Ubuzima
Tony Morrison ni umwanditsi ukomoka muri Amerika, bigliografiya bafite ibitabo byinshi, inkuru, gukina n'imigani. Yigishije muri kaminuza ya Princeton maze abarangiza igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel. Umwanditsi yayoboye ibikorwa byimibereho na politiki, kurengera inyungu z'abanyamerika b'Abanyafurika.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Tony Morrison yavukiye muri Ohio, mu mujyi wa Lorein, ku ya 18 Gashyantare 1931. IZINA RY'UMWANDITSWE ni Chloe Ardelia Wofford. Umuryango wazamuye abana bane. Papa yakoraga nk'urumuri kandi ahagaranye inyungu z'abantu boroheje, ibabwira abana. Kuva akiri muto, Tony yasomwe n'ibitabo by'inzoga z'intare na Jane Austin. Afite imyaka 12, yimukiye muri Gatolika, kandi hamwe na we yabonye izina rishya, ni bwo bwihimbano bw'umwanditsi.
Morrison yashoboye kugira amashuri meza. Yabaye umunyeshuri urangije Harvard na Kaminuza. Nyuma, Tony yayoboye ibikorwa bya Pedagogi muri kaminuza ya Texas na kaminuza ya Oliver Howard.
Mu 1964, umugore yakiriye umwanya wungirije umwanditsi wungirije munzu idasanzwe yo gusohora muri Syracuse maze atangira irekurwa ry'uburezi. Nyuma yimyaka 3, yazamuwe kugera kumwanya wumwanditsi mukuru.
Ibitabo
Ubwanyuma nuwatangajwe wa Tony, Morrison yakoraga impinduka, impinduka mumibereho na politiki. Inyandiko za mbere ya mbere yatwikiriye Angela Davis na Mohammed Ali. Umwanditsi yabaye umwanditsi w'ibitabo bijyanye na biografiya ya Abanyamerika bazwi muri Afurika.Mu myaka ya za 70, byabayeho mu mibereho yo guhanga y'umwanditsi. Mu biganza bye byaje kuzura igitabo "amaso meza yubururu". Gutekereza ku kazi nk'inkuru muri Seminari wa Kaminuza, umwanditsi yamurikiye urwikekwe rutandukanye. Kunegura byakomeje kwishimira igitabo.
Umushinga ukurikira Morrison yabaye igitabo "slah", cyasohotse mu 1972. Yavuze ku myifatire y'abagore ku mbogamizi z'abaturage ba Negro. Akazi kahindutse kuba mwiza kandi utorwa mugihe cyibitabo byigihugu.
Byoherejwe mu 1977 Indirimbo y'Abaroma "Indirimbo ya Salomo" ninkuru y'urugendo rwo mu mwuka y'intwari, wamenyereye umuryango we. Igitabo cyahawe ibihembo byinshi byo mu buvanganzo, hamwe na folklore leitmotif, wari uhari muri yo, yasanze gukomeza mu 1981 ".
Mu 1987, inyandiko ya mukundwa, yabaye umukiza wa shaurer nibihembo byitiriwe Nobel mu rwego rw'ubuvanganzo. Akazi gashingiye kubintu nyabyo, kandi ubucakara bwarahindutse umutwe wibisobanuro. Igitabo cyamenyekanye nkumuhanga, nimpuguke zimufata neza mu mwuga wa Tony Morrison.
Igitabo cyabaye nk'ishingiro ry'ikigo, uruhare runini aho Oprah yinfrey yakozwe. Ibyamamare byumwanditsi byakuze cyane. Amafoto ye, ibibazo n'amagambo yo mu bikorwa byatangajwe ibitabo by'ubuso.
Umusanzu w'ingenzi wa Morrison mu bitabo Abanyamerika byashyizwe ahagaragara mu buzima. Usibye imirimo y'ubuvanganzo na Pedagogi, Tony yabonye igihe cyo kwitabira urufatiro rw'abagore, kandi akenshi bahinduka umuvugizi kuri Kongere y'Abanyamerika b'Abanyafurika.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Kuba umwigisha wa kaminuza ya Oliver Hauard, Tony yahuye n'ubwubatsi bwa Jamayike, wabaye uwo bashakanye. Umwanditsi yafashe izina ry'umugabo we, ahimbaza.
Abahungu babiri bavukiye kurongora, ariko ubuzima bwihariye bwa bombi ntabwo bwagenze. Mu 1964, gutandukana byabaye. Ibindi byera by'umwuga byubatswe, kurera abana bonyine.
Urupfu
Umwanditsi yapfuye afite imyaka 89 Kanama 2019. Impamvu z'urupfu ntabwo zikubiye mu kiganiro n'abanditsi ba hafi kandi ntibatangazwa mu bitangazamakuru. Birazwi ko Tony yarwaniye nindwara ngufi.Bibliografiya
- 1970 - "Amaso meza yubururu"
- 1973 - "Slah"
- 1977 - Indirimbo ya Salomo
- 1981 - "Smolyn Chuchcheko"
- 1987 - "Bakundwa"
- 1992 - "Jazz"
- 1999 - "Iparadizo"
- 2003 - "Urukundo"
- 2008 - "Impuhwe"
- 2012 - "Inzu"
- 2016 - "Mana, komeza umwana wanjye"