Ubuzima
Antonin Dvorak - Umuhimbyi wa Ceki, ibihimbano byabo bivuga ubwoko bwurukundo. Mubyo yaremye, umwanditsi yahujije ibiyobyabwenge bya kera nibiranga gakondo biranga umuziki w'igihugu. Abakenguzamatwi bashimye ubuhanga bwa Maestro n'ubwiza bwihariye bwa Melodies byaremwe. Umurage wo guhanga wa mucuranzi urimo Waltza, operas, gusetsa, ibitaramo, simponies n'imvugo.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Antonin Leopold Dvorak yagaragaye ku ya 8 Nzeri 1841 mu mudugudu uri hafi y'Ikigo Nelagozes mu muryango wa Butcher. Ubwenegihugu, ababyeyi be bari Abanya Ceki. Umuryango wahaye agaciro gakomeye imigenzo yigihugu cyabo kavukire. Se yabariye resitora, akazi yashoboye guhuza nibikorwa nyamukuru. Mu bihe byo kwidagadura, yakundaga gukina citra. Antonin yahuye n'umuziki.
Mukuru, umuhungu yabonye ku mirimo y'abantu bakuru, yafashijwe mu iterambere ry'umuryango, ariko umutima we ushishikajwe n'indirimbo. Mu myaka 6, ababyeyi bagaragaje ko umuhungu w'ishuri. Usibye inyuguti no kubara, yigishijwe no kuba umuziki Asam. Umwarimu wa mbere w'umuhungu yabaye Joseph Spitz, Minisitiri w'itorero. Antonin yatoye igikoresho cyabana cya mbere na nyuma yimyaka 2 amaze kwidagadura nabasuye injyana ya se Lyrical Lyrical Lyrical. Dvorak na yo yakoraga imirimo mu itorero.
Ku myaka 9, yarangije kwiga ishuri maze yoherezwa mu mujyi wa Zlonens. Hano Antonin yari iyo kwigira ku bubata. Umuhungu yabaga na nyirarume, wasobanuye mwishywa mwishuri yiga Ikidage. Kantor Antonin Lehman yari umwarimu wishuri. Yabonye ubushobozi bwo guhanga bwumwangavu atangira kumuha amasomo yo gucuranga piyano n'ingingo.
Umusore Dvorak yahujije akazi gakomeye ku bwicanyi hamwe n'amasomo ahumuka kandi mu 1856 yakiriye inyandiko yo gukora nk'itsinda. Muri icyo gihe, umuryango we wose wimukiye muri Zloniya, se ahitamo kohereza umuhungu we kwiga muri Kamenets ya Ceki. Nyuma yibyo, Antonin yabaye umunyeshuri wishuri ryimbere i Prague.
Inzozi zambere zumwuga zurubyiruko zari zifitanye isano numurimo wumunyamuryango mu itorero. Buhoro buhoro, yamenyereye imirimo y'abahimbyi bakomeye yumva byinshi kandi muri we ubwayo kugira ngo atange ibintu bikomeye. Kuba yarize ubwumvikane, kubaka fugies na prede, guhuza, umucuranzi yambaye ubuhanga bwumurongo kumirongo.
Umuziki
Iyo urangije amahugurwa ku ishuri, DVARAK irashobora guhinduka umurinzi wo mucyaro, ariko aguma i Prague. Kuva ku ya 1850, yakoraga nk'umuntu wa Altist muri Karelle Karelie Komzak, kandi mu 1862 yabaye umucuranzi w '"Ikinamico y'agateganyo. Mu myaka ya 1866, igice cye ni umworozi. Uwahimbye yakoze imirimo ya Ferenz, Hector Berlioz, Richard Wagner, Mikhail Glinka.
Guhindukira igitekerezo cya opera, Dvorak yaretse orchestre. Premiere ya "umwami n'umusambanyi" byabereye mu 1874. Opera yaratsinze bidasanzwe, kandi, yatewe inkunga no gutsinda, Dvorak yatangiye kwandika afite akazi gakomeye. Opera "Wanda", "intagondwa", "uruhinja", n'imirimo mito, harimo "iyemezo bya Moraviya". Nyuma, ibyaremwe byashimiwe cyane na Johannes Brahms.
