Ubuzima
Gerald Darrell yari umugabo wanditse ku nkombe nziza hamwe nubuturo bwabo nta majigi. Bitewe n'ibitabo bye, miliyoni z'abana ndetse n'abantu bakuru bamenye ibihugu bidasanzwe no mu matungo yabo. Kandi kubera umwanditsi atandukanye agomba kugashyikirizwa abatuye Corfu, kuko ikirwa cyageze ku majyambere ndakoze "trilogy" Ikigereki ".Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Gerald Malcolm Darrell yavutse ku ya 7 Mutarama 1925 mu mujyi wa Jamyadepur wo mu Buhinde. Umuhungu aba umwana wa 5 mu muryango wa Louise Dixie na Lawrence Darrell - mukuru. Jerry yari afite abavandimwe 2 bakuru, Leslie na Larry, ndetse na mushikiwabo Margaret. Undi mushiki wanjye yapfuye mbere yuko Gerald avuka, akiri muto.
Ubwana bwumwanditsi w'ejo hazaza bwanyuze mubuhinde. Se wa Jerry yari injeniyeri y'Ubwongereza, kandi akazi kahaye umuryango w'ibyiringiro n'umwanya. Umuhungu w'isi ashishikajwe no kwizirika kw'abakunzi, undi mu myaka 2, na Louise bavuga ko Zoo (Zoo) yabaye umwe mu magambo ye ya mbere.
Mu 1928, barindwi bagize igihombo - Lawrence Darrell yarapfuye, umuryango wimukiye mu Bwongereza. Ubuzima bwo mu Bwongereza Darrelev bwataye uburyo bwo kuryoherwa, nuko bafungiweyo igihe gito. Mu 1935, Louise Darrell yahisemo kwimukira ku kirwa cya Corfu, akurikiza urugero rw'umuhungu w'imfura. Nyuma yimyaka myinshi, tubikesha iki cyemezo, abasomyi bahawe kimwe mu bitabo byiza bya Gerald "umuryango wanjye n'andi matungo."
Kuri icyo kirwa, kure y'imyitwarire izwi cyane yo mu Bwongereza n'ikirere gikonje, inyungu za zoologiya y'umuhungu amaherezo zakosowe. "Umuryango wanjye n'andi matungo" ntabwo buri gihe urimo ibintu neza ku buzima bw'imyororoke mu kirwa cya Kigereki, ariko Jerry 'yifuza guhindura inzu mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bukabije.
Nyina wa Gerald ntiyagarukiye - umuhungu yari umuryango wakundaga kandi yari afite umudendezo utagira imipaka, harimo uburezi bwa kera. Wige umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza wagerageje mu Buhinde, no mu Bwongereza, ariko imiterere y'ishuri ntabwo yari iyawe. Abarimu babonaga ko Jerry yamugaye kandi ari ibicucu, umuhungu aburanishwa no kwirinda gusura amasomo.
Abarimu benshi na bo basobanuye muri Corfu, na bo basobanuye mu "muryango wanjye ...". Muri bo harimo umuganga w'Abagereki n'umuhanga Theodore Stefanidez, utari umujyanama gusa, ahubwo yanagize inshuti magara ya Gerald. Uburezi bwa Sisitemu ya Darrell bwuzuye ntibwigeze bwakirwa ko, mu nzira, ntabwo yamubujije kuba umwarimu w'icyubahiro muri kaminuza nyinshi.
Mu 1939, igihe cya Corfu cyarangiye, Louise, Jerry na Leslie bahatiwe gusubira mu Bwongereza - Intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose yatangiye, kandi uko ubukungu bw'umuryango bwahungabanye cyane. Mu 1943, igihe kizaza cyagombaga guhamagarwa mu gisirikare, ariko umusirikare wa Gerald ntabwo yagenze - umudamu udakira wa nos no kuba inyangamugayo.
Igihe Komisiyo yashinzwe, umupolisi yabajije Jerry, niba ashaka kurwana. Yarasubije mubyukuri ibyo oya. Hanyuma umupolisi abaza ikibazo cya kabiri ati: "Uri ikigwari?", Na Darrell, bibasubiza bishimishije. Kandi igitero cyohereje umuhanga mu gihugu, bidakwiriye ubuzima, kumenya ko ubutwari bukeneye kwiziza ikigwari.
