Ralph Waldo Emerson - Ifoto, ubuzima, ubuzima bwihariye, urupfu, ibisigo, inyandiko

Ubuzima

Ralph Waldo Emerson numubwiriza wumunyamerika, filozofiya, umusizi numwanditsi. Yabaye uwashinze ingengabitekerezo mashya, yahaye abayoboke be ibinyomo bishya byo guhanga.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Ralph yavukiye mu muryango w'umupadiri William n'uwo bye Rusi ku ya 25 Gicurasi 1803 i Boston. Mu muryango mugari, yari umwe mu bahungu batanu barokotse, abandi bana batatu bapfuye mubana bato. Igihe umuhungu yari afite imyaka 8, papa yapfuye azize kanseri y'isi. Byongeye kandi, nyina na nyirasenge bararezwe - mushiki wabo kavukire wa Papa witwa Mary Mudi. Umuhuza hafi kuri we yarazigamye kugeza apfuye Mariya.

Kwiga Ralph byatangiriye mu ishuri rya Boston mu 1812, kandi nyuma yimyaka 5, umusore yinjiye harvard. Kugira ngo yishyure amasomo yabo, byabaye ngombwa ko akora nk'umukozi, kubera ko umuryango nyuma yo kubura se yari abizi.

Emerson yatangiye kwangirika ubuzima bwe afite imyaka 23, maze ajya gushaka ikirere kibereye mu majyepfo y'igihugu. Igihe kimwe i Augustin muri Floride, umusore ku nshuro ya mbere mu mirimo ye yatangiye kwandika ibisigo. Ngaho, yahuye na Nephalonid ya Napoleon witwa Achille Murat, wagize uruhare mu iterambere n'uburezi bya Ralph.

Kurema

Mu 1829, itorero rya Boston ryamutumiye ngo abe Pasiteri. Ariko, nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugore wa mbere, Ralph yatengushye imyizerere y'idini. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1837, Emerson yasomye urukurikirane rw'inyigisho kuri filozofiya mu rusengero rwa Masonic - habaye intangiriro y'umwuga we w'ikigwari. Inyungu yari myinshi kuruta uko yakiriye byose, nuko umugabo yahisemo kubona ibiganiro wenyine. Nyuma yigihe, Emerson yagurishije Amerika yose, Kanada no mu gice cy'Uburayi.Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Igikorwa cya mbere cyubuvanganzo cyari igitabo "kuri kamere", cyanditswe mu 1836. Nubwo kopi 500 gusa, yabaye Manifeste yo kurenga - umutwe wa filozofiya. Ishingiro ryiki cyerekezo ni ugusubizwa kamere yakozwe na kamere no kurugamba rwo kurwanya isi yubukorikori yaremwe numuntu.

Mu 1840, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya yafashe umwanditsi w'ikinyamakuru Cyitwa Clesscendel Dial. Yakunze gufasha intangiriro abanditsi kandi basohora akazi kabo mubitabo. Nyuma yimyaka 4, ikinyamakuru kirahagarika gukora. Hariho amagambo Horace Grills Grill ko igihugu cyatakaje inyandiko yumwimerere mumateka yo guhamagara.

Emerson yongeye kwandika ibiganiro bye, gushyiraho icyegeranyo cy'inyandiko: "Inyandiko", "Presophy" n'abandi. Mu mpera za 1874, icyegeranyo cyimirongo cyitwa "Parnass" cyagaragaye muri Bibliografiya ye, harimo imirimo y'abasizi, Julia Carolina Dorr, Julia Carolina Dorr, Jean Ingleu, Lucy Land, hamwe n'abandi.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Emerson yahuye n'umugore wa mbere Ellen Louise Tucker muri Conford mu 1827 amurongora afite imyaka 18. Uyu mukobwa yari arembye cyane igituntu, nyina wa Ralph yagombaga kubajyana i Boston no kwita kuri Ellen. Nyuma yimyaka 2 mubuzima bwumuryango, umugore wa Emerson yarapfuye. Umupfakazi yishwe nintimba kandi akenshi yasuraga imva yumukunzi we.

Ishimwe rya Batty Amashusho

Bidatinze, ubuzima bwe bwateye imbere. Mu gihe cy'itumba cyo mu 1835, Emerson yanditse ibaruwa ya Lidiya Jackson ari icyifuzo cye n'imitima, aramusubiza yemera. Lidiya yari umunyabwenge kandi yitwara kubucakara no kuburenganzira bwumugore.

Ku ya 14 Nzeri muri uwo mwaka, umugabo washatse lydia Jackson mu mujyi yavukiyemo Plymouth maze yimukira mu nzu nshya i Countherd, agura mu gihe cyo guhanga umuryango. Uwo mwashakanye yamuhaye abana bane - Waldo, Ellen, Edith na Edward Waldo Emerson. Umukobwa Ellen yitiriwe umugore wa mbere wa Filozofiya, Lidiya ashyigikiye iyi cyemezo cy'umugabo we.

Urupfu

Guhera mu 1867, ubuzima bwa Emerson bwatangiye gukomera, yanditse cyane mu myanda ye. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1872, yatangiye ibibazo mu kwibuka, kandi imyaka icumi arangiye, atangira kwibagirwa izina rye.

Mu 1879 byari ngombwa guhagarika disikuru rusange. Ku ya 21 Mata 1882 bamusanganye umukunzi wagiranye umusonga, watumye urupfu nyuma y'iminsi 6 nyuma y'ibyo. Emerson yashyinguwe mu ngwabusi asinziriye, Counth, Massachusetts.

Amagambo

• "Kubuzima, fata akamenyero ko gukora ibitinya. Niba ukora ibyo utinya, ubwoba bwawe birashoboka ko bwarapfuye. "
• "Kunywa itabi bigufasha kwizera ko ukora ikintu mugihe ntacyo ukora"
• "Umuntu wese ari wenyine wenyine wenyine; Uburyarya butangira iyo umuntu akubiye mucyumba
• "Inzira yonyine yo kugira inshuti igomba kuba wenyine"

Bibliografiya

• "Ibyerekeye Kamere"
• "Ubwigenge"
• "Indishyi"
• "Ox-roho"
• "Uruziga"
• "Umusizi"
• "Inararibonye"
• "Politiki"
• "Umuhanga wo muri Amerika"
• "Abavugurura bashya b'Ubwongereza"