Amateka y'inyuguti
Inyandiko ya Nikolai Nekrasov "utuye mu Burusiya" yanditswe mu kinyejana gishize. Igisigo gitanga urumuri rwinshi cyibibazo nibigeragezo abantu bigabarusiya bagombaga kugenda, bagakurura ibyo umunezero umeze nkabagabo basanzwe. Akazi gafite uburenganzira ku kibazo cy'iteka, mu binyejana byinshi tubabajwe na buri wese muri twe.Inkuru itanga umusomyi kumenyera inkuru yumwimerere. Abantu bayo nyamukuru babaye abahinzi, bateraniye hamwe kugirango bamenye imitungo aho umuntu wishimye abaho. Mugusesengura urwego rwose, abagabo bamenyereye inkuru zinyuguti, bishimye cyane muri bo harimo teraniri ya Drigory Dobrozlon. Agaciro k'urupapuro Intwari muri uru rubanza ni ngombwa. Ibyishimo kuri uwo munyeshuri ntabwo byari imibereho myiza, ahubwo n'amahoro n'amahoro ku bihugu byo mu gihugu cyambere ndetse n'imibereho myiza yabaturage.
Amateka yo Kurema
Igisigo cyakozwe mugihe cyo kuva 1863 kugeza 1877, no mugihe cyakazi, inyuguti nibitekerezo bya Plot byahinduwe inshuro nyinshi. Akazi nticyarangiye, nk'uko umwanditsi yapfaga mu 1877, ariko "Ninde wo mu Burusiya Kubaho neza" bifatwa nk'uguhitamo.
Nekrasov azwiho umwanya wa Leta na disikuru arwanya akarengane rusange. Yatanze ibibazo mu kazi, guhungabanya abahinzi b'Abarusiya. Umwanditsi yamaganye ubujurire bwa ba nyir'ubutaka hamwe n'abayobozi, imikorere y'abagore ndetse n'agahato abana gukora. Nyuma yo gusesa kwa Serfdomu mu 1861, umunezero wari utegerejwe igihe abantu basanzwe bataje. Ikibazo cyo kutaba ubuntu cyasimbuwe nizindi bibazo bijyanye nicyizere cyo gukora ubutunzi.
Amashusho yagabanutse mu gisigo afasha kwinjira mubujyakuzimu bwikibazo cyabajijwe numwanditsi. Nekrasov yerekana itandukaniro riri hagati yibyishimo mugusobanukirwa nyir'ubutaka n'umuntu woroheje. Abakire bizeye ko ikintu cyingenzi mubuzima ari imibereho myiza, kandi abakene basenga kubura ibyago bihebuje. Umwuka w'abantu usobanurwa na Ermila Girin na Grisha, Grisha
Nekrasov muri "Unde mu Burusiya Kubaho neza" Kugena ibibazo by'amasomo, kumenya umururumba n'ubugome by'abakire, kutamenya gusoma no kwandika no gusinda mu bahinzi. Yizera ko, akamenya umunezero nyawo, intwari zakazi zose zizashyira ingufu mubyo wagezeho.
Umuvugo "ubaho neza mu Burusiya"
Matrain Timofeevna korchagi - isura yemewe kumurimo. Mu busore bwe, yarishimye rwose, kubera ko iki gihe cy'ubuzima bwe kitagitayeho. Ababyeyi bakundaga umukobwa, kandi yashakaga gufasha umuryango we muri byose. Kimwe n'abandi bana b'abahinzi, Matrena yari yize mbere ku kazi. Buhoro buhoro byasunitswe no guhangayikishwa no guhungabana, ariko umukobwa ukura vuba atigeze yibagirwa imyidagaduro.
Uyu muhinzi akora cyane kandi akora. Isura ye yishimiye ijisho ryubwiza busanzwe kandi nyabwo. Abasore benshi bari bafite amoko kumukobwa, hanyuma umukwe amaze gutangizwa. Kuri ubu buzima buto kandi bushimishije mbere yubukwe bwegereje imperuka. Ubushake bwasimbuwe, bwiganje mu muryango w'undi, ababyeyi bo muri Flaruse ya Matrena. Nyina w'umukobwa, abonye ko umugabo we atazahora arinda umukobwa we, atura ejo hazaza he.
Ubuzima mu nzu nshya kandi mubyukuri ntibyigeze uhita. Zolovka n'ababyeyi b'uwo mwashakanye bakoze Matrena bakora byinshi kandi ntibahiriye inzira nziza. Ibyishimo byonyine byubwiza byari igitambaro cya silk cyatanzwe numugabo we no gutembera kumuti.
Isano yabashakanye ntishobora kwitwa neza, kuko icyo gihe abagabo bakunze gukubita abagore be, kandi abakobwa ntabwo bari bashaka ubufasha no kurindwa. Icyumweru Matrena yari imvi kandi kimwe, cyuzuye imirimo ya grave na bene wabo. Umukobwa amaze kwerekana igitekerezo cya Slavyka nini, yashenywe hejuru cyane kandi agaragaza kwihangana gukomeye.