Gerald yakoraga mu iduka ry'amatungo, aga nyuma y'intambara yabaye umufasha (cyangwa, akurikije imvugo ye, "umuhungu wo mu Busobetse") muri zoo ya Wipstore. Duhereye kuri iyi ngingo, kubara ubuzima bwe nkumushakashatsi wisi yinyamanswa yatangiye.
Urugendo, ibitabo na firime
Gerald yateguye urugendo rwa mbere mu busore bwe, ku ya 21, akimara kwinjira mu burenganzira bwo kuzungura. Amafaranga yavuye mu bushake bwa se, Darrell yashora imari muri Kameruni na Guyanani. Ingendo zombi zatunganijwe ibyabaye kuri Jerry, ariko bimaze kunanirwa mubukungu. Mu ntangiriro ya 1950, Abaganga bari mu bihe bitandukanye by'ubukungu kandi usibye abashomeri.
Noneho, utegera inama umuvandimwe mukuru Lawrence, Gerald yatangiye kwandika. Inkuru yambere yo "guhiga igikeri cyubusa" yakunze abasomyi kandi bazana uwanditse. Ubu bufasha bwamafaranga bwahwemye Darrell yicara cyane ku mashini yacapwe, maze mu 1952, ashingiye ku bushakashatsi bwa Kameruni, yanditse igitabo cyuzuye "inkuge zirenze". Abasomyi n'abanegura bafashe akazi banezerewe, kandi abaranzi bakurikiye bakurikiranye Gerald kugirango bategure urugendo muri Amerika yepfo mu 1954.
Uru rugendo rushobora kurangira mu buryo buteye ubwoba: Bafite ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare muri Paraguay, kandi Adamu bakomeje gutoroka byihutirwa mu gihugu, basiga byinshi mu cyegeranyo. Ibyerekeye uru rugendo no kubona ibintu byihariye bya Darrell mu 1955 byanditse mu gitabo "munsi y'isi y'ishyamba ryasinze".
Nyuma ya Paraguay, Gerald yagarutse muri CORFU. Iruhukire ku kirwa cyakanguye abana kwibuka abana, maze mu 1956 yanditse igitabo "umuryango wanjye n'andi matungo." Muri yo, umwanditsi mu buryo bwe busekeje bwanduye yavuze ku myaka y'ubuzima muri CorFu, yize inkuru ziva mu buzima bwa Fauna na Flora.
Inkuru yaje kuba imirimo yatsinze Gerald, yahinduwe mu ndimi nyinshi kandi irasubirwamo inshuro nyinshi. Nyuma yaho, yakomeje "Ikigereki", ariko cyangwa nta "nyoni, inyamaswa n'abavandimwe" cyangwa "ubusitani bw'Imana" ntabwo yari atsinze.
Kandi na none amafaranga yo kwandika yahaye Darrell amahirwe yo kujya mu rugendo - mu 1957, Umuganga yagiye muri Kameruni mu gihe cya 3. Intego ya Jerld yabaye inyamaswa kuri zoo ye. Icyakora, umwanditsi asubira mu gihugu cye, umwanditsi yagonganye n'abayobozi yanze, kubera inyamaswa zabayeho yavutse igihe runaka, mu Nama ya Margaret Darrell. Ibi bintu byabaye impamvu yo kwandika igitabo "Zoo mu mizigo yanjye."
Zoo ku kirwa cya Jersey, wabaye ubucuruzi bw'ubuzima bwa Gerald, yashoboye gufungura gusa mu mpeshyi yo mu 1959. Mu myaka myinshi, uru rubanza rwatanze ubushobozi butemewe, nubwo Darrell yashyize uburyo bwose muri yo. Ariko rero, umwanditsi ntiyahagaritse.
Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, ingendo nyinshi yihaye gukusanya inyamaswa zo muri pariki, ishimangira amoko adasanzwe kandi akabangamiye - Gerald yumvise ko muri ubu buryo gusa bashobora kubakiza kuzimangana kwuzuye. Mugihe kizaza, Zoo yaranze intangiriro yo kurema amafaranga menshi yo kubungabunga inyamaswa zo mu gasozi zibaho kugeza na nubu.
