Ubuzima
ZININAIDA Serebryakova numuhanzi wu Burusiya wakoraga muburyo bwa portrait. Byaturutse ku muryango wubwenge. Muburyo bwo guhanga Serebryakov, impengamiro yishusho ya kamere, abantu, ariko haracyariho ibimera. Ni ibyuma cya "Isi yubuhanzi", icyerekezo cyo kwiyamamaza cyari cyirindwa. Rimwe mubufaransa mu ntangiriro ya 1930, Zikinaida Serebryakov igihe kirekire nticyashoboraga gusubira murugo. Yabonye ubwenegihugu bw'Ubufaransa kandi bwongera guhura na bene wabo gusa mu 1966. Uyu munsi, imirimo ye igaragara mu nzu ndangamurage zizwi cyane ku isi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
ZININADA LANCER yavutse ku ya 28 Ugushyingo (10 Ukuboza) yo mu 1884. Iri torero ryari kuri se. Umuryango w'abakobwa wabayeho mu buryo bwiringiro munsi ya Kharkov. Ntabwo bitangaje kuba biografiya ye yaje guhuzwa nubuhanzi. Se wumuhanzi uzaza yakoraga nkaba umunyabyaha, nyina yakoraga ibishushanyo, sekuru yari abunzi bazwi Nikolai, nikolai, nikolai wenua, kandi bene benshi bitangiye ubuhanzi.
Ibyiza byiza hamwe nimpano zo guhanga ntabwo zasuzumwe mubidukikije nibintu bidasanzwe. Kubwibyo, icyifuzo cya Zina kumenya mubuhanzi bwubuhanzi cyagaragaye nkibyatanzwe. Yakuze hamwe n'abavandimwe. Nyuma, umuto yabaye umwubatsi, kandi mukuru ni umurangi.
Imyaka y'urubyiruko ya Zikinada yakomeje i St. Petersburg, aho umuryango wimutse nyuma y'urupfu rwa se. Iherezo ry'Umukobwa ryakoraga nyirarume Alexander Benoit. Serebryakova yarangije imikino ngororamubiri y'abagore mu 1900 maze aba umunyeshuri w'ishuri ry'ubuhanzi. Ibyingenzi byubuhanzi busumbuye, yababajwe nubuyobozi bwa Ilya Recon, hamwe no mumahugurwa, yayobowe na Osip Braz. Mu 1902-1903, Zina yarayisuye mu Butaliyani, yawushishikarije cyane.
Gushushanya
Ibikorwa bya mbere byerekanaga uburyo bwumuhanzi hamwe numwanditsi wumwanditsi. Kwiga umurage ndangamuco k'isi, Serebryakova yari ashishikajwe n'imiterere ya plastike, impengamiro y'abanditsi mugaragaza. Byari bishimishwa na kamere, ubwumvikane nubuzima gakondo bwuburusiya. Mu byokunzwe Zakinada yari Nikola Poussin, Peter Rubens, Veney Venetiyani.
Akenshi ureba mucyaro kitari Pie kukazi, Serebryakov yabigaragaje mububiko bwabo. Kuba ku bibero bya kamere, yishimiye ibyiza, yapimaga ubuzima bwimitungo, imitungo ya plastike kukazi. Kureba gusarura cyangwa indi mirimo yaho, umuhanzi yahumetswe n'imirimo mishya.
Mu bishushanyo bya mbere bya Zikinaida Serebryakova - "Umukobwa w'abahinzi", wanditse mu 1906, "ubusitani bwimbuto mu ibara" 1908. Umwanditsi yumvise neza insanganyamatsiko ye mu gushushanya yari ihuriro ry'ubwiza bwa kamere kavukire hafi y'iminsi myiza hamwe na abantu.
