Ubuzima
Umushakashatsi wa Scottish Sir Alexander Mckenzie yamenyekanye kubera kuvumbura inzira yambutse umugabane wa Amerika uva iburasirazuba ugana iburengerazuba mu burengerazuba. Kugira ahora ku izina rye ku ibuye ry'inyanja mu kigobe cya Dean, umugenzi wanditse igitabo cyita ku bukangurambaga bwo mu 1792-1794, kandi kubera ko kuba umwitero wakorewe mu Bwongereza mu Bwongereza bw'Ubwongereza.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Kubijyanye noografi ya mbere yumugenzi Alexander Mckenzi azi gato. Umujyi wa Storindland yavukiye mu Burengerazuba bwa Scotland ya Scotland, umuhungu yari afite umwana mu mujyi wa Stounov wo mu cyambu. Se Kenneth Cork McCenzie yishora mu bucuruzi, kandi igihe ubwigomeke bw'Abagore bwatangiriye mu gihugu, yinjije umurimo w'Umusengera. Nyina wa Isabella Mariko, watangije umuryango w'abacuruzi w'i kirwa cya Lewis, yayoboye umurima kandi azura abana bane.
Colin Mccen, Colin Mccenzie wo mu karere k'Ubuhinde, Colin Mccenzie, Alexander yarangije ishuri, atura i New York mu 1774, kuri nyirarume John ya nyirarume John. Ngaho, abagore n'abana b'umuryango babonye intambara y'Abanyamerika kubwubwigenge, kandi abagabo bashobora gufata amaboko bagize intambara nkabouberereye amacakubiri yumwami.
Igihe abayoboke ba Mankinzie bashyigikiye Unitemeniya, umusore Mackenzie woherejwe muri sosiyete, aho mu 1779 umushakashatsi uzaza yakiriye umunyeshuri mu kigo cy'ubucuruzi cya Finlay, Gregory & Co
Urugendo n'ubushakashatsi
Mu 1787, igihe umukoresha Alexandra yunze ubumwe hamwe n'abatanga ubwoya bwinshi - isosiyete ihebuje yo mu majyaruguru ya Montreal, yoherezwa mu kiyaga cya Atabask kugira ngo isimbuze umucuruzi w'umunyamerika n'umujinzi Peter Ponda.
Gutabira kubaka Fort "Chipevay", Mackenzie yahisemo kugerageza inyigisho y'abasangwabutaka ko inzuzi zaho zitemba mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba. Ku ya 3 Nyakanga 1789, uhagarariye kugurisha yakoze urugendo rwa mbere ku masezerano yizeye ko yizeye ko tuzabona amajyaruguru-iburengerazuba ku nyanja ya pasifika.
Ku bwato, Alexandre, aherekejwe n'abayobora Abayobozi b'Abahinde, yageze ku kiyaga kinini cy'abacakara, hanyuma akabakubita inyanja ya Arctique. Nk'uko abahanga mu by'amateka bavuga ko umusore yise umugezi "uruzi," kubera ko ataganiriye ku kirwa cyari kitegerejwe na Alaska. Nyuma, bagenzi beshuriye bahinduye amazi bakamuhamagara mu cyubahiro cy'ubupayiniya bwa Alexander Mccenzie, wasubiye muri Chipievie, wasubiye muri Chipievie, wasubiye muri Chipievie, asubira muri Chipievie, atangira gutegura ubukangurambaga bushya.
Kugirango ubone neza ubuso bwubushakashatsi buzaza, Scot yize amakarita asanzwe kandi ahura nibyongereza bigezweho mubyabongereza bashinzwe ibisobanuro.
Mu 1792, McCenzie yagiye kongera gushakishwa n'iperengerazuba-iburengerazuba buherekejwe na Alexander Makkaya mubyara, abatwara muri Verdrani na bagenzi be jye na Kanada Joseph Landry, Charles Duraet, Francois, n'abandi. Ikipe ya Scots yayobowe no kwihangana no kudahana amakuru: Abasiba barashobora gukora saa 12 z'umunsi umwe, kandi abahigi bari bafite ijisho rikomeye kandi rikomeye.
Guhitamwo Canada Dellet wa Water River Bowl nk'uko ingingo y'umwimerere, ngenzi bimukiye mu Burengerazuba, ariko vuba ubu arahindukira majyepfo maze rufunga kuko wintering ibihome ku uzwi Fort Fort Fort. Urubura rwatangiye, urugendo rwakomeje inzira, rubangamiwe numuyoboro muto na footell. Uruhande rwabaye rudateganijwe, kandi ikipe ya McCenzie yagombaga gutsinda intera itari mike, ni yo cato ari inyuma yabo.
Rero, agera kuri Fork, Alexandre yahisemo kurera amajyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa parsnips, ku munwa wabyo uruzi rugenda rugana iburengerazuba. Kunesha ibirometero icumi bya kilometero icumi zatsitaye ku mazi nini, zituma habaho hejuru z'uruzi rwa Fraser, maze mpitamo kwimukira mu majyepfo yizeye ko amaherezo amfata inyanja ya pasifika.
Nyuma y'iminsi mike, abaturage ba Bamonwa banze gukomeza urugendo kubera imiryango y'abarwanyi baba muri kimwe mu bifuza, kandi urugendo rwagombaga kujya mu gihugu, rufunga ubwato muri mubyara w'imisozi. Inzibacyuho mu Ishami rikwiye ryatewenzwe n'ubwinshi bwa Booster, yagombaga kwiyikorera. Gusa ku nkombe z'umutwara ururimi rwa Bella Coula, abagenzi bongeye kugenda ku mazi, bakoresheje ubwikorezi bw'imiryango yibasiwe.