Nubwo Darrell yavuze ko Darrell mu bitabo yari akunze kuvugurura cyane, inkuru ye n'inkuru zerekeye inyamaswa zagenze neza nk'ibitabo by'abana. Ariko igitabo "kivuga icyaha" muburyo budasanzwe bwa fantasy gerald yanditse byumwihariko abana. Iyi nkuru yarapimwe nyuma - Yakuweho na karato.
Hariho amafoto menshi mu rugendo, ariko gufata amashusho ya kamere yabaye ikindi cyerekezo. Intsinzi yo gushushanya "Bafut hamwe nimbwa" yashyizeho intangiriro yubufatanye bwa Gerald na BBC, hanyuma nyuma ya firime ifasha gukurura amafaranga kubidukikije.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Naho ubuzima bwite, Gerald Darrell yari Hedonist: usibye inyamaswa, yakundaga kunywa, ibiryo biryoshye nabagore beza. Mu bashakanye, umwanditsi yari afite kabiri, ariko ntiyabyara abana.Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoJackie Walfhenden aba umugore wa mbere w'umwanditsi, umukobwa wa Materi ya Manchester, aho Gerald yahagaze. Se w'umukobwa yarwanyaga gushyingirwa, no mu 1951 mu rukundo, kurongora, byabaye ngombwa ko ahunga. Jackie Jackie na Gerald bataye imyaka 28, ariko kubwibyo, umugore yari ananiwe mu businzi bw'umugabo we no kuba atarigeze muri zoo.
Ubutaha, umwanditsi yashakanye mu 1979 ku musore wa Wilson. Habayeho itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yabashakanye: Mugihe cyubukwe, Gerald yari afite imyaka 54, cyangwa - 30. Nubwo bimeze bityo, ubukwe bwaje kwishima no gupfa ku rupfu rwa Darrell.
Urupfu
Mu mpera z'ubuzima bwa Darrell yari umuntu urwaye cyane. Ibi byatejwe imbere ninzoga no kunywa itabi (umwijima wose hari ukuntu byari bimwe muri uko byagenda kose). Kugira ngo Gerald yahagaritse kunywa ntashobora no kujya mu bitaro: abashyitsi benshi babonye uburyo bwo kuzana umwanditsi w'inzoga.
Arumeriste yateje imbere CirRhose, kandi icyarimwe yavumbuye ikibyimba mu mwijima. Gerald yakoze ibintu, ariko yatinze gato urupfu. Kubera koherezwa mu mbakwa Darrell yemeye imiti yemewe, ubudahangarwa bukabije kugirango umwijima utanze ibinyabuzima. Kubera iyo mpamvu, byatumye habaho iterambere ryandura no kwandura amaraso. Gerald Malcolm Darrell yapfuye ku ya 30 Mutarama 1995 muri Jersey, icyateye urupfu rw'umwanditsi yabaye sepsis. Umubiri, ukurikije ubushake, watwitswe, kandi ukanda ivu ryashyinguwe muri pario ya jersey.
Bibliografiya
- 1953 - "Isanduku irenga"
- 1955 - "Munsi yigituba cyamashyamba yasinze"
- 1956 - "Umuryango wanjye n'andi matungo"
- 1960 - "Zoo mu mizigo yanjye"
- 1961 - "Isuka ku nkombe"
- 1966 - "Inzira ya Kechanka" / "Babiri Mu gihuru"
- 1968 - "Rosie - bene wacu"
- 1969 - "Inyoni, inyamaswa n'abavandimwe"
- 1974 - "Kuvuga Byuzuye"
- 1977 - "Zahabu Weldows n'inuma bijimye"
- 1978 - "Ubusitani bw'imana"
- 1982 - "Abakundana na mudasobwa"
- 1990 - "Isabukuru y'Isanduku"
- 1991 - "Mama ku itangwa"
- 1992 - "AY-AH NA MBONA"
Filmography
- 1957 - "i Bafut hamwe no guhiga"
- 1958 - "Reba"
- 1962 - "Inuma mu gihuru"
- 1965 - "Mfata Colobus"
- 1982 - "inkuge mu nzira"
- 1984 - "Darrell mu Burusiya"
- 1990 - "Ku kirwa cya Aye-aye"