Ubuzima
Kuri Pleadi yabahimbye Nkuru y'Abarusiya, hamwe na Mikhail Glinka n'abagize, mug "mu buryo bukomeye" umushyitsi wa Opera "w'umushyitsi wa Opera". Kuba uwashinze ukuri kwa muzika, Rurema yasize inyuma imirimo myinshi, ntabwo yagereranijwe mubuzima. Umurage we urimo piyano, inyandiko za orchestre n'ijwi, uzwi cyane mu rukundo rw'imirongo A. S. G. C. S. Grenkin "Nagukunze" n'indirimbo Uruziga ".Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Alexander Sergeevich Dagomyzhsky yagaragaye muri imwe mumidugudu ya Tula ku ya 14 Gashyantare 1813. Abashakashatsi bo mu biografiya bataragera ku gitekerezo kimwe ku mpamvu nyayo yo kuvuka. Birashoboka cyane ko hypothesise imizi ya Alexandre yari aryamye mu mudugudu wa Veskresensky, wari mu karere ka Kijyi w'ingoma y'Uburusiya, hafi y'umujyi wa mobile wa none.
Alexandra se, Sergey Nikolaevich, yari ukomoka mu buryo butemewe n'umutunzi nyir'ubutaka A. P. Ladyzhensky. Ndashimira Coloneli N. I. Bogucarov, yakiriye neza kandi akora muri Banki y'ubucuruzi iyobowe na Minisiteri y'imari.
Mama Maria Borisovna Kozlovskaya yavuye mubwoko bw'igikomango gikize, yakorewe ku matungo mu ntara ya Smolensk na Tula. Bitandukanye n'ubushake bw'ababyeyi, yabaye umugore w'umukozi woroheje kandi yaje gukorwa ku mucyo w'abana batandatu.
Ubwanyo bw'ejo hazaza bwanyuze mu isambu ya Kolenonovo, amateka y'umuryango wa Kozlovsky, hanyuma se yahawe umwanya mu biro bya Metropolitan, maze umuryango wimukira i St. Petersburg. Ngaho, Sasha w'imyaka 7 y'amavuko yatangiye kwiga gucuranga piyano ashishikajwe no kwandika. Umwarimu wa mbere wa Louise VolGeeGeahw yashishikarije ubushakashatsi buhebushakashatsi bw'umuhungu, kugeza ku myaka 10 kurenza umwanditsi w'ikisamico.
Ariko, ababyeyi n'abarimu bagejejejwe neza bari mu byo yaremye mu mucuranzi wa Novice kandi bahisemo ibikoresho byo gucuranga, bamenyeshe ibitabo n'amajwi. Ubufatanye n'abarimu na Adrianilevsky, Franz Schoberchner na Benedigito croibig, bayoboye ibitaramo by'ubugiraneza, aho Alegizandere yakoze nk'umupfumu na finateri.
Mu 1827, umusore Dagomyzhsky yinjiye mu biro by'urukiko atuma ingamba za mbere mubuzima bwigenga bwigenga.
Umuziki
Inzira yo guhanga ya Sexander Sergeevich yatangiye gukundana nahinkher MIKHAIL Ivanovich Glinka. Umwanditsi wa Opera uzwi witwa "Ubuzima kuri Tsar" asangiye numusore ubumenyi bwubumenyi bwungutse mu Budage, kandi afasha kumva ibintu bidahwitse byo kwandika ku rugero rw'imirimo y'abakozi b'amahanga.Ahumekewe niyi itumanaho, Dagomyzhsky yatangiye gusura opera metropolitan, aho umuziki wanditswe nabataliyani wumvikanye imyitozo yimikorere ya Glinka. Mu mpera z'imyaka 1830, yatwite kugira ngo areme opera ye ashingiye ku mateka ya Victoria ", ariko nyuma y'ishusho ya mbere, nasanze ibikoresho ari bibi ku bijyanye n'imyitwarire y'ibikoresho na volcal.
