Ubuzima
Izina ry'umuyobozi uzwi cyane w'Ubudage na Otirishiya Johannes Brahms yafashe umwanya wicyubahiro mu bahimbyi batatu bahimbye, aho ludwig vanhoven na johann bach bari binjiye. Umugani w'Aba piyanori, umuyobozi n'umwanditsi bakomeje umuco w'abayangirije maze bandika imirimo myinshi ya Piyano, urugingo, amajwi, amajwi, icyiza cya orchestre.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Johannes wa Brahms wavutse ku ya 7 Gicurasi 1833, yagize amahirwe, kuko yabaye umuhungu w'ikidage cy'umudage ufite impano yo mu rwego rwo kwihanganira impano, yari afite umugozi n'ibicurangisho bya muzika. Umwuga wo mu mugore we, Joanna Nissen, wakoranye na Seaphstresse y'urugo, Johann yatangiye kwigisha dipolome ya kabiri yaka na Azam ikina inanga na selilo.
Mu 1842, umuhungu yahawe kwitabwaho na mwarimu Otto Kosel amenya urufatiro rw'ifatizo na piyano. Bitewe n'ubuyobozi bw'umujyanama w'inararibonye mu myaka ya 10, Brahms yatangiye gutanga ibitaramo, kandi mu 1845 umuhungu wahimbye sonatoo ya mbere yigenga.
Ababyeyi barwanyaga umwihariko, ariko umujyanama yashoboye kubemeza, kandi Johannes yimukiye mu cyiciro cy'uwahimbye Markessen, yazanye imirimo ya Franz SCHESEN, Wolz Schuben, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart na Josef Haidna.
Mu 1849, igihe uwahimbye na Piyano hamwe na Piyani bashishikaye mu gitaramo, Cranz ishikamye yahawe uburenganzira ku nyandiko ze kandi arekurwa n'umuziki washyizweho na Pseudonym G. W. Ibimenyetso. Izina ryumwimerere ryatangiye gukoresha kuva ku ya 1851, nyuma yo gutangaza "Scharzo cyangwa.4" n'indirimbo "Garuka mu Mubyeyi" ("Heimkehr"), nyuma yarasenyutse kubera kutanyurwa no gutunganizwa.
Kubera abo bahagaze, societe yatangiye gukwirakwiza ibintu bishimishije avuga ko Johannes yakuyeho imirimo yo hambere, kuko yumvikanye mu tubari no mu nzira, ariko ibihuha byahise bigenwa.
Umuziki
Mu 1853, Brahms yasuye uruzinduko rwe bwite kuri Robert Shuman maze ahabwa isuzuma rikomeye ryacapishijwe mu kiganiro "Umuhanda ukiri muto". Ibi bisera bikabije kwicisha bugufi kandi byateje impungenge zo kudahuza amanota menshi. Kubwibyo, kureka igihe uhereye kwerekana ibyanditswe byayo, Brahms yatanze ibitaramo. Mu 1852, maze kubona icyamamare cy'umuhanzi, yahisemo gutangaza atanga ibisobanuro ashyikiriza inyandiko za Piyano ebyiri n'indirimbo by Leipzig Cyiza Breitkopf & Härtel.
Ariko, Brahms yakurikiranye kandi kunanirwa byatangiye hamwe no kunanirwa kwambere mu gitaramo mu itumba ryo mu 1859. No ku kiganiro cya kabiri, iby'igitabo cy'abaturage cyaje kubanga ku buryo umwanditsi n'umuhanzi byabaye ngombwa ko bava mu mpera zitaragera. Bitewe na Johannes, bababazwa ku bafana n'abanenga, bavanze mu mpaka zerekeye Leta y'Ubudage kandi bagatanga igitero ku "ishuri rishya", riyobowe na Richard Wagner na Ferinets.
Isuzuma nk'iryo ryari rihagije kugira ngo twibagirwe uko ibintu bimeze mu gihugu, maze atura muri Academy ya Sovic, afata umwanya w'umutwe n'umuyobora. Uwahimbye nyuma atura i Baden-baden, atangira gukora ku mirimo izwi cyane, harimo "Ikidage Requiem", nyuma yo kongeramo umucuruzi wa nyuma wenyine ", yagize icyo ageraho.
Muri icyo gihe kimwe, uwahimbye yerekanye urukurikirane rwuzuye rwa "Imbyino ya Hongiriya" n'ikigera kuri Waltz kuri Quartet na Piyano. Kubera ko hakurikijwe intsinzi ya Brahms, byashobokaga kurangiza imirimo imaze igihe kirekire kandi byarangije kurekura Katata, "Symphony" ya "lullaby", na "Rhapsoby" izwi cyane. mugenzi wawe, korari yumugabo na orchestre.
Kuyobora abahanzi bo mu muziki wa Vienne, Johannes yateguye premiere y'ibiremwa bishya, aho, hamwe no kumvikana "n'indirimbo z'ijwi", byanditswe na korari ivanze ", byanditswe mu 1874.
