Ubuzima
Umwanditsi w'Ubuyapani kobo Abe yari azwi cyane mu mashuri yitonze "umugore wo mu mucanga", "agasanduku k" "mu maso habaye. Imirimo y'umwanditsi wakoraga mu gice cya kabiri cy'Ikinyejana cya makumyabiri, yavumbuye umusomyi w'iburengerazuba isi yihariye yubuvanganzo izuba riva. Inyandiko z'Ubuyapani ntizitwa kwizita: Bakemurwa mu mitekerereze y'ubwenge no kuzamura ibibazo bya filozofiya by'umuntu ku isi, bakabona ibisobanuro byo kubaho no gusobanukirwa ubwabo no gusobanukirwa.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Classic y'ibitabo by'Abayapani byavutse mu 1924 mu majyaruguru ya Tokiyo, mu karere k'Ubushinwa. Mu rurimi rwe kavukire, izina ry'umwanditsi ryumvikana nka Kimifusi, kandi kobo ni imvugo yo mu bushinwa. Ubwana Abewe rwanyuze mu Bwami bwo Hagati: I Mukden, intara ya Manchuriya, umuhungu yize ku ishuri kugeza 1940. Se w'umwana yakoraga imiti muri kaminuza yuyu mujyi. Umuco wo mu Buyapani w'umusore watangiye kwifatanya igihe yagarukaga i Tokiyo kurangiza amashuri ya Sage. Hanyuma urangije gufata icyemezo cyo kujya mu kirenge cya Data kandi abona umwuga wa muganga muri kaminuza.
Turashobora kuvugwa ko umusore yiyongereye mumwanya wimico itandukanye: Ingaruka itaziguye yubushinwa, aho yari atuye, yuzuzwa ningaruka zo kuva mubitabo byisi, inyungu kobo yaguhaye ubuzima. Igitekerezo gikomeye cyatanzwe nuwa kera cyane hamwe n "" ibibazo byangiritse "byo kubaho no gushakisha ibisobanuro byubuzima. Abakenguzamateka babonye inshuro nyinshi ingaruka za Federi Dosor Dorusky na Nikolai Gool bari bafite ibyabo ku murimo w'umwanditsi w'Ubuyapani.
Kuba yarize muri kaminuza imyaka 3, umusore agaruka i Manchuria kandi hano mu 1946 yita kuri Data. Hariho igihe kitoroshye mugihe umuryango ugumye udafite umutunganya, nyamara umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza asubizwa muri kaminuza akakira impamyabumenyi ya muganga mu 1948. Ariko, umwihariko Kobo Abenga ntabwo akora umunsi uwo ari wo wose. Igihe yari akiri umunyeshuri, umusore atangira ubuzima bwo guhanga, kurenganya icyegeranyo "ibisigo bitazwi."
Ibitabo
Umaze kwandika ibisigo bya filozofiya bikiri mu rubyiruko, umwanditsi nyuma gato yahindutse. Kandi ntabwo byafashwe kubwinkuru nkabanditsi bashya benshi, ariko bahita bashya. Mu 1947, kobo irangiza igitabo "Inkuta z'ibumba" - Amateka y'Intwari, yafashwe umwanzuro wo guca ihuza ryose, ariko mu nzira y'inzererezi iri mu bunyage. Haba hariya, umwanditsi wa Nouvice azamura ibibazo bitoroshye kubyerekeye ko hari ubwisanzure nyabwo no kubishoboka na gato.
Undikishijwe intoki ya Abe yashyikirijwe mwarimu avuye mu gaciro n'ishuri, kandi, atangazwa cyane, kugira uruhare mu gutangaza inyandiko y'inyandiko mu binyamakuru mu binyamakuru mu binyamakuru by'ubuvanganzo. Nyuma, akazi kazatangazwa nigitabo cyihariye cyitwa "icyerekezo kumpera yumuhanda". Tumaze kubona igice cya mbere cy'icyamamare, umwanditsi ukiri muto yinjiye mu ishyirahamwe ryahanga "ijoro", kandi mu myaka ya za 1950 barema - "ikinyejana".
