Prateck Prateck - Ifoto, ubuzima, ubuzima bwihariye, impamvu, physics

Ubuzima

Izina ryuzuye ryumuhanga mubudage ni Max Carl Ernst Ludwig Plandck. Mu myaka myinshi yikurikiranya, yari umwe mu bayobozi b'umuryango w'ubumenyi w'Ubudage. Afite ibifungurwa na hypothesis ya ofanu. Umuhanga mu bya fiziki yize Thermodynamike, inyigisho ya QuapA n'imirasire. Igikorwa cyumuhanga kigira uwashinze fiziki kaforum. Umwe muri bake batinyutse kurengera Abayahudi mu gihe cy'Abanazisi mu Budage. Kugeza iyo iminsi irangiye, yakomeje kuba siyanse yizerwa akabikora kugeza ubuzima bwemewe.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Planck Planck yagaragaye ku ya 23 Mata 1858 mu mujyi wa Kiyeli. Abakurambere be bakomokaga mu bunyagisitu bwa kera. Sekuru (Gottlieb JakoB Plands) yigishije tewolojiya yagishije muri kaminuza ya Göttiten.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Max Wilhelm Data ni umunyamategeko hamwe na Porofeseri muri kaminuza ya Kiel. Yashakanye kabiri. Abana babiri bagaragaye mubukwe bwa mbere. Ku nshuro ya kabiri yashakanye na Max Max Emma Pettstig, mu bashakanye abana batanu bavutse. Yakomokaga ku muryango w'abashumba no mu nama na Wilhelm, Prink yabaye mu mujyi wa Grefswald.

Kugeza ku myaka 10, Max yabaga i Kiyeli. Mu 1867, se yakiriye ubutumire bw'abarimu muri kaminuza ya Munich, kandi umuryango wimukiye mu murwa mukuru wa Bavariya. Hano umuhungu ahabwa siporo ya Maxmilian, aho yashyizwe kumurongo wabanyeshuri beza bo mwishuri.

Ingaruka nini kumusore pandack itanga umwarimu w'imibare Herman muller. Azamwigiraho bwa mbere ni ayahe mategeko yo kubungabunga ingufu. Max yerekana imibare myiza yimibare. Amasomo muri siporo yari afite umutekano muriyo ashishikajwe na siyansi, byumwihariko mu kwiga amategeko ya kamere.

Ishyaka ryabana ryabana ryabaye imbaga. Yaririmbye muri korari y'abahungu, yakinnye ibikoresho byinshi kandi akora cyane kuri piyano. Igihe kimwe yise inyigisho y'umuziki ndetse agerageza no guhimba, ariko byageze ku buryo uwahimbye atazagenda. Muguhiza, Prime yamaze kwizihiza.

Mu busore bwe, yashakaga kwitangira umuziki, kuba umugani. Yarose kwishora ifishi, yerekanaga ko ashishikajwe cyane na fiziki no ku mibare. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Max yahisemo siyanse nyayo yinjira muri kaminuza ya Munich. Kuba umunyeshuri, ntabwo asiga umuziki. Yashoboraga kubona ngo atsinde urugingo mu itorero ryabanyeshuri. Yayoboye choroto nto kandi ayobowe na orchestre.

Padiri agira inama max guhindukirira Porofeseri Philippe von Zholly kumufasha kwibiza mu bushakashatsi bwa mu buryo bwa Theoretical. Umwarimu yemeje umunyeshuri kwanga iki gitekerezo, nkuko abibona, ubu bumenyi bwegereje kurangiza. Ku bwe, nta buvumbuzi bushya bumaze gutegereza, ubushakashatsi nyamukuru bukorwa.

Ariko, uwapanda ntacogora. Ntakeneye kuvumbuzi, arashaka kumenya ibyibanze byigitekerezo cyumubiri kandi yifuza kubarusha niba bishoboka. Umunyeshuri atangira kwitabira ibiganiro kuri fiziki ya Wilhelm von Betz. Hamwe na Porofeseri Filipo, Von Zeholly akora ubushakashatsi kuri buri kibuga cya platine yashyushye kuri hydrogen. Max irashobora kugaragara mubyumbange byishuri mubari abumva - imibare Ludwig Zeidel na Gustav Bauer.