Umuhungu wabyaye yerekanye Matreus kuva uruhande rushya. Umubyeyi wuje urukundo, aha umwana we ubwuzu bwose bushobora. Ibyishimo byumukobwa byari bigufi. Yagerageje kumarana umwanya uko bishoboka kose, ariko imirimo yafashe buri munota, kandi umwana yari umutwaro. Sogokuru yigisha yitaye kuri sothna na rimwe ntibateka. Umwana arapfa. CUM ye yahindutse ibyago byo kumubyeyi ukiri muto. Muri iyo minsi, imanza nk'izo zabaye kenshi, ariko zabaye ikizamini kidasanzwe kubagore.
Abapolisi baje mu rugo, imirongo n'umuyaga basangiye aba Matroin muri sekuru wagowe na sekuru, wahoze ari uwahamwe n'uwahamwe n'icyaha, yangije umwana. Byafashwe byemejwe gufata autopsie kugirango dushyireho ibitera urupfu rwumuhungu. Ku mukobwa, biba intimba nini, kuko ubu umwana ntashobora gushyingurwa nta gihingwa.
Ishusho ya Matrena nigishushanyo cyumugore wuburusiya, rack, kwihangana no kwihangana. Abagore badashobora guca ubuzima bwa peripetics. Nyuma yigihe, Matrena yongeye kugaragara abana. Akunda kandi arabarinda, akomeza gukora kubwinyungu z'umuryango we.
Ababyeyi babyara Marimena Timofeevna ikomeye cyane kuburyo kubwabana ba Vione biteguye byose. Ishimangira igice mugihe umuhungu Fedotos yashakaga guhana nyir'ubutaka. Umugore wa Osanoy yaguye munsi ya Rose, azamura gutamba aho kuba umwana we. Hamwe n'umwete kimwe, wifatanije n'umugabo we, bashaka gufata mu ruhare. Gusaba abantu guha umuryango wa Matrena.
Ubuzima bwumuhinzi bworoshye buragoye kandi bwuzuye intimba. Yarokotse nta mwaka washonje, yabuze umuhungu, yahoraga ahangayikishijwe n'umutima uhenze w'abantu. Kubaho byose Matrena Timofevna yashyizwe mu bikorwa ibyago, bihagaze mu nzira. Ingorane zaguye ku mugabane wacyo zishobora kumena umwuka. Akenshi abagore bakunda guterana bapfuye hakiri kare kubera umutwaro nibibazo. Ariko abakomeje kubaho bateje ubwibone no kubahana. Ishusho yumugore wumurusiya imbere ya Matrena Chas Nekrasov.
Umwanditsi abona uburyo yambarwa kandi yihangana, imbaraga nurukundo bikomeza ubugingo bwe, uko bitekerejeho kandi byubwitonzi kandi bwitonda kandi bwitonda bushobora kuba umugore ukora cyane. Ntabwo ashishikajwe no guhamagara intwari, ariko yishimira ko atatakaje, ariko bizindukira uwatsinze mu rugamba rw'ubuzima.
Amagambo
Mu Burusiya mu Burusiya, ubuzima bwumugore bwari bugoye cyane. Ku myaka ya 38, Timofeev akuze, umukecuru yamaze kwiyita. Hariho ibibazo byinshi, uwo mugore yahanganye yigenga, bityo aciraho iteka abagabo bitaye gushaka umunezero mu bagore:
"Kandi kuba watangiye, ntabwo watangiye - hagati yo gushakisha nomero!"
Ku bw'imbazu n'imbaraga by'umwuka, heroine yatangiye kwita "guverineri", kuko abantu bose batarambiwe ibikorwa nk'ibi yintwari ko Matrain yafashe. Umugore mushya w'amazina yari akwiriye, ariko iri zina ntiryazanye umunezero. Ibyishimo nyamukuru byo Kurchan ntabwo ari muburyo bwicyubahiro:
Ati: "Twacitse intege twishimye, twitwa Guverineri-Wagontatrut kuva icyo gihe ... ni iki gikurikiraho? Ndakwiriye gutegeka ishyamba ryabana ... ukeneye kumenya kubyerekeye umunezero?Igice intwari gikinguye amaso ku ikosa, bita "babia umugani". MatRa Timofeevna yemera ko bidashoboka kwizi no kumenya abandi bahinzi. Hariho byinshi binyuranye, ibizamini, uburakari bwa ba nyir'inzu, uburakari buvuye ku bagabo be n'abavandimwe, vicisitude y'ibizaba. Matraine yemera ko mubagore nta byishimo:
"Urufunguzo rwo mu byishimo by'umugore, kuva volochushkit yacu y'ubuntu, yabuze Imana ubwe!"