Igitabo gikurikira ni "urukuta", rurimo inkuru nyinshi ninkuru ". Icyaha S. Karma ", cyahaye ibihembo bya Abutagava. Muri iyi nyandiko hakiri kare, imiterere yumwanditsi ibintu bimaze kwerekanwa neza: Ntabwo ari kure cyane, isi ye ni imvugo ngereranyo nini kugirango ifashe kwitandukanya numuntu nubwigunge bwisi yose bwumuntu kwisi. Intwari y '"inkuta" izamburwa izina na nyuma y'ibyo ihinduka undi muntu ukikije, hanyuma we ubwe. Muri iri hinduka hari ikintu gisa na "guhinduka" Franz Kafa.
Mu myaka ya za 1950, Cobo Abe Abe yandika inkuru n'incura, bamwe muri bo bahinduka ikinyabutaka na firime. Kubikorwa byabayapani, byarahawe amafilime icumi byatanzwe, kandi guhuza Umuyobozi wa Hiroshi Tassizahara bifatwa nkinshi. Umuyobozi ajyanwa ku manza "ikarita y'undi", "mu maso ha nyuma azana amati ya 2 kuri Oscar.
Mu novel kabiri umwanditsi bwari "kane Ice Age", kandi na isura mu 1962 "Abagore mu Sands" ku Cobo Abe atangura kuvuga bwa umwanditsi kinini izina isi. Intwari y'igitabo, kurwanya Uwiteka izaterwa mu rwobo kugira ngo akize umudugudu usinzira umucanga, agerageza kwigomeka kuri sisitemu. Hano, ku ruhande rumwe, imyigaragambyo ku modoka ya Leta, imiterere yashizweho gusa muri Mechanism muri rusange, ku yandi - kwanga gushyingura ubushake bwa buri munsi.
Impamyabumenyi kugeza kugereranya yerekana umugore wiyogendwa uhinduka umuturanyi wimiterere. Irerekana ubundi buryo hamwe nundi filozofiya yubuzima, igira ingaruka ku bwihindurize bw'intwari no ku cyemezo yemeye kumukino wanyuma. Kandi mumurongo wibitabo bisanzwe kubanditse amateka yo kubura, bikoreshwa na We no mubikorwa byakurikiyeho. Kubura nkumupaka, mugihe ukubitse ku isi usanzwe kandi bigaragara muyindi - imwe mu ngingo nyamukuru ya filozofiya yo guhanga. Ibindi bihinduka guhangana byubuzima nurupfu.
Gukorera abantu barwanya Egoism kandi bifuza gushimangira mumyandiko "Mu maso", aho intwari, ihisha uruhu rufite impungenge, atakambiye uruhu rufite impungenge, rutakaza umwirondoro, noneho ubwayo kandi ruhinduka igisimba. Igitabo gifungura ibitutsi bya psychologique, nabyo byinjije "ikarita yatwiga" n "" agasanduku ". Cobo Abe inyuguti iba mu isi ya kabiri, idatera amakimbirane nukuri, kandi ababana nababana barimo. Umwanya w'ibigereranyo uragufasha guhishura amakimbirane, aho imiterere igerageza gutsinda irungu, atatanze umusaruro ku giti cye.
