Ubuzima
Iburanisha rya filology idasanzwe, umuhanga mu by'amateka n'ubugari n'umuganga Dmitry likhachev tumenyereye igihe gito. Ariko rero, ubuzima bw'umuhanga bwasohotse cyane ku buryo ibintu by'ubuzima bwe bizaba bihagije mu cyegeranyo cyo gukusanya ibitabo bishishikaje ku Burusiya bw'ikinyejana cya 20. Kandi bari bafite umwanya wibiza, intambara no kwivuguruza.Likhachev yavukiye mu muco wa feza w'umuco w'Uburusiya, apfa umwaka mbere y'intangiriro y'ikinyagihumbi cya gatatu. Ibitabo bye, amagambo ye, inkuru ziracyari mubuzima bwumwanditsi babaye umurage mukuru, ubushakashatsi bushobora gufasha abarusiya kubungabunga imigenzo yumwuka yumuco wabo kavukire.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev yagaragaye ku mucyo 28 (15) yo mu Mukuru 1906 i St. Petersburg. Umuryango we wari uw'ubwenge kandi wari ufite ibyiringiro byubukungu. Se wa Sergey Mikhaiangiro yakoraga nka injeniyeri w'amashanyarazi, mu nyina wa Vera Semenovna yakoraga urugo.
Mu bwangavu, umusore yasobanuye ko ashaka kwiga ibitabo n'ururimi, bityo natsinze ibizamini byisumbuye muri kaminuza ya Leningrad maze yinjira mu ishami rya fininelogiya ryaho ryishami rya siyansi.
Mu myaka y'abanyeshuri, Likhachev yari umwe mu bagize mu bagize mug ya kabiri yateshutse, wize abahanga mu bya filologiya ya kera. Mu 1928, umusore yatawe muri yombi ashyikiriza ibirego bisanzwe mubikorwa byo kurwanya Sovieti. Mu gihano cyo gutambuka yoherejwe mu birwa bya solovetsky biherereye mu nyanja yera. Nyuma yigihe gito, yoherejwe kwishora mu iyubakwa ry'igikariri cyera, no mu 193, mbere ya gahunda.
Nubwo umusore kubera ko umusore kubera impanuka isekeje yanyuze mu bigo bibabazwa n'imibabaro n'ibirenge, mu myaka myinshi yo gufungwa atamuvuna. Yagarutse mu gihugu cye i Leingrad, Likhachev yashoboye kurangiza amashuri makuru kandi yageze ku gakingirizo. Mu bihe biri imbere, yahaye imbaraga n'igihe cye cyo gukora siyanse. Inararibonye yungutse mu nkambi yafashije inshuro nyinshi umuhanga mu bushakashatsi bwa filogiya.
Ubumenyi no guhanga
Mu ntangiriro y'intambara, Dmitry Sergeevich yari mu gisubizo cyahagaritswe, ntuhagarike ubushakashatsi bw'Amateka ya kera y'Abarusiya. Kimwe mu bikorwa bye byo muri kiriya gihe cyatangiye kurinda imigi y'imbere mu gihugu mu gihe cya Tatar-Mongoliya. Uyu mugabo yashoboye kwimura umujyi we wavukiyemo muri Kazan gusa mu mpeshyi ya 1942, aho yakomeje kwishora muri siyanse.Ibikorwa bye mu murima wa filologiya n'amateka buhoro, ariko byatangiye kunguka imbaraga n'ububasha mu nzego zubwenge. Kandi kumenyekana kwisi yose domitry sergeevich yakiriye ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwibanze muburyo butandukanye bwa plalogiya nu muco wu Burusiya kuva yatangira ibintu bigezweho.
Birashoboka, nta mukunzi wa filologi wamushyigikiye kandi ntiyigeze asobanura ibikubiye mu mwuka, ndetse n'umuco w'uburusiya n'Uburusiya mu buryo bunini kandi bwuzuye. Likhachev yizema yize umubano wabo udashoboka hamwe nabanyabwenge kwisi yose hamwe numuco. Abahuje abantu badafite ishingiro kandi bagaragaje ko imyaka myinshi yegeranye kandi agaburira ingabo za siyansi ku cyerekezo gikomeye cy'ubushakashatsi.
Nyuma yimyaka, uwahoze ari wa kaminuza ya Leningrad, yongeye kwihatira St. Petersburg, aracyazwi cyane ku kuba muri yo igihe kimwe yakusanyije ubumenyi. Iherezo ry'umuco ryahuzaga cyane na kaminuza y'Uburusiya.
Ntabwo ari munsi y'imbaraga nigihe kirenze ibikorwa bya siyansi, umunyeshuri ufite impano yashora imari mu burezi. Mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, umugabo yakoze byose kugirango akure ibitekerezo bye nibitekerezo bye kubamwumva.
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoKandi yageze kuri ibye - kuri gahunda ze kuri televiziyo nkuru mu gice cya kabiri cya 1980, igisekuru cyose cy'abari mu rwego rw'ubwenge. Ibi byambuwe byari itumanaho ryubuntu kubari abumva baturutse kuva mumyaka itandukanye nibisanzwe.
