Ubuzima
Karl Orf numucuranzi w'Ubudage n'uwahimbye, abahanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi bita ubushakashatsi bwa Bavarian. Imirimo yumwanditsi itandukanye kandi yoroshye, ariko mugihe kimwe cyiza kandi gishimishije. Cantata "Carmina Burana" ifatwa nkibyarewe bizwi cyane bya ORF. Mubikorwa bye, uwahimbye yateje imbere symbiose yumuziki na theatre. Ntiyashakaga ko umuziki we uhuze n'inzira nziza.
Umusanzu munini wumucuranzi ntabwo ari mumurage we gusa, ugizwe na tekinike yateye imbere. ORC yatekereje kurera urubyiruko kandi igahitamo iterambere ryimpande zumuntu.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Munich yabaye Mariya Orfa wa Karl. Umuhungu yavutse ku ya 10 Nyakanga 1895. Yakomokaga ku isiganwa ry'Abayahudi. Ikirere cyo guhanga cyaramye ku ngoma ya Ophic. Data ufite ibikoresho bya muzika neza, umuhungu rero wa Sonny yumvise kuva mu myaka muto. Iterambere ryibikorwa byo guhanga byagize uruhare kuri nyina, witaye ku burere bw'Umwana.
Umuziki washishikajwe na Karl kuva mu bwana. Yakundaga gutega amatwi ababyeyi bagize, buhoro buhoro atangira kwiga ibiranga ibikoresho. Iyo imigezi yari ifite imyaka 4, yabone bwa mbere imikorere yikigereranyo. Umwana yaratangaye cyane kandi kuva icyo gihe yakundaga gucuranga ibipupe.
Afite imyaka 5, yatangiye kumenya umukino kuri piyano. Yakundaga gutezimbere, kandi garama ya muzika yatanzwe nta kibazo. Umwana w'imyaka 6 yahaye ishuri. Kumenya gusoma no kwandikira nyina, Karl yabuze amasomo, ariko hamwe na Ecstasy ibisigo ninkuru murugo. Ibikorwa bibiri byumwanditsi ukiri muto ndetse byacapwe mu kinyamakuru cy'abana.
Ishyaka ku kinamico y'igipupe cyiyongereye. Karl yatangiye gushyira ibitaramo byo murugo, akurura murumuna we. Yavuze ku mwanditsi w'umuziki, inyandiko n'ibibanza. Afite imyaka 14, umusore yasuye inzu ya opera bwa mbere. Amaze kumenyana na "Intambara y'Ubuholandi" Richard Wagner, yatangajwe cyane, yajugunye ishuri kandi yamaranye igihe cyose kuri piyano. Kuri 16 Karl yajugunye siporo maze atangira gutegura ababyeyi be kwiga ku ishuri ryumuziki. Umusore yaje mu 1912.
Gahunda ya Academy ntabwo yakoresheje kuri orpha uburyohe. Yinjiye mu mirimo ya Claude Debussy kandi yashakaga kujya i Paris kugira ngo yigire ku kigirwamana, ariko ababyeyi barwanyaga. Nyuma yo kurangiza amahugurwa mu 1914, Karl yabaye igitaramo ku nzu ya Opera akomeza gukura amasomo kuri Herman Milthera.
Mu 1916 yabonye umwanya wa Kammeruser kuri "KammershPil" Theatre. Ibyishimo bya Novice uwahimbye yari mugufi: Yahagaritse intambara. Umusore yinjiye mu burasirazuba, arakomereka kandi yahumetswe asubira inyuma. Yakomeje umwuga we muri theatre ya Mannheim, hanyuma yimukira i Munich.
Umuziki
Ushaka gucengera neza amakuru arambuye, Orf yashimishijwe na pedagogy. Yagize uruhare mu kwigisha, avugana n'abacuranzi bateganya kwinjira mu ishuri ry'umuziki, ariko igitekerezo gihari cyo kwigisha nticyanyuzwe. Mu 1923, hamwe na Günther baziranye, Günther, Karl yakinguye ishuri n'umuziki wa Gunshule, aho yabaye umwarimu. Byaranze intangiriro yo kurema uburyo bwe bwo kwigisha umuziki. Umwanditsi yasobanuye icyerekezo cye mu gitabo cyitwa "SCHVERK". Yasohotse mu 1932.
Synthesis yimuka, umuziki namagambo aryamye kumutima wihame rya orph. Uburyo bw '"umuziki ku bana" bikubiyemo gutangaza ubushobozi bwo guhanga bwumwana binyuze muburyo bworoshye muri kimwe cyangwa ikindi kintu.
Uwahimbye yatanze amashuri yiga umukino kubikoresho bya muzika. Yateje imbere "umucurazi w'abadepite", huza inzira yose hamwe na manda rusange. Umucuranzi niyo yateguye ibikoresho, ugomba guhinduka, guma kuba ngombwa kumvikanisha hamwe nabana.
Buhoro buhoro, uwahimbye yahinduye ibyihutirwa kandi yizihiza kongera gukora umuziki. Ikiremwa cye kizwi cyane kirafatwa nk "Carmina Burana" ("Carmina Burana"). Akazi kari gushingiye ku nkuru y'indirimbo za "Boyurin", ziboneka mu 1802 mu kigo cy'abihaye Imana cya Benetifike. Inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki zagumanye igisigo cya Golradov, wanditse umuziki utarandika. Ingingo zabajijwe n'abanditsi bo mu kinyejana cya 13 zahise zigira akamaro mu kinyejana cya 20.