Nubwo ibintu byo guhanga, iyi mibereho ya Dvorak ntibyari byoroshye. Batatu Abana be barapfuye, byagize ingaruka ku guhanga. Umwanditsi yihanganiye akababaro, umubabaro no kwifuza, wagize uburambe kubera kubura. Gusa na 1878 gusa yashoboye guhangana nigihombo gikomeye. Umugore yamuhaye umukobwa, kandi ikintu cyibyishimo cyashyizeho umucuranzi muburyo bwiza.
Umuziki Umwanditsi Fritz watsindiye abatishoboye icyegeranyo cyikinamico "glavic. Umusaruro we waranzwe no kwitwara neza kw'abanenga. Abanya Melomaniya baguze inyandiko, kandi n'abamamaji bihutiye ko amategeko abiteganya. Antonin yarasabwe. Mu kinyamakuru Prague, guhindura ingingo ya Prague yo kunegura Ikidage yagaragaye, kandi umubare munini w'abatumirwa bateraniye mu gitaramo cya Dvoraik. Intsinzi yari imbonankubone.
Antonina Dvorakik yatowe n'umwe mu bagize club y'imibare irema "Ikiganiro cya Clevetskaya," maze yerekeza ku cyerekezo cya muzika cy'ubumwe. Uwahimbye rero atangira gukora nk'umunyampeke mu marushanwa ya muzika. Icyamamare cye cyahindutse cyiza. Nta gitaramo cyakoze udafite isohozwa ry'imirimo ye, ahubwo ni ibyo yaremye byatanzwe bahawe amafaranga menshi.
Mu 1884, yakiriye ubutumire mu Bwongereza, aho yakiriwe neza. Muri urwo rugendo, Antonin yahuye na Peter Tchaikovsky na nyuma y'Ubwongereza basura Uburusiya hamwe na rugendo. Urugo rwarakariye hano.
Mu 1901, Premiere ya Opreza uzwi cyane ya Opera "Mermaid" yabaye, yongeye kwibutswa impano nini cyane. Mubikorwa bigezweho bya Dvoraik, byanditswe mbere y'urupfu, byari "umutware", umwanditsi yarangiye mu 1904.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1873, Antonin DVARAK yashakanye. Yatoranije yari umukobwa we umwenda Anna Chermarakova. Ubuzima bwihariye bwumucuranzi wa Nouvice yari ahagije, ariko umwanya wubutunzi wavuye kubashakanye wagaragaye. Abana bahise bagaragara mu muryango. Kugira ngo Dvorak yakoraga nk'umunyamuryango mu itorero rya Mutagatifu Loetha.
Amafaranga yabuze cyane, kandi uwahimbye yatanze burube yo gutinda kwimibare mibi. Komisiyo yakusanyije yo gusuzuma icyifuzo ari Brahms. Kwemeza ibikorwa byo guhanga DVARAK, bigaragariza abacamanza ba Symphony ya 3 na 4.
Komisiyo yemeje itangwa ry'inyungu. Yahawe umucuranzi imyaka 5. Imfashanyo y'amafaranga yari mu gihe kitoroshye, iyo abana bato b'abashakanye bapfuye.
Urupfu
Antonin DVarak yapfuye ku ya 1 Gicurasi 1904. Impamvu y'urupfu yarumvaga ubwonko. Imva ye iherereye i Prague ku irimbi rya Vigiserad. No mumujyi hari inzu ndangamurage yeguriwe ubuzima bwuwahimbye.Uyu munsi, izina rye ryibukwa n'abantu bafite uburere mu muziki, ariko umuntu udasanzwe mu muhanda yibuka Nobork, yumva "" udapfa ". Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, umusanzu wumucuranzi mwishuri ryibi ni ngombwa. Igishushanyo cye gishyirwa mubitabo byihariye nibitabo ..
Imirimo ya muzika
- 1870 - "Alfred"
- 1871 - "Umwami na coil"
- 1874 - "Intagondwa"
- 1875 - "Wanda"
- 1877 - "Abasuka"
- 1886 - Oratoia "Saint Llymila"
- 1890 - "Requiem"
- 1900 - "Mermaid"
- 1904 - "ARTD"