Kugeza ku minsi yanyuma yubuzima bwe, Dmitry Sergeyevich yakomeje kwishora mubikorwa byubuyobozi no gusohora, kwikuramo no guhindura inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki. Ikigaragara gishimishije nuko umunyeshuri uzwi cyane ku nshingano ze zo guhangana n'inshingano ze zose zitabarika, rimwe na rimwe baza kuri aderesi ye mu mijyi ya kure y'igihugu kuva mu gihugu cy'abaturage ndetse n'umuco wo mu gihugu .
Ni ngombwa kandi kumenya ko Dmitry Likhachev yishyira mu buryo bwitondewe ku kwerekana ubwenegihugu muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose. Yari uwo bahanganye n'inyigisho z'uburabi mu kumenya ibintu byamateka kandi ntiyabona ko ari ukuri kumenya uruhare rwa Mesiya mumico yabantu muburusiya.
Ishimwe rya Batty AmashushoLikhachev yo mu ishuri ntabwo yigeze yahemukira urukundo akunda umujyi kuri Neva. Ntabwo yigeze asabwa kwimukira i Moscou, ariko ku mugabo ntibyashobokaga. Nkako, mu nzu ya sunkin, aho Ikigo cy'ubuvanganzo cy'Uburusiya cyari kiherereye, Dmitry Sergeevich yakoraga mu myaka irenga 60.
Kubintu birebire kandi byuzuyemo ibintu byumuhanga hamwe numuhanga mu by'amateka w'umuhanga byabaye uwanditse ibikorwa bikomeye bijyanye n'amateka yubuvanganzo bwa kera nabarusiya, ndetse numuco waho. Peru ye yari afite ibyuya 40, ibyinshi bisobanurwa mu ndimi zitandukanye.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwa muganga bwa siyansi ya filogiya ni intangarugero. Yakundaga umugore umwe ubuzima bwe bwose witwa Zakina, wari umugore we na nyina wabana basanzwe. Hamwe numugore we ukunda, Dmitry SERGEEVIch yahuye mu 1932, igihe yakemuwe mu myanya y'uko ihuje Inzu ya Leningrad y'Ishuri ry'ubumenyi. Mu bumwe bwabo, ku kwibuka umwuzukuru wa Philologue, atari gukunda gusa kugeza mu mpera z'iminsi, ariko nanone, nubaha.
Nyuma yimyaka itanu, abakobwa babiri b'impanga bavukiye mwizina rya Vera na Ludmila. Nyuma, igihe abakobwa babaye abantu bakuru, barema imiryango yabo, babana nababyeyi babo mwigunze nini ya likhachev igihe kirekire. Dmitry yari Umuryango w'urukundo n'umuryango, ndetse no mubuzima, no mubucuruzi. Yabayeho mu buryo bworoheje kandi akwiriye.
Urupfu
Mu gatasi ko mu 1999, Dmitry Sergeevich yashyizwe mu bitaro bya bowkin i St. Petersburg. Mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi, umugabo yarokotse kubagwa ibihano, nkuko abaganga batomwe, batanze ibyiringiro by'amubokazi byo kunoza imiterere y'umubiri. Icyakora, amahirwe ntiyari afite ishingiro, kandi nyuma y'iminsi ibiri, aho likhachev yari afite ubwenge, umuhanga yarapfuye.Rero, icyateye urupfu rwa Likhachev, wabaye ku ya 30 Nzeri, yabaye ubusa (yari afite imyaka 93) n'ibibazo by'amara. Gushyingura mu myigaragambyo y'icyitegererezo byabereye kuri St. Petersburg yo gutura Komarovo ku ya 4 Ukwakira. Urwibutso rwashyizwe ku mva ye, rwateguwe n'ifoto Dmitry Likhacheva Umunyamerika ufite impano Vladimir Vasilkovsky. Ifuruya umuhanga muri katedrali ya Prince-Vladimir kuri 12 nyuma ya saa sita.
Amagambo
"Hariho itandukaniro ryimbitse hagati yo gukunda igihugu no gukunda igihugu. Mu mbere - gukunda igihugu cyawe, mu isegonda - urwango ku bandi bose. "" Ibyishimo bigera ku gushaka kwishimisha abandi kandi ntibishobora kwibagirwa inyungu zabo, "" Kubaho mu myifatire birakenewe niba wagombaga gupfa uyu munsi, ariko gukora nkaho udapfa. "" "Ubwumvikane bugomba kuba bwiza kandi byanze bikunze. Gusa rero ni byiza, gusa icyo ni bwo bumenyi. "" Urubyiruko ni ubuzima. "Bibliografiya
- 1950 - "Umugani w'imyaka ya Bygone"
- 1952 - "Iboneka ry'ibitabo by'Uburusiya"
- 1955 - "Calovo Kubijyanye na Regiment ya Igor. Inyandiko y'amateka kandi yubuvanganzo"
- 1958 - "Umuntu Mubitabo byuburusiya bwa kera"
- 1981 - "Inyandiko ku Burusiya"
- 1983 - "Isi kavukire"
- 1984 - "Ubuvanganzo - Ukuri - Ubuvanganzo"
- 1985 - "Kahise - Kazoza"
- 1986 - "Ubushakashatsi ku bitabo bya kera by'Abarusiya"
- 1989 - "Kuri Filologiya"
- 1994 - "Inzandiko z'ibyiza kandi nziza"