Ubuzima
Eleanor Glorin, uzwi na Menoussers nyayo y'uyumamare mu mahanga munsi y'izina rya Gal, biracyafatwa nk'umwe mu musemuzi mwiza w'imirimo ya Alber Kama, Antoine de Saint-Exupery na James Albrjj kuva Igifaransa n'Icyongereza ku kirusiya kigezweho.Kunegura ubuvanganzo n'umwanditsi wa Herumoni uzwi cyane wa Romanov yateguye amahame yayo yo gukorana n'inyandiko no mu 1972 yatangaye igitabo "Ijambo ryo kubaho no gupfa no gupfa. (Kuva kuri "igikomangoma gito" kuri "ubwato bw'abapfu") ", ubu ni igitabo cyigisha kandi kirimo ingingo z'ingenzi z'Igitekerezo cyo guhindura.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Eleanor Yakovlevna Galpertin yavukiye muri Odesa ku ya 27 Mata 1912 mu muryango w'abize mu Burusiya. Se wa Yakobo Isaakovich, umutimanama w'umuyahudi-umutsima z'ubwenegihugu bw'Abayahudi, yari afite imyitozo nini yemerera bene wabo ba hafi kwimukira i Moscou.
Nyuma yo gufatwa mu 1937 na 1950, aho batizewe byaguye ku bwoko bwose bwa Halperiti, na Mama Frederica Aleksrovna ahemba kugira ngo abone akazi muri komiseri w'Abasoviyeti no kugena umukobwa w'inyandiko ya Moscou no gusohora Ikigo.
Igihe ikigo cy'uburezi cyarashe, Eleani yahinduye kaminuza kabuhariwe muri pedagogy, maze afata ibitabo by'amahanga, bisangizwa no kumenya icyongereza n'Abafaransa.
Guhanga kuva mu bwana byashimiwe na Halperin, kandi, nk'ishuri, yanditse ibisigo bike. Mu myaka y'abanyeshuri, akomeza ubushakashatsi ku buvanganzo, umukobwa yatangiye kwandika Prose kandi 1930 ashobora gutangaza akazi ke mu bitabo byanditse byanditse.
Mu ishuri ryangiza, Eleanor yarwaniriye inyigisho ze, ikubiyemo ubuzima bwe no guhanga imirasire y'Abafaransa Artur Rembo kandi mu rwego rw'umwanditsi w'icyize watangiye kugaragara mu gihe cy'ibinyamakuru n'ibitabo by'amahanga bigezweho.
Mbere yo gutangira intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, umukobwa mu bitabo yatangiye gukoresha alias ya Nora Gal, ibiro by'Amamenyereza "Ubuvanganzo bw'amahanga" bwatangajwe kwandika ingingo nshya ya antoine de Saint-Froupery "Umubumbe" y'abantu ". Kubera igitero gitunguranye cya Fashiste, akazi nticyatangajwe, ariko umukobwa yagumye afite igitekerezo gikomeye cyo gusoma kandi cyagumye mu rwego rwo gutegereza ibitabo bishya by'umwanditsi w'Abafaransa.
Ubuhinduzi no Guhindura
Ibintu byari bikomeye, kandi kugira ngo tubone amafaranga, nora yakoraga mu kigo cyo gucapa no gusuzugura n'amahugurwa ku butabo bwamahanga bwo mu kinyejana cya 20. Mu gihe cye, we, adafite ubushobozi bwa Polyglot, soma ibitabo byambere kandi bibahindura mu Burusiya hamwe ninkoranyamagambo. Uzi nkuwa mbere, Gal yabanje kwerekana ibyo bikorera umuntu uwo ari we wese, kandi umukungugu uri mu gasanduku igihe kirekire.Ibintu byarahindutse nyuma yo kutizagira igitabo cyigifaransa "igikomangoma gito", umwanditsi wigihe yigeze gushimisha umwarimu ukiri muto. Nyuma yo gusoma akazi, Gal mugihe gito cyakoze ibisobanuro byubuvanganzo na nyuma yibyumweru bibiri byerekanaga umushinga wumukobwa wa hafi.
Imbaraga rusange zumugore zahinduwe nuburinganire buyobowe nubuvanganzo, ariko mbere ya 1959 ntamuntu numwe washakaga gucapa imirimo ya Eleara. Gusa nyuma yuko Gal yabaye umusemuzi wabigize umwuga kandi abenegihugu ba SESTR abifashijwemo basoma ibitabo byicyongereza, Abanditsi bato "," Abanditsi bato "," batangajwe n'ibisabwa byose n'ibyifuzo by'umwobo.
Nyuma yigihe, umwanditsi wabigize umwuga ubwayo yatangiye guhitamo imirimo ahagarika gukurikiza amabwiriza yibitabo, ibinyamakuru nibinyamakuru. Guhitamo akazi ka kijyambere hamwe ninkuru ishimishije, Gal yahinduye inkuru zumuremyi uzwi "hejuru ya pie" sallinger umwanditsi utazwi Harper Harper Lee "Kwica Ibitabo Byiza bya Harper" nibitabo Byinshi byabanditsi b'amahanga.
Birumvikana ko, umurimo wose w'abamamaji w'akajagari, ibitabo bimwe na bimwe mu mukungugu muremure mu bubiko mbere yuko abantu bato babone umwanya wo kubisoma. Iherezo nk'iryo ryagize "ubwato bw'abapfu" Catherine Ann "Newla," ukunda brahms? " Francoise Sagan na "Diaries" Roman Rollan.