Ishusho yazanywe na ZINIAIDA yari icyamamare yari igishushanyo cyitwa "ku musarani" cyaremwe muri 1909. Yagaragajwe na Venice y'ubumwe bw'abahanzi b'Abarusiya mu 1910. Noneho abari bateze amatwi babonye akazi ka "Shows", amashusho yabavandimwe banditse umuhanzi. Kurema Serebryakov yakiriye kumenyekana mu 1914-1917, nyuma yo kwerekana urukurikirane rw'ibishushanyo bijyanye n'intara y'Uburusiya n'ubuzima bw'abahinzi. Mubikorwa bizwi byiki gihe - "abahinzi", "gusarura" na "umuhinzi uryamye".
Mu 1917, abari bateze amatwi babonye akazi bita "canvas cyera", aho umucowi wa mwanditsi yagaragaye. ZININAIDA yerekanaga imibare minini y'abakobwa barwanya inyuma yijuru. Ibihimbano bihuza indege nyinshi za shade ya nziza, yuzuye. Umurimo ukina umurimo w'abantu basanzwe, wubahwa Serebryakov.
Insanganyamatsiko zatowe n'umwanditsi ku kazi zabigeneye umutwe mu gace kagenewe umuryango wa "Isi y'ubuhanzi", wari ufitwe na Serebryakov. Mu 1916, yabaye umufasha wa nyirarume Alexander Newua afite igishushanyo cya sitazi ya Kazan maze akora muri sosiyete Evgeny Lancer, Boris Kustodiev, MStislav Dobuzhinsky.
Mu bashishikajwe na ZININAIDA, ibihugu by'iburasirazuba byari imitekerereze idasanzwe yanyuze ku bishushanyo by'abagore. Mu gusobanura Ubuyapani, Turukiya, Ubuhinde, yakoraga kandi mu mashyi ajyanye na kera. Nibyo, gushushanya byinshi kumitwe yanyuma ntigumye kitarangwa. Umugaba ufite igitsina cyatangiye akamaro kanini mubikorwa bya Serebryakova. Coquetry, umunezero wo kubyara, umubabaro woroshye, wasobanuwe na brush we, wari umeze udasanzwe.
Iherezo ry'ubuhanzi ryari rigoye. Nyuma yumuriro wabereye i Neskuchny, umuryango wumuryango waje gusenywa namahugurwa ye. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, yakomeje kuba umupfakazi nyuma yurupfu rwabashakanye na Tifosi. Umuryango wabayeho cyane, hamwe nishusho "cardouse", yaremwe muriki gihe, ikemeza agaciro kayo.
Umukobwa wa SerebRyakova yinjiye mu nama ya ballet, kandi kuva icyo gihe mu mirimo y'umugore hari insanganyamatsiko y'imikino. Umuhanzi yanditse ballerin kuri myitozo na mbere yo kujya muri stage, ariko ntiyabonye kunyurwa nakazi ke. Kuva mu 1920, yigishije mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi. ZININAIDA yirinze uburyo bwo kwiyamamaza, yinjiye mubuhanzi muri iki gihe, akomeza uburenganzira bwimico n'imigenzo ya Mirrirknikov.
Mu 1924, muri Amerika habaye imurikagurisha ry'ubufasha ryabereye muri Amerika, ryazanye intsinzi n'umuhanzi. Yakiriye itegeko ryo gushushanya imirasire i Paris. Nyuma yo kurangiza imirimo, hagiye gusubira mu gihugu, ariko kubera ko muri politiki abantu bakomeje kuguma mu Bufaransa. Hanyuma akurikira intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose. Ubuzima bwo mu mahanga bwari kuri ZINIAI bishimye, bifuza ko igihugu cyagaragaye mubikorwa byayo cyaremewe nyuma ya 1924. Yagombaga kureka ubwenegihugu kugira ngo yirinde gutotezwa mu mahanga.
Realsism hamwe na balk insanganyamatsiko iracyitabira amashusho ye. Gutembera, SerebRyakova yitabiriye Brittany, Alijeriya ndetse anasura Maroc. Amashusho yabantu basanzwe bahoraga bahari mumashusho. Imiterere ya kamere n'umuntu, umuhanzi arababara cyane ku gihugu cye kandi ahagarika itumanaho n'abakunzi.