Igipimo cy'ingendo cyihuse cyane, kandi, ntsinda ku muryango w'igice cy'umusozi, ku ya 20 Nyakanga 1793, Mackenzie yisanze mu bay yogejwe n'amazi yo mu kigobe cy'Umwamikazi Charlotte. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Scotman yashyizeho ihuriro rya mbere ryiyandikishije muri Amerika ya Ruguru, imbere y'urugendo rw'umutekano Lewis na William clark imyaka 12.
Icyifuzo gikomeye cyo gukomeza urugendo rujya mu mazi afunguye y'inyanja ya pasifika, yahagaritswe n'abayobozi b'intambara y'abantu barwana na Heiltsuk. Mbere yo kugenda, umuyobozi w'ubukangurambaga yashoboye gukomeza kuvumbura kwe mu nyandiko y'urutare:
"Alex Mccenzy ukomoka muri Kanada, ku butaka, 22 Nyakanga 1793."
Nyuma y'uburengerazuba bwa Sirtish, Sir Alexander Mcntunder Park yateguwe, ahari ku ibuye ku nkombe y'amazi, hakoreshejwe ibyanditswe mu mazi, bikozwe muri 90 by'ikinyejana cya XVIII.
Kugeza ubu, aho hantu hafunguye abakerarugendo bashobora gusubiramo igice cya nyuma cyinzira yinzira zurugendo hamwe no kugenda cyangwa mu bwato. Mubihe byiza, wifuza kuguma mu kigo mumajyaruguru yuburasirazuba uva ahantu hatazibagirana kandi bigatuma inyanja inyura mu muyoboro wa Ding.
Byongeye kandi, gutera urujijo munzira zashyizwemo abantu kavukire kugirango bakore ku butaka bwamateka, bikurura cyane cyane abakundana bagenda ahantu hose. Iyi gahunda ikubiyemo gusura piramide y'ibirenge 40 iherereye ku rutare, icyapa cyo kwibuka, kigaragaza aho amahanga yajyanywe mu mahanga, kandi Petrowilphs iherereye ku mucanga wa cobbblesty ku cyaro.
Birumvikana ko ubu abagenzi batagomba guhangana n'ingorane zaguye mu mugabane wa Alexandre, mu 1794 inzira yo gusubira mu gihome "Chipevay" no kwandika igitabo "Urugendo rwa Alexander McCeal ku ruzi rwa Mutagatifu. Binyuze mu mugabane wa Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. "
Iyo iyi nkuru yatangazwa, umushakashatsi wo muri Ecosse yeguriwe Kranmer, hanyuma agamirwa mu bakozi ba Leta mu iteraniro ry'abadepite ryo hepfo ya Kanada. Kuba intumwa ku ntara ya County Huntington, Alegizandere yagize uruhare mu nama z'Inteko imyaka 4 kandi yihanganiye ibisubizo byanditswe mu binyamakuru byihariye bifite ubu.
Mugihe kimwe, igishushanyo cyumugenzi, cyanditswe numuhanzi wicyongereza Thomas Louurenis, yabitswe mumazu yigihugu cya Kanada muri Ottawa. Mu 1812, umushakashatsi yasubiye muri Scotland kandi ibisigisigi by'ubuzima yamaze munzu yumuryango yabonetse kumafaranga yabasekuruza, George Gedman Admiral McCenzie.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Amakuru yerekeye ubuzima bwihariye bwa Mackenzi ni bike kandi bihumura. Birazwi ko mu 1812, umukobwa w'imyaka 14 waturutse ku buntu bukize bw'ubucuruzi bw'amafi, wari uzi uturere tuzengurutse Avotle Avotch Avoki yabaye umugore w'umuntu ukura.Mu myaka 8 y'amashyi, abashakanye bavutse babonaga abana batatu, abahungu ba 2 n'umukobwa barezwe na buda mu gihe ababyeyi bari mu ngendo hagati y'umutungo n'umurwa mukuru w'icyongereza.
Inshingano nk'izo z'ubuzima zatewe n'ibibazo byo gucuruza isosiyete y'ubucuruzi Hudson Bay, wa mubyara wa mubyara wa se Mckenzy, George Simpson.
Urupfu
Abahanga mu by'amateka bemeza ko mu 1820, ubuzima bwa Sir McCenzy bwarushijeho kuba bubi kubera indwara yaka, bigaragarira mu mpyiko na sisitemu y'imitima kandi atera Alexandre urupfu, yanditse ku ya 12 Werurwe 1820.
Abashakashatsi bashyinguwe kure y'ikigo cya Avoch, mu paruwasi yo mu cyaro ku kirwa cy'umukara.
Mu 1989-1993, mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro isabukuru ya 200 urugendo, Alexandre, abakozi ba kaminuza ya Lakehea yagerageje gusubiramo inzira y'ubutwari, ariko ntibashobora gutsinda km 350 ishize.
Kwibuka
- Umugezi Mackenzie
- Sir Alexander Mckenzy Park Park
- Ishuri rusange Nyamwiza Sir Alexander Mckenzie i Toronto
- Ishuri ryibanze Sir Alexander Mckenzy muri Vancouver
- Rose Alexander Mckenzie