Nyuma yo kumenyera umuganga uzwi cyane, Hermann HelMholz, Pelke aragenda kugira ngo yakire amashuri muri kaminuza ya Berlin. Yasuye imibare y'imibare ya Tiematique Karl Weiestst. Yiga umurimo w'abarimu b'ikigo na Gustav Kingoff, ibyo bifata ku cyitegererezo cyo kwigana ku buhanga bwo kugorana ibikoresho bigoye. Nyuma yo kumenyera imirimo ya Rudolph Chariras ku nyigisho yubushyuhe, ihitamo icyerekezo gishya cyubushakashatsi - Thermodynamics.

Siyanse

Mu 1879, ikibaho cyakira urwego rwa muganga nyuma yo kurengera indege kumahame ya kabiri ya thermodynamics. Mubikorwa bye, umuhanga mu bya fiziki yerekana ko ufite inzira yo kwihangira, ubushyuhe ntabwo bwimurirwa mu mubiri ukonje ku musozi. Umwaka utaha, yanditse akandi kazi kuri Thermodynamics kandi yakira umwanya wungirije ushinzwe umutekano muri fiziki muri kaminuza ya Munich.Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Mu 1885, Placker ibaye umwarimu ugengwa muri kaminuza ya Kiel. Inyigisho ye yamaze gutangira kumutera inkunga muburyo bwo kumenyekana. Nyuma yimyaka 3, umuhanga yatumiwe muri kaminuza ya Berlin, aho nawe ari mu mwanya wa Porofeseri igengwa. Hamwe nibi nibi byakira umwanya wubuyobozi bwikigo cya physics. Mu 1892, Planck Planck ihinduka umwarimu wemewe.

Nyuma yimyaka 4, umuhanga atangira kwishora mubushakashatsi bwimirasire yubushyuhe. Ku nyigisho yindege, imirasire ya electoragnetic ntishobora gukomeza. Bijyana numuntu wa kane, ubunini bwayo biterwa ninshuro zimurikirwa. Planck Planck ikuraho fortation yo gukwirakwiza ingufu muburyo bwuzuye bwirabura.

Ukuboza 1900, umuhanga mu nama ya Berlin Academy ya siyanse yerekeye gufungura kwe no kubyara icyerekezo gishya - Quantuum. Usanzwe umwaka utaha, ukurikije formula ya Plank, agaciro ka Boltzmann uhoraho ubarwa. Akabari karaga kubona Avogont Avogongro - umubare wa atome mu isoko rimwe, kandi umuhanga ashyiraho umurego ushinzwe gushyurwa na electron ifite urwego rwo hejuru.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Albert Einstein yaje gutanga umusanzu mugushimangira ibitekerezo bya Queum.

Mu 1919, umuhanga mu bya siyanse yakira igihembo cy'umutimana na 1918 cyo gufungura ingufu za Qantaita no guteza imbere fiziki.

Mu 1928, yeguye, ariko akomeza gufatanya n'ikigo cy'ubumenyi bw'ibanze Kaiser Wilhelm. Nyuma yimyaka 2, igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel kimaze kuba perezida.

Iyobokamana na Filozofiya

Gahunda ya Max yakuwe mu mwuka w'Abaluteriyani, kandi kuri we burigihe mbere na mbere ni indangagaciro z'amadini. Igihe cyose yavugaga isengesho rya sasita. Birazwi ko kuva mu 1920 kandi kugeza igihe ubuzima burangiye byabaye nka presbyter.

Umuhanga yarwanyaga isangane ya siyanse n'idini. Kunegura kwe, kuraguza inyenyeri, kwamamazamo, mu buryarya no mu bindi byerekezo by'imyambarire byahuye. Muri icyo gihe, yizeraga ko siyanse n'idini bingana n'akamaro kayo.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Inyigisho ze "Iyobokamana n'Ubumenyi karemano" kuva 1937 byari bizwi cyane, byagaragaye mu bitabo byasubiwemo nyuma. Inyandiko yabaye itanga ibintu mu gihugu, yari iyobowe na Fashiste.

