Erwin Schrödinger - Ifoto, ubuzima, ubuzima bwihariye, urupfu, injangwe ya Schrödinger

Ubuzima

Umuganga w'indashyikirwa ni umunyamuziki witwa Erwin Schrödinger yabaye umwanditsi w'imirimo myinshi yerekeye nyirizina, isa n'isosiyete ya siyansi ifitanye isano n'imiterere y'isi.

Kuba umwe muri Rhodechalteri ya Kamaniki ya Kamera, Otirishiya yakiriye igihembo cy'itiriwe Nobel kugira ngo amagambo ahangane n'intangarugero y'igitekerezo cya kirimbuzi kandi nyuma y'igitabo "Ubuzima ni iki?" yagize uruhare mu kimenyetso cyibitekerezo byabana bato. Byongeye kandi, umuhanga yitaye cyane ku bibazo bya filozofiya, imyitwarire n'amadini maze aba umwanditsi w'ubushakashatsi bwo mu mutwe, uzwi ku izina rya paradox "injangwe.".

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schredinger yavutse ku ya 12 Kanama 1887 mu muryango w'umukobwa wa Veenna Schrödinger n'umukobwa wa Earsogy Emilia ya Bauer. Ababyeyi bavuganye ibitekerezo bitandukanye by'amadini, ariko bashishikajwe cyane n'uburezi na siyansi.Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Se wari ufite isosiyete kugira ngo akore ibikoresho bya poyithylene, yari umuhanga mu bya siyansi yatangarangije ishuri ry'ikoranabuhanga maze ayoboye umuryango wa zoologiya wa Botaniko wo muri Otirita yo muri Otirikwa. Umubyeyi abakurambere babo babaga mu Bwongereza, bafite uburere kandi bakira uburere, bemerewe kugira uruhare mu biganiro n'abarangije ibirori bikomeye by'Uburayi.

Ibi byagize uruhare mu iterambere ry'umuhungu wenyine, uvuye mu kigero, yakundaga gusoma kandi yiga ibintu byuburezi rusange ayobowe na ba guverineri beza. Igihe umuhungu yari afite imyaka 11, yinjiye muri gymnasium ya kera yo kwiga maze aba umunyeshuri mwiza mubanyeshuri, harimo kwiga indimi zamahanga.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Ibitekerezo byiza bya Erwin byashyizweho hashingiwe kuri theatre aho ikinamico ya Franz Grilling hamwe nabandi banditsi n'abanyamahanga ndetse nabanyamahanga bagiye. Bidatinze, ibyo abantu bakundaga mu siyansi bahindutse, kandi, nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri, yahisemo kwiga siyansi nyayo mu masomo y'imibare ya fiziki ya kaminuza ya Vienne. Nicyo gihe cyari urufunguzo muri biografiya yo hambere ya Schrödinger, waguye mu muryango w'umuryango uzwi cyane mu muryango w'icyamamare kandi watangiriye kuri tewoloreti ya Friedrich Hazenurl.

Amaze kumenya urufatiro rwa fiziki ya kera kandi inyigisho y'imibare y'imibare ya Phenomena, Eristomen yafashe ubushakashatsi, nyuma yerekanwe mu mvugo. Umushinga wahariwe kwiga ingaruka z'ubushuhe ku miterere y'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi byatumye umusore arangiza imyitozo no mu 1910 ahabwa impamyabumenyi y'ikirenga muri filozofiya.

Siyanse

Umwuga wa siyansi wa Schrödinger watangiriye muri Laboratoire ya Franz yakuyeho muri 1911. Nyuma y'ibitekerezo bya mwarimu, umufasha ukiri muto yishora mu bushakashatsi mu murima w'amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi arohayi na radiyo, kandi akomeza kandi kumenya inyigisho za romokari za kera, kandi zishimangira ingendo z'umukara n'imibare y'umukara n'imibare.

Mu 1912, nyuma yo gusohora icyi gitabo cyerekana igitabo cya kaminuza, cyamenyekanye cyane mu masomo, kandi gutsindishirizwa ku nzego za Filics Victor Victor yazamuye igihembo cya siyansi ya Novice-Preis. Muri icyo gihe, Erwin yatsinze ibizamini by'umwanya w'imyuga-ibishoboka kandi nyuma yo gukorera ku mpande z'intambara ya mbere y'isi yose, yatangiye guhuza imirimo y'ubushakashatsi yigisha.