Inyandiko yanditse yari igishushanyo cyuruziga rwamahirwe, cyabaye nk'ishingiro ry'ibigize. Uruziga ruzunguruka, kandi umwuka usimburwa aho, imitekerereze. "Carmina Burana" yabaye igice cya 1 cya trilogy, na catuli carmina na trionfo di afrodite - nyuma. Uwaguhaye ubwe yise ubwonko bwe umunsi mukuru wuburyo bwumwuka wumwuka, kuringaniza hagati ya kamere no mu mwuka.
Premiere ya Cantata yabaye mu 1937. Akazi kagenze neza mu Nazis waje ku butegetsi. Goebbels na Hitler bari abafana be bakomeye. Intsinzi yiyi nyandiko yarenze amahirwe yose ya orph. Indirimbo "o forduna" iramenyereye n'abadakomeye muri opera.
Ububasha bwa Karl Orfa bwari bureguritse. Yashinzwe gukora umuziki wo kubyara "ibitotsi mu ijoro ryimpeshyi". Kurema Felix Mendelssohn noneho bibujijwe mu Budage, kandi umuti uhiga uhimbye wabonetse. Orf ntiyigeze itangaza akazi ke kandi yongera gukomeza akazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Premiere yafunzwe kugeza mu 1964.
Igitangaje ni uko haba imbere y'imizi y'Abayahudi, umucuranzi yashoboye gutsinda aho guverinoma y'Ubudage. Mu ntambara ya nyuma, yashyizwe ku rutonde rw'abirabura ku rutonde rwa Hitler, ariko ibibazo byamugwirije ubucuti na juber. Orf rero yabonye amahirwe yo gusubira muri Pedagogy na muzika. Mu 1955, uwahimbye yatuye i Ssenene-ammesee, nyuma yimukira i Salboug. Agezeyo, yayobowe n'ikigo aho kwiga kwigomeka byakoreshejwe.
Guhanga Karl Orfa bizwi kandi nanone ibikorwa nkibi "ukwezi", "umunyabwenge", witwa "Umwami Ede". Umucuranzi yitaye cyane ku gaciro k'injyana, kandi ibikoresho akunda byari ingoma.
Mubikorwa byanyuma byahimbye - gukina kwamayobera "comedi mugihe cyimperuka", byaremwe mu 1973. Yakoreshejwe muri firime "Ubutaka bwangiritse" n "" Urukundo nyarwo ". Kuva mu 1975, ORC yishora mu gutangaza ibikoresho mububiko bwe.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Karl Orf yitaye ku bagore. Yashakanye n'ubwa mbere mu myaka 25. Umutware wa Uwahimbye yari umuririmbyi wa Opera Alice Solizher. Umugore yibarutse umukobwa witwa Godl. Umukobwa niyo samuragwa wenyine wa orfa. Ubundi bukwe ntabwo bwamuzaniye abana. Ubuzima bwihariye bwa Karl na Alice ntibyashize. Nyuma yimyaka 5, gutandukana kwabaye, kandi kuva 1925 kugeza 1939 umucuranzi yahawe, adafite inshingano.
Urukundo rwa kabiri rwa orph rwabaye umuganga Gertrud Allert. Uyu mukobwa yari arengeje imyaka 19 kandi ntashobora kwihanganira imyaka irenga 4. Mu 1954, Carl yahujwe no gushyingirwa n'umwanditsi Louise Rinzir, ariko ubwo bumwe buratoroshye. Afite imyaka 65, uwahiriye Liselotte Schmitz, wakoraga nk'umunyamabanga. Umukobwa yari muto cyane kurenza uwo watoranijwe maze aba Umuhamya w'urupfu rwe. Mu 1982, uwo mwashakanye wa kane w'umucuranzi yakoze urufatiro rw'izina rye kandi bacunga umuryango kugeza 2012.
Urupfu
Ubuzima bwa Karl Orfa bwuzuye ibintu bishimishije byemeza ko ibyago byamuteye. Ubuzima bwa nyuma, yabaye umunyamuryango w'icyubahiro wa kaminuza ya Regensburg, ishuri rya Nuremberg, Ishuri ry'Abahanzi Bavariya na Casta Castchia. Byongeye kandi, umucuranzi yabaye umuganga w'icyubahiro wa kaminuza ya Tubingen na Munich wa kaminuza ya Ludwig-Maximilian.
Karl Orf yakiriye inshuro nyinshi ibihembo nko kumenya uruhare rwe mubuhanzi n'umuco by'Ubudage. Mu 1975, yashyikirijwe umuhigi w'icyubahiro wa Munich, kandi mu 2001, abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere bahaye izina rya Asteroide.
Orc yarwaye kanseri ya pancreatic. Indwara yahagaritse buhoro buhoro ubuzima bwahimbye kandi bwateje urupfu. Karl Orf yapfuye mu mwaka wa 87 w'ubuzima, ku ya 29 Werurwe 1982. Umukungugu we washyinguwe mu rusengero rw'abihayeyi cya Andx hafi ya Munich.
Imirimo ya muzika
- 1937 - "Carmina Burana"
- 1937 - "Ukwezi"
- 1942 - "Katuli Carmina"
- 1943 - "Umnitsa"
- 1943-1945 - "Bernaurerin"
- 1947 - "Antigona"
- 1950 - "Intsinzi ya Aphrodite"
- 1957 - "Tsar Edipo"
- 1963 - "Prometheus"
- 1972 - "Amayobera y'imperuka yigihe"