Plank ntabwo yita izina rya Kristo kandi ihatirwa guhora yamaganye ibihuha bijyanye no guhindura kwizera kwabo. Umuhanga yashimangiye ko atemera Imana bwite, ariko akomeza kuba idini.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Ku nshuro ya mbere, Max Plank yashakanye n'inshuti yo mu bwana Mariya Merk mu 1885. Abana bane bavukiye mubukwe: abahungu babiri n'abakobwa b'impanga. Yakundaga umuryango we, yari umugabo wita ku bagaragu. Mu 1909, umugore we arapfa. Nyuma yimyaka 2, umuhanga aragerageza gutunganya ubuzima bwe kunshuro ya kabiri kandi atanga icyifuzo cya mwishy Marge Mar Heslin. Umugore atanga Max akabari kwundi muhungu.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Muri biografiya yumuhanga haza umurongo wirabura. Umuhungu w'imfura apfa mu ntambara ya mbere y'isi yose, mu 1916, n'abakobwa bapfa kubyara mu 1917 na 1918. Umuhungu wa kabiri wo mu ishyingiranwa rya mbere yiciwe mu ntangiriro za 1945 kubera kwitabira umugambi mubisha kuri Hitler, nubwo asabwe na se uzwi.

Abanazi bari bazi ibijyanye n'ibitekerezo bya Planck. Igihe yari asuraga Hitler, ubwo umuhanga mu bya fiziki yerekeje muri sosiyete y'Abasivili y'ibanze Kaiser Wilhelm, yarahindukiye ngo atatoteza intiti z'Abayahudi. Hitler yaramurakariye mumaso ye yagaragaje ibyo atekereza byose kubyerekeye ishyanga ryabayahudi. Nyuma yibyo, paniki yacecetse kandi igerageza kwimurwa mubitekerezo bye.

Mu gihe cy'itumba, 1944, nyuma y'ikirere cy'ingabo z'abafatanyabikorwa, inzu y'umuhanga yatwitse rwose. Mu muriro washenye inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki, diari, ibitabo. Yimukiye mu nshuti Carl aracyakomeza kuzunguruka munsi ya Magdeburg.

Mu 1945, mu nyigisho i Kassel, umwarimu hafi apfira munsi y'ibisasu. Muri Mata, inzu y'agateganyo y'abashakanye barimo kandi barimbuwe munsi yindege. Umuhanga n'umugore bajya mwishyamba, noneho babe amata. Ubuzima bw'ikigereranyo bwarushijeho kuba bubi - rubagimpasi ku rugobe rwakabije, kandi agenda afite ingorane zikomeye.

Bisabwe na Porofeseri Robert Fields, ingabo z'Abanyamerika zihatanira igihembo cy'itiriwe Nobel kandi zikabifata neza. Mu byumweru bitanu, ari ku buriri bw'ibitaro, hanyuma, nyuma yo gukira, itangira gukora: gusoma inyigisho.

Urupfu

Muri Nyakanga 1946, umugabo yagiye mu Bwongereza mu rwego rwo kwizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 300 ya Isaac Newton. Ukuri gushimishije: Umuhanga yari mu birori uhagarariye Ubudage. Mbere gato y'urupfu rwa fiziki, umuryango wa Kaiser Wilhelm wahinduwe izina rya Prandeck, bityo ukesheje umusanzu we muri siyansi.

Akomeje kuvuga afite ibiganiro. Muri Bonn, umuhanga yarwanye no gutwika ibihaha, ariko abasha gutsinda indwara. Muri Werurwe 1947, aheruka ku banyeshuri. Mu Kwakira muri uwo mwaka, Leta ya McCA yarafashe nabi cyane, arapfa. Impamvu y'urupfu ni stroke. Ntiyabayeho isabukuru yimyaka 90. Imva ya salaure ya Nobel iherereye mu mva ya Göttiten.

Nyuma yanjye, umuhanga yavuye mu nyandiko yandikishijwe intoki, ibitabo, amafoto - umurage, utagereranywa kandi ukomeje kwihanganira umurimo wa siyansi udashishikajwe.

Awards nigihembo

• 1914 - Umudari w'impeshyi
• 1915 - ITEKA "KUBYEREKEYE MU Nseya siyansi"
• 1918 - Igihembo cya Nobel muri fiziki
• 1927 - Umudari wa Lorentz
• 1927 - Umudari wa Franklin
• 1928 - AdlerSchild des Deutchen aragenda
• 1929 - Max Shinda Umudari
• 1929 - Umudari w'ikariso
• 1932 - Umudari wa Gutrei nigihembo
• 1933 - Umudari Gadaca
• 1945 - Igihembo cya Götte