Ibiremwa byigihenya umwanditsi ni "itariki y'ibanga" - byagaragaye mu 1977. Uzuza Bibiliya Mabuja Umuroma "yinjiye mu nkuge." Abayapani bakoresha ibyanditse byose hamwe nibikorwa icumi, ariko benshi muri bo binjiye mu bubiko bw'ivabutabo ku isi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Kubyerekeye ubuzima bwihariye bwa prose izwi cyane. Uyu mwanditsi ubwe yemeye ko yumva ari umuseribateri kandi ntababazwa nibi, yemeye ko abantu bose bafite ubwoba gusa kubyemera. Ahari rero, nta nshuti magara yari afite, abagore nabana. Insanganyamatsiko yo kwigunga no kwigunga k'umuntu ku isi yabaye ingenzi mu mirimo y'Abayapani. Rero, mu kuvuga amagambo ya Kobo Abe, "ibitabo byerekana isura y'umwanditsi."Umugabo yigaruriye umwanya wa leta, kuba umunyamuryango w'ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry'Ubuyapani muri 1950, ariko igihe cyacitse intege. Umwanditsi yashyizeho kunegura kugira ngo ingabo z'Abasoviyeti muri Hongiriya mu 1958 kandi mu 1962 zizava mu nzego z'Abakomunisiti.
Cobo abe yateguye ikinamico igerageza izana izina rye. Ikipe yabayeho imyaka igera kuri 10 kandi ashyira udupapuro twanditse. Ingendo zitwara abantu zishimiraga gutsinda ku isi, ariko mu Buyapani, guhanga kwabo kwamenyekanye cyane na Avant-Garde.
Ikinyamakuru cy'Abayapani nticyagarukira gusa ku bitabo na Theatre: Yakundaga gufotora, yakundaga gufotora, ndetse na mudasobwa, kuba umwe mu banditsi ba mbere basinye imirimo yo gutunganya inyandiko. Ukuri kwishimishije - Umugabo yari azi gukina synthesizer ndetse yandika umuziki mubikoresho kuri theatre.
Urupfu
Cobo abe ntiyigeze yitwa umuntu. Nubwo umwanditsi icyubahiro no kumenyekana ku isi, mu myaka yashize, umwanditsi yakomeje kubaho ubuzima bwitaruye kuri resitora ya Hakone. Umugabo yirinze abanyamakuru, ndetse nabantu b'ingeri zose, bibanda ku nyandiko z'ubuvanganzo.
Mu 1992, Masters yatowe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu rwego rw'ibitabo, ariko yahawe igihembo cy'umusizi wa Derek Walcott mu kirwa cya Karayibe cya Stlucia. Ukuboza k'uwo mwaka, gukora ku kuboko, Cobo Abe yazimiye ubwenge. Amato yababaye mu ishuri, ajyanwa mu bitaro afite hemorrage yagutse. Nyuma yo gutaha mu bitaro, umurwayi yatangiye kwangirika, maze ku ya 22 Mutarama 1993, umugabo w'imyaka 68 ahagarika umutima, ahinduka icyateye urupfu.
Cobo abe ifatwa nk '"Umunyaburayi" mu banditsi b'iki gihe. Guhanga kwe, kuruhande rumwe, gushingiye ku cyitegererezo cy'ikirere cy'isi y'Ubuyapani hamwe n'intege nke n'ibimenyetso, ku rundi, umurage wa filozofiya n'umuco w'iburengerazuba urasarurwa.
Amagambo
"Mu byukuri, imirimo ifasha umuntu kwiyunga n'igihe cyo kwiruka, kabone niyo yaba ayoboye adafite intego." "Ntabwo ari irembo ry'icyuma, ntabwo ari urukuta rw'icyuma, n'ijisho rito mu muryango wa kamera - ibi nibyo cyane bibuka umuntu kubyerekeye imbohe. "" Icyifuzo cyo kuba umwanditsi ni urwatsi gisanzwe: Icyifuzo cyo guhinduka no kwitandukanya n'ibikinisho. "Ntushobora kubikora bitarenze kwihisha imvura munsi Abanyamahanga. "Bibliografiya
- 1947 - "Iyerekana Kurangiza Inzira"
- 1951 - "Urukuta"
- 1959 - "Icya kane Ice Ice"
- 1962 - "Umugore mu musenyi"
- 1964 - "Isura yo mu mahanga"
- 1967 - "Nkumuntu"
- 1967 - "Ikarita Yatwitse"
- 1973 - "Man-Box"
- 1977 - "Itariki y'ibanga"
- 1984 - "Yinjiye mu nkuge"