Amateka y'inyuguti
Imiterere ya advel "ituje Don" Mikhail Sholokhov. Umugore wimico nyamukuru, Cossack yumudugudu wa Vesshinskaya Grigori Melekhova. Yashakanye n'umugabo utamukunda kandi arongora gusa n'ubushake bwa se.Amateka yo Kurema
Sholokhov yakoraga ku budomo "ituje Don" imyaka cumi n'itanu, kuva 1925 kugeza 1940. Muri rusange, umwanditsi yakoze amajwi ane, yatangajwe ukundi, nkuko akazi karangiye kuri buri. Umubumbe wa mbere wa mbere wasohotse mu kiganiro cy'ubuvanganzo Ukwakira, kandi umubumbe wa kane watangazwa mu kinyamakuru "Isi Nshya". Ku gitabo "gituje Don" Sholokhov yakiriye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu bitabo mu 1965.
Mu ikubitiro, Sholokhov yari agiye kwandika igitabo kivuga kuri Revolution kuri Don, kandi ibyabaye byatangiye guhinduka kuva mu mpeshyi ya 1917. Ariko, gukora ku nyandiko byahise binjira mu mpera zapfuye, kuko Sholokhov yamenye ko adafite uburemwa, umusomyi w'igitabo ntabwo yabyumva. Gutekereza ku nyandiko no gukusanya ibikoresho bikenewe ku kazi, Sholokhov yasize umwaka. Nyuma, umwanditsi yatangiye gukora kuva mu ntangiriro, kandi ingaruka z'igitabo cyimuriwe mu myaka ibanziriza intambara. Nyuma yo kurekurwa k'Abaroma Sholokhov.
"Sing Den"
Intangiriro yigitabo igwa mu 1912, Natalia muri iki gihe ni afite imyaka 18. Uyu ni umukobwa wubucuruzi uhora ukorera murugo no mumirima yishora mubushishozi. Intwari ni nziza, yakubiswe na Sermora, afite umusatsi wumukara. Natalia elegant igaragara mu itorero, umva mu karere k'umugeni utanga ikizere, ariko imico yihuse. Natalia ni umuntu witondewe kandi wukuri, akenshi urujijo. Kuva mu mirimo ihoraho y ukuboko, intwari yabaye nini kandi ikaze.
Se wintwari ni Cossuck ya Kiron Kameshunov. Natalia afite bashiki bacu babiri bato - Marishka w'imyaka cumi n'imyaka cumi n'ibiri n'imyaka umunani Galovnitsa na Porosha, ndetse n'umuvandimwe Miteya. Data yerekeza kuri Natalia Urukundo. Umujinya w'intwari wicisha bugufi, uvugwa inshuro nyinshi. Natalia atinya kwanga abantu, ntabwo yigeze arera amajwi kandi "atavuye ku butegetsi." Murugo, Natalia yumvira kandi yubaha, akorera sogokuru - atera imyenda ye, sheshhes, abungamira.
Nubwo KorSHmov ari umuryango ukize cyane mu isambu, wabitse abakozi bahagije, abana bagiye aho ngaho, kandi abana bagiyeyo ku mirimo rukaze kandi bakora byinshi ku kazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Natalia yakuze umugore ukomeye kandi ukomeye udakunda "balletreeve", kwishima no kwidagadura. Intwari hamwe no kunyeganyega ni abakobwa badafite akazi bemera gukunda urukundo.
Intwari izi uburyo bwo guhisha ibyiyumvo neza, ntabwo ukunda gusangirana numubabaro wa hafi no kwerekana amarangamutima yawe. Niba Natalia yaka, irakora rwihishwa, ihangayikishijwe cyane n'ubuhemu bw'umugabo we. Gregory atekereza umugore wa "Candy" - Buhoro kandi utitayeho, ntabwo ashoboye gushishikarira.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, kuri Gregory Melekhov ava mu rukundo, mu gihe umukwe ubwawe atumva ibyiyumvo by'umukobwa akamufata "gutura" - nk'umugore w'umucuruzi wo mu muryango ukize. Natalia yashakanye na Gregory wahisemo, yanze abagenzi bakomeye kandi bakize. Natalia yemeye gusubira mu kigo cy'abihaye Imana kuruta kujya hejuru y'undi, kandi ababyeyi baha umukobwa amahirwe yo guhitamo ubwabo.
Nyuma y'ubukwe, Nataliya yimukiye mu nzu y'umugabo we kandi ni ngombwa kurambagiza ababyeyi ba Gregory kubera kamere ituje nakazi gakomeye. Gregory ubwe ava mu mugore ukonje kandi utuje ntabwo yishimiye kandi akabura nyirabuja wa axier, agikunda. Bitandukanye na Axisigy axigy, natalia yagaragaye kandi ayoboka mu buriri, "adafite ibyiza" kuri Caress, bityo gutekereza ko ari byiza byaranye nijoro "inshingano."