Buhoro buhoro, kuva mu igenzura ry'ibihugu bihari, Schreedinger yafashe ibibazo by'ubukorikori maze agira uruhare mu bumenyi, gutangaza ibikoresho bishingiye ku mirimo ya Helmagolz, James Clewlz na Thomas Jung.

Mugihe usobanura imiterere ya metero yamabara yumwanya wamabara, yemeye kumenya ibintu byinshi biranga ibice byihariye biranga ikirere na nyuma yo gutangaza insanganyamatsiko zamabandi mu nyigisho zemewe mu magambo y'amabara.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Mu 1921, Schrödinger yimukiye mu Busuwisi maze yemeranya n'abahagarariye ishuri ryo hejuru rya Zurich Herman, Pawulo abikesha, Peter Desey n'abandi. Abagenzi ba bagenzi bacu basunitse umuhanga mu bushakashatsi mu ntambara ya Feritum, yafunguye umuhanda mu gushyiraho ubukanishi bw'intambara no guhanga ikinyamiro bihagaze, kubara inzego za atome ya hydrogen.

Kwiga imirimo ya Albert Einstein, Arnold Zommerfeld, Prantck ya Max hamwe n'abandi bateza imbere abakanishi ba Kamanusi, bashyira muri Porofeseri muri kaminuza ya Berlin ya Friedrich Wilhelm III.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Umwuka wa siyansi wa siyansi wagize akamaro mu buzima bwa Schredinger, wahishuriye formula ingaruka z'ingaruka kandi zatumye amahame mashya ya muntu ashingiye ku bitekerezo bihari.

Kuva mu 1926, mu kidage cyatanze cyera ku bibazo by'ubushakashatsi, umuhanga, imibare na gahunda, imitwe imwe mu mirimo izwi cyane ya Otirishiya ya Otirice "yatangiye gucapwa. Mu gice cya 3 cy'inyigisho cyasohotse muri Gicurasi 1926, ba mbere basabye bwa mbere ijambo "ubukanika bw'intambara" kugira ngo twemeze amahame y'ubumenyi bwe bwite ku ngingo yize.

Umuryango w'amasomo wahise ufata ibitekerezo bya The Terisikasitike bya Otirisi kandi bitangira gukoreshwa cyane mu gukemura imirimo y'ibanze ya Quantuum. Schrödinger yatangiye gutumira societe yumubiri wi Burayi, hanyuma itegura urujya n'uruza runini rw'imijyi yo muri Amerika.

Mu 1933, igihe ibintu bya politiki mu Budage byarahindutse, Schreedinger yavuye muri kaminuza ya Berlin maze amaze kwimukira mu Bwongereza yamenye ko yabaye umukizambo cy'igihembo cya Nobel hamwe n'umurima wa Anglicin wa Dirac.

Kuba umwe mu bagize abakozi bashinzwe kwigisha Magdalen Magdalena, Erwin, kandi ntabwo akoreshwa mu myitwarire izwi cyane y'abakozi - abarimu. Mu 1936, intiti yasubiye mu gihugu cye muri make, hanyuma ahabwa umuyobozi w'umuyobozi w'ishami rya fiziki mu kigo cya muri Irlande cy'ubushakashatsi bw'ikirere n'ubushakashatsi bwa Dublin.

Muri kiriya gihe, umuhanga yerekanye ubushakashatsi bwo mu mutwe kuri bagenzi be, azwi ku izina rya paradox "Kota Schrödinger", ukurikije ikintu cyambuwe kwitegereza gishobora kuba mu bihugu bibiri bitandukanye icyarimwe. Kumarana ubushakashatsi bwasohoye mbere ya Einstein - Podolsky - Rosen, Otirishiri yerekanaga ko dukeneye amategeko menshi agaragaza imiterere yibanze yimpinduka zikibazo cya Quafle.

Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, Erwin yamenyereye neza imirimo y'Umudage washinze Physics Physics ya The Teolotical Physics atangira gukora inyigisho imwe y'umurima umwe wo mu murima wa rukuru kandi ukora ubushakashatsi mu bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi mu murima w'amashanyarazi. Mu myaka ya za 1940, Schrödinger yashishikajwe n'ibinyabuzima kandi yatangajwe icyegeranyo cy'inyigisho cyitwa "Ubuzima ni iki?", Byeguriwe gusuzuma ibibazo by'Abaserikiya mu bijyanye na fiziki na filozofiya.