Byari byiza cyane kuri uru rubanza rwibitabo byabana nabakuze, aho Gal yashyizeho uburyo bwo guhindura amahame remezo. Ababwiriza bishimiye kurera ibitabo bya Alexander Duma, Theodore Dater, urubingo rwibanze na Herbert, wanyuze mu maboko y'abasemuzi basanzwe.
Ubunararibonye bwegerejwe bwa Nora bwakorewe isesengura rito muri 1972 akazi karangiye kumurimo wa Theoretical, uzwi ku izina rya "ijambo ryo kubaho no gupfa". Muri yo, Eleanor yayoboye ingero z'umurimo ukwiye kandi udakwiye hamwe n'ibikoresho by'indimi kandi bigaragazwa no gukoresha ibiro n'amahanga bidakwiye.
Igitabo cya mbere cyakwirakwiriye kandi cyacapishijwe igice mu kinyamakuru "siyanse n'ubuzima". Ariko, Gal ntiyahwemye gukora no mu 1979 yatangije abasomyi verisiyo nshya, yuzuyemo umutwe wa "Abapfumu". Umwanditsi yashimangiye umwanditsi, kureba ibitabo byatanzwe n'ibitabo bya Matrai Davgenia Davydovna Kalashnikova, Natalia Albertovna, NING Leonidovna Diregile, Nina Leonidovna Diregile, NINGehidovovna Daurosaes wo mu buryo bworoshye bwo mu Burusiya na Acusshop.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, igitabo cyabaye inyungu za desktop kubasemuzi batangiye kandi ryasubiwe inshuro 8 kugeza 2015. Mu mahitamo agezweho, ibiyobyabwenge bishya byagaragaye, kandi ingingo yashyizwe mu bikorwa by '"bitatu bya Cami", isesengura uburambe bwa Julian, gusesengura uburambe bwa Julperia, hamwe n'umwandiko wa biografiya wa RESA Oblon, wabwiwe ubuzima bwite n'umurimo wa Umwanditsi mukuru.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Nora Gal yabayeho igihe kirekire, ariko ahubwo ni umunsi umwe gusa yarubatse. Yahisemo ni umuhanga mu turere ya Boris Kuzmin, utandukanya ibice wenyine yiyise urubyaro rutaziguye kuri Walter Scott.
Mbere yo gutangira intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, abakunzi bemeje isano, kandi bidatinze, Nora yibarutse umukobwa Edward. Uyu mukobwa udasanzwe wahawe icyubahiro cyinshuti magara yumuryango Edward kabalevskaya, naho urwenya rwahise tugaragara muri societe yubuvanganzo Umusaza numusore Eddy bakikijwe.
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugabo, kurasa na Fashiste mu ntambara hafi ya Smolensk mu 1943, Gal yonyine yazamuye umwana muto kandi yinjiza amafaranga yo gutanga ibiganiro kandi akore amahugurwa afatika.
Kuba umusemuzi uzwi cyane, Nora yatuye muri serivisi ya komini ya Moscou kandi imyaka icumi gusa yashoboraga kubona inzu ye. Kurenza neza imari ntabwo biruhura umugore, uracyakora saa 14 kumunsi hamwe nikiruhuko cyo gusinzira no kugenda.
Umukobwa, yazanywe mu bihe nk'ibi, ntiyashobora kwinjira mu mwuka wo guhanga kandi nyuma y'ikigo cya Pedagogi cyabaye umwanditsi, kunegura ndetse n'abagize itsinda ry'ikinyamakuru cy'ubuvanganzo.
Urupfu
Nora Gal ntabwo yabaye 23 Nyakanga 1991, kandi abisabwe na bene wabo, impamvu y'urupfu rwe ntiyashyizwe ahagaragara.Kwibuka umusemuzi w'icyamamare, abo mukorana n'abafana byashyize ahagaragara icyegeranyo kirimo kwibuka, ingingo, imirongo, amabaruwa, mu 2012 igihembo cya Edward na Dmitry Kuzmina, bishyikirizwa abanditsi b'ibyiza Icyongereza-Ikirusiya Uburusiya bwibinyejana bike bya Prose XX-XXI.
Bibliografiya
- 1935 - "Umugani w'inshuti"
- 1936 - "Urupfu rw'intwari" R. Koldington "(ingingo)
- 1938 - "Ubufaransa Ellens" (ingingo)
- 1945 - "Ni iki cyababajwe na sonya S.?" (ingingo)
- 1959 - "Kumva ubufatanye" (ingingo)
- 1960 - "Hejuru y'ibyo bishoboka" (ingingo)
- 1963 - Antoine de Saint-Exupery (ingingo)
- 1972 - "Ijambo rizima kandi ryapfuye"
- 1973 - "Kubora" (ingingo)
- 1975 - "Kandi kubyerekeye ibiro" (ingingo)
- 1991 - "Ishuri rya Cashkin" (ingingo)
Ubuhinduzi
- Ray Bradbury "Inkombe izuba rirenze"
- Jack London "Isaro Isaro", "Adventure mu kirere"
- Charles Dickens "Yatunzwe, cyangwa amasezerano yagirane"
- Herbert Weres "Ibiryo by'imana"
- Edgar Allan kuri "Igikeri", "Inzu yo kugwa ya Ashers"
- Colin Mccalow "Kuririmba mu mahwa"
- Catherine Ann Porter "Ubwato abapfu"
- Richard Oldsize "Urupfu rw'intwari"
- Antoine de Saint-Exupery "Igikomangoma gito", "Umubumbe w'abantu"
- Albert Cami "Gutera imbere"