Bisaba umwanya muto nyuma yubukwe, na grigory bitera Natanalia, amababi kuri aksinier, aho atuye mumisatsi yumutungo runaka.
Natalia abona ko ikiraga kigenda nk'icyaha kidakwiye kandi kitunguranye. Intwari izogera kuri Se ivuga igikorwa cy'umugabo we kandi asaba kumusubiza mu nzu y'ababyeyi.
Duhereye kuri Natalia, ntabwo yatutse umugabo we, Intwari ntiyumva impamvu yavuye mu nzu atavuze ijambo. Se w'intwari, Miron, arakariye umukobwa gusa kuberako asuzugura imbere y'umugabo utari wo, kandi icyarimwe agashyikirizwa agasuzuguro no kwitiranya agasuzuguro ndetse na Mirone ubwe.
N'umurima nyuma yo kugenda, Gregory atangira kugenda amazimwe ya Natalia. Intwari amaze kumva ikiganiro cyabaturanyi, kizaba kizanwa kubusa. Kuri uwo munsi, Nataliya agerageza kwiyahura, ariko akomeza kubaho. Ku ijosi ry'intwari nyuma yibi byabaye bikomeje gusebanya. Kubera "abaturage" bangiritse, Natalia yagoramye umutwe "ubumuga", ariko aracyakomeza kuba umugore ukiri muto kandi mwiza.
Nyuma yibi bintu, Nataliya yumva ari inzu y'ababyeyi. Byongeye kandi, intwari ntiyoroshye kureba bene wabo nyuma yo kugerageza kwiyahura, umugore yumva ko abitayeho. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Natalia yahisemo kwimukira i Melekhov, ababyeyi ba Geregori. Papa ntiyashakaga kurekura muri Natalia, agerageza gukorwa n'isoni n'ikimwaro, ariko Nataliya aracyagenda. Abasaza bafata intwari nka kavukire.
Natalia akomeje kwizera ko umugabo we amugarukira, akomeza kuba indahemuka kandi agategereza amabaruwa ava kuri Geregori, nubwo atandika. Umugereka wa Natalia kumugabo we Sholokhov nahamagaye "imbwa". Igitero cyegeranijwe cyintwari ntigihindukirira umugabo we, ahubwo gifatira kuri axier, urebye ko "gusuzugura" no kuvunika ubuzima butwari.
Axinya ntabwo amenya nta mpamvu yuko ubwo nataliya yajyanye umukunzwe we. Ikigaragara ni uko Natalia yari azi neza isano yurukundo hagati ya Akigsini na grigory, ariko nirengagije iki kintu kandi nirengagiza intwari. Igihe Natalia yazaga muri Akisinier asaba "gutanga" umugabo we, ahamagara heroine ya "Violet Pod."
Nyuma ariko, Axigna ahindura Geregori, asubira ku mugore we. Natalia yumva yishimye kandi atangira kwerekana ishyaka ryurukundo. Natalia yavutse ari impanga, umuhungu n'umukobwa, kandi herine ishira abana. Mu myaka itandatu y'ubufatanye bwa Gregory, Gregory ahangayikishijwe na Natalia, kandi nyuma yo kugaragara kw'abana biretse gufata intwari adakunda kandi mu buryo bwe ndetse anahurira.
Ariko, iherezo ryabagirana kuri Natalia, na nyuma yigihe runaka umubano wurukundo hagati ya Gregory na Akinhay. Natalia atwite gusa iyo amenye ko umugabo azongerayo hamwe na nyirabuja. Umurwayi Nataliya yumva ko adashoboye gukomeza kubaho, kandi ntashaka kubyara abana kumuntu utamukunda. Umugore yahisemo gukuramo inda no gutatana n'umugabo we, fata abana kandi ujye kubabyeyi babo. Icyakora, gukuramo inda biratambuka, na Natalia arapfa. Ubuzima bubabaje bwa heroine burarangiye.
Natalia Melekhova na Akinha Astakakhova
Natalia ni umugore mwiza "mu ijisho Shib." Intwari ni nziza, hamwe nurusyo runini cyane, ariko Natalia abura ubudahemuka no mumiterere yacyo ya axigy, nyirabuja MIGORIA Melekhov. Akinyana numugabo we kuruhande rwa Melekhov. Umunsi umwe, umugabo wa Akiggisyi yagiye mu mafaranga ya gisirikare, kandi Grigory Melekhov ahita amurikana urukundo rw'umuturanyi.