Hanyuma, ukurikije inama z'umusizi, Alexander Zhukovsky, Alexandre, yagejeje ijambo ku bundi buryo bw'umufaransa kandi, akoresheje libretto y'umwirondoro ya "Katedrali ya Nyina w'Imana", atangira guhimba nyina wa Paris. "Esmeralda". Kugeza mu 1841, amashyaka ya orchestre yari yiteguye, naho Dagomyzhsky ashyikiriza umurimo w'ubuyobozi bw'amakinamico y'ibwami.
Kumyaka itari mike, inoti zari umunebwe udafite ikibazo, ariko mu 1847 Premiere yo gukora yabereye i Moscou. Kubwamahirwe, icyifuzo cy'umwanditsi cya Dacomyzhsky nticyabonye isubiramo ryiza, kandi "Esmelda" we bidatinze yazimiwe muri gahunda nyuma ntigaragara.
Gutenguha uwahinguye uwahimbye gukusanya ibyamamare byimirimo yumujyanama we Glinka. Kandi kuva by'agateganyo mu nyandiko, Alexandre Sergeevich yatangiye gutoza abagore b'icyubahiro abandi bateranira urukundo n'indirimbo. Muri icyo gihe niho mu mirimo ya Dagomyzhsky, "abababaye", "umubabaro", Roma, "Urubyiruko na virusi" na "Imyaka cumi n'itandatu" yagaragaye.
Ubundi buryo bwizerwa bwo kurokoka kwa mbere bwari urugendo rwo hanze, aho uwanditse Esmedalda yahuye n'abashinzwe uburayi n'abacuranzi by Charlel Berio, Henri Vietyani, Gaetano Dyzetti n'abandi.
Amaze gusubira mu Burusiya mu 1848, umwanditsi yahisemo gukomeza ubushakashatsi bufite uburyo bunini kandi butangira gukora "Mermaid", ishingiye ku byago by'imivugo ya Sergeevich. Abagenzi ba rubanda bashimishijwe cyane na Dagomyzhsky ko, hamwe n'umurimo w'ingenzi, yanditse "" Melnik "," abasazi, batishimye ", bafashe umukobwa" bafashe umwanya wihariye mu murage w'Uburusiya n'Umurage w'Uburusiya.
Mu 1855, "Mermaid" yarangiye kandi nyuma yigihe gito ashyikirizwa rubanda. Iki gihe umuhanga wa Uwahimbye: Opera yamaze kugarura ibice byinshi kandi yabaye ingingo yimpapuro nyinshi ziri mu kinyamakuru "Ikinyamakuru Umuziki" ". Igishimishije ni uko Dacomyzhsky yigenga igizwe na Libretto kumurimo kandi, nyuma yisaha ya funkin, yahimbye iherezo ryamakuba adashira mumirongo.
Imirimo ikurikira ya Seleander Sergeyevich yabaye ibidashoboka "," inkoko ya Ukraine "," Fathon Fantasy ". Bagize uruhare muri Mia wa Balakirev na Vladimir Stasov, nyuma y'abanyamuryango ba Mug "ukuboko gukomeye" babaye abanyamuryango.
Mu myaka ya 1860, tubikesha abo tuziranye, utangira gutsimbataza ubwoko bw'urukundo rw'urugo, ni izihe ngero zifatika zayo zirimo imirimo ya "Umujyanama utangaje", "Umujyanama w'imyaka" ". Muri icyo gihe, mu rundi rugendo rwo mu Burayi rwafashwe, aho abacuranzi b'abanyamahanga babanje gukora inyandiko nyinshi z'ibikoresho bya Dacomyzhsky.
Muri urwo rugendo, Alexander Sergeevich ntabwo yaretse gutekereza ku mwuga we kandi ko yakoraga ubushakashatsi ku mugambi wa opera nshya. Ibitekerezo byambere byari gahunda za muzika zumuvumo wa pushkin "poltava" no kwidagadura kurwego rwimigani ya kera yikirusiya ya Rogdan. Ariko, iyi gahunda ntabwo yari iteganijwe kubahirizwa, kandi icyegeranyo cyibishushanyo cyitwa "MAZEPA" hamwe numubare munini kandi korali na choraline bwagumye kuri bo.