Nyuma yibyo, icyubahiro cy'uwahimbye cyarenze imbibi by'Uburayi bw'Uburayi bwo hagati, na Brahms yahawe imitwe ihanitse, icyubahiro n'ibihembo, kandi izwi kandi nk'umuturage w'icyubahiro wa Hamburg. Mu 1882, yatumiriwe gusohoza igitaramo cya kabiri cya piyano, aherekejwe na orchestre y'urukiko rw'isi yose no gutuma imiti izwi cyane yo kubyina muri Hongiriya kuri funofesi yazanwe na phonoce.
Mu myaka ya 1890, igihe imirimo yari imeze ku mpinga yo gukundwa, Brahms nyuma yo kumenyera hamwe na Johann Strauss II mu buryo butunguranye bwahisemo kuva mu buryo butunguranye kuva mu nyandiko no kuvuga nk'uwuyobora n'umuyobozi. Ariko ibitekerezo bisigaye bitagereranywa, bisubiraho guhanga kandi bigahinduka muri Trio na Sonatas kuri Clarinwat nurutonde rurerure rwa interineti nandi makinamico.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Nubwo kumenyekana kure no gukundwa, Brahms yananiwe kubona umunezero mubuzima bwe bwite kandi, nk'uko ibyangombwa byububiko, bitagira umugore cyangwa abana. Yabonye kwizirika cyane kuri Clare Schuman, ariko na nyuma y'urupfu rubabaje rw'uwo mwashakanye, umucuranzi ukomeye n'uwahimbye, yagumanye na we mu kwigaragaza kwumva.
Mu 1859, inyota yo guhumurizwa n'umuryango yatumye Johannes yishora mu mukobwa muto Agata von Zhibolt, ufite ubuntu bwa Aristocrat n'ijwi ryumvikana ryafashwe. Ariko ibitutsi bya Clara n'ibiganiro bivuka hirya no hino byatumye habaho gusezerana, bava mu kimenyetso mu "mibonano mpuzabitsina" sool ".
Nyuma yo gutandukana, Brahms yabaye umuntu ufunze, yagaragaje amarangamutima gusa mubikorwa, kandi yemeye gusa ko ntakintu na kimwe cyasobanuye umuririmbyi wa Barbie Aley hamwe numurongo wa gicuti numufana wa Elizabeth von Gezogenberg.
Urupfu
Mu 1896, Brahms yavumbuye jaundice, yateje ikibyimba ku mwijima, bidatinze umubiri wose wakubiswe. Ariko intege nke zakomeje guhimba umuziki kandi zigaragara kumugaragaro zakozwe na orchestre. Ijambo rya nyuma, ryabaye muri Werurwe 1897, ryateje ovation, maze Johannes ajya aho ashimira abaturage bakira neza.Ukwezi kumwe, ibintu byarabyibujije, kandi byabaye ngombwa ko yatereranye uruzinduko rwa Premiere ya Operetta Strauss "mu buryo bw'igitekerezo" kandi akamara iminsi yose mu nzu ya Vennese iminyururu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kanseri y'umwijima yakuye impirimbanyi z'ingabo z'uwahimbye kandi igatera urupfu ku ya 3 Mata 1897.
Umurambo w'imyaka 63 washyinguwe mu mva ziherereye mu irimbi rya Otirishiya ZenéefferishedHof, munsi y'urwibutso rw'ubwubatsi bw'Ububiligi Ilgian Ilze Von TVELOV.
Imirimo ya muzika
- 1853 - OP. 1 "Sonata No 1" kuri Piyano C-Dur
- 1854 - OP. 9 "Gutandukana ku ngingo R. Shuman" kuri piyano
- 1857 - OP. 11 "Serenade Umubare 1" kuri d-dur orchestre
- 1858 - OP. 15 "Igitaramo No 1" kuri piyano hamwe na orchestre d-moll
- 1861 - OP. 24 "Gutandukana na Fugue kuri Handel" kuri Piyano B-Dur
- 1864 - OP. 32 "Kubeshya und gesänge" ("indirimbo na tunes")
- 1865 - OP. 36 "Umugozi Sextet Umubare 2" G-DURUR
- 1868 - OP. 45 "Ikidage Requiem" kubaririmbyi, korari na orchestre
- 1869 - OP. 50 "rinaldo" cantata kuri tenoru, korari yumugabo na orchestre
- 1870 - OP. 52 "Liebeserielder-Walzer" ("Indirimbo z'urukundo") Valtza kuri Quartet Vocal na Piyano amaboko ane
- 1870 - OP. 53 "rapsoody" kuri mugenzi we, korari y'abagabo na orchestre ("alto Rhapsody")
- 1876 - OP. 68 "Symphony No 1" C-Moll
- 1877 - OP. 73 "Symphony No 2" D-Dur
- 1879 - OP. 79 "rapsoody kuri piyano"
- 1885 - OP. 98 "Symphony No 4" E-Moll
- 1892 - OP. 117 "Intermezto eshatu" kuri piyano
- 1896 - OP. 122 "Elf ChoralVeorpiele" ("Clall Clam idasanzwe") ku rugingo