzima bw'intwari" na Suite "promannism mu bunyagitori". Uwahimbye urwenya yavuze ko guhanga kwe, kwiyita "igihe cya kabiri".
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Richard Strauss yujuje urukundo rwe mu 1887, avuga umuyobozi wa Gental na Gretel Opera. Mu forlation, umuhanzi powlina Maria de Ana, aho uwahimbye atitaye. Yavuganaga na Patron we, yasabye Umuhanzi mu Ishyaka muri Operaram Opera.
Powelina afite imico igoye. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mu 1894 ubukwe bwe hamwe na Richard Strauss yabaye. Gushyingirwa byari biherekejwe n'urukosizi byatewe n'umugore we. Strauss yishimiye ubuzima bwe bwite kandi akomeza kwihanganira ingorane ze. Nyuma yo gutongana n'umugore we, yakunze gusura inkingi, nuko afatwa na Paulina mu muse. Kuri we, umwanditsi yanditse indirimbo nke, yatangaye umuhanzi ku cyamamare cy'icyamamare. Ariko ibi ntibyagabanije impengamiro ya Pousan kugirango igaha umugabo we kandi itegure amashusho.
Nubwo umubano utoroshye, abashakanye babyaranye. Mu 1896, umuragwa kuri wahimbwe Franz araravuka. Isura ye yitangiye "Syshony yo murugo".
Ariko umuhungu ukunda ntiyagabanije impamyabumenyi yo gutura gushyushye kwa pawlin. Yahise ahita asubiza umugabo we, amunenga mu ruhame, yerekanaga imico idahwitse muri sosiyete kandi akomeza kugira uruhare rukomeye. Kwiyuhagira kuyongereye ntibyamwitayeho, nubwo yabaye igitambo gishyushye.
Amaze kubona inyandiko ku bibazo byatangiye umubano w'umugabo we ku ruhande, umuririmbyi yarahuze. Nyuma yibyo, umukanda ntibabana numuntu, kuko ubuzima bwe bwose bwakundaga umugore umwe kandi akomeza kwitangira imirimo ye.
Urupfu
Richard Strauss yabayeho igihe kirekire. Urupfu rwamusanze mu mwaka wa 86. Uwahimbye yari afite intege nke n'ibyatsi. Umurambo we wari washaje cyane kubera umurimo wacyo ushyaka. Akenshi reka tumenye ubwabo intege nke n'umutima urwaye. Rimwe na rimwe, gukomera no gutakaza neza imitekerereze. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'uwahimbye bwahindutse ibisanzwe kubera imyaka ye. Azeri 1949 yarapfuye.
Ikintu cyamatsiko kijyanye nizina ryukuri. Bikunze gufatwa kuri mwene wabo w'undi wahimbye, Johann Strauss, wahimbye Walzis yanditse. Ariko ibintu bishimishije kuba abahanzi babiri bihuje ni inyungu z'Abanazi hamwe no kuhagera kwa Adolf.
Imirimo ya muzika
- 1887 - "Kuva mu Butaliyani"
- 1889 - "Don Juan"
- 1890 - "Macbeth"
- 1895 - "Amayeri meza ya Tila Ulenenspigal"
- 1896 - "Noneho yavuze Zaratustra"
- 1898 - "Don Quixote"
- 1904 - "URUGO RWA SYHONY"
- 1905 - "Salome"
- 1909 - "HOOLETRA"
- 1911 - Kavaler Roses
- 1928 - "Elena Misiri"
- 1935 - "Umugore ucecetse"
- 1938 - "Umunsi w'isi"