Nkigisubizo, gutoranya uwahimbye kumurimo wa Joshkin ", washyizwe mubisigo bizwi byitwa" ibyago bike ", ariko akazi ntirwagiye kubera ikibazo gikurikira kijyanye nibibazo bikurikira bifitanye isano nibidasanzwe ya posita ya operative ya opera "mermaid". Byongeye kandi, umurimo wanditse mbere "kwizihiza Vakha" nacyo ntabwo byagenze neza.
Ndashimira gusa uruhare mu buzima bw'umuryango w'Abarusiya w'Uburusiya no kwemeza isubiramo rya bagenzi b'abanyamahanga, Dagomyzhsky aracyafata "Umushyitsi w'ububalare" kandi ashoboye kwandika ibintu byinshi bya muzika.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ibibazo byo guhanga, igihe kinini gikurikiranwa nuwahimbye, kigaragarira mubuzima bwe bwite. Nta mugore, cyangwa abana, Alexander Sergeevich yamaze igihe cye cyubusa mu mutungo wa Tvenovo hafi ya Sverinovo hafi ya Smolensk, habaye inspiration ya robine, akazi na opera.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Mama mu 1852, Dargomyzhsky yiherereye abahinzi bo mu gihome, aha isambu nyirubwite babayeho kandi bakora. Imyitwarire nkiyi yari idasanzwe muburusiya bwa XIX ikinyejana, kandi abo mu gihe batangiye guhamagara uwahimbye nyir'ubutaka bwa muntu.
Ariko, inzu ya Kozlovsky yagumye gutunga Sergeevich, kandi kugeza 1864, irungu ry'umwanditsi "Mermaid" yabajije se ugeze mu za bukuru. Iherezo rya nyuma ryakubiswe cyane umucuranzi amaherezo kandi ryatesheje agaciro ibikorwa bye byo guhanga.
Urupfu
Mu rugendo rw'amahanga, 1864-1865 Dargomyzhsky yararwaye na Rheumatism. Yatangiye kuranga indangagaciro ze bwite, yakomeje kwishora mubikorwa bya muzika nibikorwa. Mu ntangiriro za 1868, ukomoka muri Alexander Sergeevich yarushijeho kwinubira, atangira kwinubira kutamererwa neza mu rwego rw'umutima ndetse no kuzenguruka nabi amaraso, byahindutse ku rupfu ruhoraho.Ikirangantego cyurupfu, uwahimbye yakoze ubushake, ukurikije sezari Antontovich Kyui na Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsoakov yari akwiye kurangiza Opera "umushyitsi wamabuye" no gutegura amashyaka gukomeza gutera imbere.
Abakozi ba bagenzi bemeye gusohoza ubushake bwa nyuma bwa Dagomyzhsky, mu nyenga y'ubugingo, bizeye ko batitaye ku ya 5 Mutarama 1969, Alexandre Sergeevich yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye. Ibinyamakuru byabwiye umuryango ibihome bidafite aho bihuriye, no gushyingura ku ya 9 Mutarama, abahagarariye intambara zose zo guhanga Mutagatifu bateraniye. Isanduku hamwe n'umurambo wa nyakwigendera ku gitekerezo cya Tikhvinsky, Alexander Nevsky Lavra, bene wabo n'abavandimwe batwarwa mu maboko.
Nyuma gato yo gushyingura Pavel Mikhaiahich Tretyokov yategetse Umuhanzi Kontantin Makovskys ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky ya Dagomyzhsky, yabaye imwe mu mashusho ya mbere y'umuco uzwi cyane n'Umugani.
Akazi
- 1830 - "Bolero"
- 1830 - "Guhinduka ku ngingo y'Uburusiya"
- 1830 - "Brilliant Waltz"
- 1838-1841 - Esmeralda
- 1843-1848 - "Kwizihiza Vakha"
- 1845 - "Batakerkaya Waltz"
- 1848-1855 - "Mermaid"
- 1850s - "Fantasy ku ngingo zo muri Opera Glinka" Ubuzima ku Mwami "
- 1860 - "MazopA"
- 1860-1867 - "Rogdan"
- 1865 - "Agace gato"
- 1866-1869 - "Umushyitsi w'abashyitsi"