Mu 1966, imurikagurisha ry'ibishushanyo ZINAIDA Serebryakova byabereye i Leningrad, Moscou na Kiev wakiriye abahanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi n'abaturage. Umunsi ukwirakwiza wateguye abana be n'inshuti. Amashusho menshi nuwanditse yabonetse ninzungo ndangamurage, kandi izina rye ryamenyekanye muri Leta zunze ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umugabo wumuhanzi yari umugabo wari wa Boris Serebryaki hafi ye kuva mu bwana. Ngwino na ZINIDA hamwe na mubyara we, aracyakundana na mwene wabo, kandi ibiganiro bijyanye n'ubukwe bwaje mugihe cyo kuguma muri Neskuchny. Itorero ntitwashishikarizwa gushyingirwa byegeranye rero, uruhushya rw'ubukwe bw'urubyiruko rwabonye igihe kirekire. Mu 1905, aha se ingano ya 300, kavukire yateguye ubukwe.
Boris ntabwo yari ashishikajwe n'ubuhanzi. Yabaye injeniyeri wa gari ya moshi kandi mu ntambara yo mu Burusiya n'Ikiyapani yari muri Manchuria mu bikorwa. ZININAIDA irota irangi. Itandukaniro riri mu nyungu ntiribangamira kuri yo kurota ejo hazaza. Ubuzima bwihariye bwurubyiruko bwarishimye. Bamaze umwaka i Paris kugeza kuri ZINIIDA bize kuri de la Manli Gress Malewiri, kandi Boris - mumashuri makuru yikiraro n'imihanda. Gusubira mu rugo, buri wese muri bo yakomeje gutera imbere mu mwuga, kandi abandi bana bane bagaragaye mu muryango: abahungu 2 n'abakobwa 2.
Mu kwimuka kwa ZININAIDA, umuhungu wa Eugene n'umukobwa wa Tatiana bagumanye nyogokuru. Babayeho gukomera, no mu 1933 nyina wa ZININAIDA yapfuye azize inzara n'imibereho mibi. Eugene yabaye umwubatsi, maze Tatiana atangira gukora nk'umuhanzi muri theatre. Kurota nongeye guhura na nyina, bahamagaye igihugu cye mu myaka ya za 1930, ubwo leta ya Ussr yatumiye Umuhanzi gusubira mu rugo. Ariko Zinaida yahise akora mu Bubiligi kandi ntashobora gusiga itegeko ridarangiye.
Urupfu
ZININADA Serebryakov yapfiriye i Paris igihe yari afite imyaka 82. Impamvu z'urupfu zari zisanzwe. Nubwo umuhanzi yabaga mu mahanga imyaka myinshi, mu gihugu cye, izina rye ryibuka kandi rikomeza kwibuka umurimo umwe mu bagore ba mbere beza. Inzu ndangamurage yategure buri gihe imurikagurisha ry'imirimo ye, mu bitabo ku ifoto y'ubuhanzi ryatangajwe ry'umwanditsi. Umukobwa wa SerebRyakova, Catherine, nyuma y'urupfu rwa nyina yaremye urufatiro rw'urukundo rw'izina rye.Gushushanya
- 1909 - "Ku musarani. Kwishushanya "
- 1913 - "Banya"
- 1914 - "yo gufata ifunguro rya mu gitondo" ("kuri sasita")
- 1915 - "Gusarura"
- 1916 - "Ubuhinde"
- 1924 - "Ubwiherero bwa Ballet"
- 1932 - "Maroc mu myambarire yijimye"
- 1934 - "Umugore mubururu"
- 1940 - "Yambaye ubusa afite igitabo"
- 1948 - "Biracyari ubuzima hamwe na pome n'umugati uzengurutse"