Axigna numugore washinze kandi utaryarya utitaye ku bantu. Gregory na Aksunhu guhuza ubushobozi bwo kwibira mu byiyumvo no gukunda ibidukikije. Muri Akisinier, intangiriro ikomeye cyane, intwari irashimishije kubantu, ibyiyumvo no kwihatira. Akinya apfa, isasu ryahiritse, mu mukino wanyuma w'Abaroma, iyo intwari ziri munsi yicyondo cyijoro zoherezwa mu mudugudu wa Morozovskaya. Nyuma yibyo, intwari yibizwa no kwiheba.
Natalia Gregory ntabwo atera ibyiyumvo. Ndetse no mubukwe, intwari yitondera cyane kuburyo abashyitsi baba kumeza, kuruta umugeni muto. Kumurika numugore wemewe kanguka muri Gregory gusa nyuma yuko abana bavutse. Natalia ubwayo ni uw'umugabo we afite ubwitange n'ubwuzu, ibaho mu kaga kwose no kwicisha bugufi, no mu myifatire yitwaye neza kandi itanduye.
Gukingira
Filime ya mbere ni "Dona ituje" yasohotse mu 1930. Uyu ni firime yumukara n'umweru wera, yafashwe n'Umuyobozi Olga Preobrazhenskaya na Ivan byemewe n'amategeko. Uruhare rwa Natalia rwakinnye umukinnyi wa filime Raisa Luzhna. Filime yabanje kurekura ibiragi kandi ivuga ko 1933.
Mu 1958, ikinamico ya gisirikare itatu "ituje Don" yasohotse hamwe na Umukinnyi wa Filime ZINIDA KIKIYnko nka Natalia. Filime yarashwe n'umuyobozi Sergei GerariMov kuri studio ya Maxim Gorky. Mikhail Sholokhov yarebaga kaseti yenyine kandi aranyurwa, nubwo hari ibinyuranye hagati ya firime n'Umuroma. Mw'izina ry'ibitekerezo, ibyo bice byakuwe muri scenario, aho "umutuku" wagaragaje ubugome n'ubuhemu, ariko bikabije "ibiranga" abazungu.
Muri 2006, urukurikirane "Donceceke" kuva mu ma ibicerindwi byasohotse. Uyu ni umushinga uhuriweho n'Uburusiya, Ubwongereza n'Ubutaliyani, urukurikirane rwasohotse mu Cyongereza. Yakuweho n'Umuyobozi Sergey Bondarkinorduk. Uruhare rwa Grigori Melekhova rwashoje umukinnyi wa The Bwongereza Ruper Rupert, watangajwe n'icyifuzo cyo gucuranga kandi atekereza ku ruhare rwo gushimisha rwose, ariko icyarimwe "inzozi" mubijyanye nakazi. Muri verisiyo yikirusiya, uruhare rwabakinnyi Maxim Sukhanov rwarahiye. Ishusho ya Natalia muri urukurikirane rwagaragaje ko Umukinnyi wa Filikiya w'Uburusiya Alena Bondarduckuk, witwaga uru ruhare rwiza mu mwuga we.
Kurasa kw'urukurikirane byakorewe mu Burusiya na Ukraine, kandi abakinnyi benshi b'Abarusiya bagombaga kwihutira kwiga icyongereza. Ibikoresho bikurikira byashyizwe mu Butaliyani muri studio chinechite. Akazi kuri urukurikirane rwahagaritswe imyaka myinshi kubera ingorane zemewe n'umuyobozi w'urupfu.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, umushinga washushanyije kandi ushyiraho Forsor Bondardorduk - Umuhungu Sergey Bondarduc, kandi mu 2006 urukurikirane rwagiye muri ecran. Uruhande rwibitekerezo nigisirikare cyigitabo murukurikirane rwashyizwe. Amashusho y'abagore yirengagijwe - Intwari zigenda zifite umutwe utagaragara kandi zitwara imisatsi, muri iyo minsi yari ifatwa nk'ibiteye isoni.
Muri 2015, urundi rukurikirane "Don aticecekeye" yarasohotse, iki gihe - umushinga wu Burusiya uva mubice cumi na bine. Urukurikirane rwakuye umuyobozi Sergey ursulak, uruhare rwa Natalia rwakoze umukinnyi wa filime Daria Ursulak. Yagabanijwe kandi kubintu byibuze ibitekerezo, nta ntwari zingenzi nintwari zumva umugambi. Urukurikirane rwafashwe amajwi ku nkombe za Don, mu mudugudu wa Elansky, mu kibaya no mu murima loberi nto.