Mu mpera za 1950, Erwin yasubiye mu isi ya Otirishiya maze aba umwarimu w'icyubahiro mu kigo cy'uburezi cy'uburezi cya Metropolitan. Kugeza ubu, mu bubiko bw'amateka, ahantu h'icyubahiro bifatwa ku ifoto ya Schrödinger muri kaminuza ya Vienne, aho, amatariki, formula y'umubiri yahimbwe n'abahanga banditseho.

Filozofiya

Mu myaka ya za 1950 na 1960, abaturage bahuye n'ibitekerezo bya filozofiya ya Schrödinger, byatanzwe mu mirimo ya "siyanse n'uburi siyamakuru", "mu bwenge" n "" ibitekerezo ". Mugutanga icyubahiro cya kera cyatekereza, erwin yagerageje kubohora ibitekerezo kuva urwikekwe kubintu bige kandi umenye ishingiro ryukuri ryimyitwarire mibi.Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Abahanga mu by'amateka bavuga ko Otirishiya ari umunyabwenge, ariko mubyukuri, mubitekerezo kuri societe yabantu, siyanse nidini, yubahirije uburyo bwo kwiga, bwiringiro mumigenzo yo mu Buhinde. Ni nako byari bimeze ku bibazo by'ubumenyi, imyitwarire n'ubumwe, byari insanganyamatsiko nkuru y'imirimo kuri filozofiya.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Erwin Schrödinger, warezwe mu muco w'umuco ufite imico ikomeye kandi yimyitwarire, ntabwo yari umuntu wintangarugero mu muryango we.

Nubwo ubukwe bumaze igihe kinini hamwe numugore witwa Anneriya Brelt, umuhanga wa Austriliya yari afite abunzi benshi kandi yari se wabana benshi batavuganwa. Igishimishije ni uko ubwenge bwa Erwin bwabaye abagore b'inshuti na bagenzi babo ku kazi, busora amaso ku mibanire myiza n'ubuntu.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Hejuru yubusambanyi, ibibanza birwanyi byasuzumye isano nabakobwa babiri b'ingimbi muri 1925-1930.

Anneari ntiyagumye ku madeni kandi yari afite ibitabo n'abagabo baturutse mu bidukikije. Byongeye kandi, mu myaka 2 yasangiye ubuhungira n'umugore w'Ubumenyi bwa siriya ya Atirthn Artha, wabyaye Schrödinger, umukobwa witwa Rusi Gelagina.

Icyakora, kutita ku bashakanye byemewe n'amategeko ntabwo byakomeje iteka ryose, kandi mu ntangiriro ya za 1940, yatangiye kubabazwa n'ibitero byo kwiheba, byazanywe mu buryo busanzwe bugenzurwa n'abaganga.

Urupfu

Mu nyere y'ubugingo, Schrödinger, yamenyekanye nk'akabatori n'umwe mu bahanga mu bya fiziki ukomeye mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, yahuye na serivise y'iteka no gutandukana no gutandukana kwabatuye. Ubuzima bwe bwatewe isoni na igituntu kiboneka muri Zurich mu 1921-1922.

Nubwo kwivuza buri gihe mu Santorium iyobowe n'abaganga beza b'i Burayi, indwara yateye imbere kandi amaherezo itera icyateye urupfu, kwamamaza kurenga mu bitaro bya Vienne ku bitaro bya Vienne ku ya 4 Mutarama 1961.

Ubumenyi bw'isi ya siyansi kubera urupfu rwa mugenzi we uzwi, kandi abayoboke b'inyigisho ze bahora basura imva ziri mu mudugudu wa Alpbaki wa Alpbaki.

Awards nigihembo

• 1920 - Igihembo kinini
• 1927 - Umudari wa Matteuchchi
• 1929 - Umwe mu bagize Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi
• 1933 - Igihembo cya Nobel muri fiziki
• 1934 - Umunyamuryango wa Ishuri rya Usssr rya siyanse
• 1937 - Max Shinda Umudari
• 1937 - Umunyamuryango wa Papal Academy yubumenyi
• 1949 - Umwe mu bagize umuryango wa cyami wa Londres
• 1956 - Erwin Schrödinger Igihembo
• 1957 - Ikimenyetso cyinyukiro cya Austriliya "kuri siyanse nubuhanzi"