Amateka y'inyuguti
Ifu nto - intwari yizina rimwe ryumugani, wakozwe numwanditsi w'Ubudage-Romantike Wilhelm Gauf. Umugambi ushimishije ufite uburyohe bwiburasirazuba, ikirere cyubumaji nibintu byimyitwarire byatumye umurimo wa Classique wigisha uzwi cyane mubudage, ahubwo urenze kure igihugu.Umwanditsi
Umuremyi w'inkuru yerekeye ifu nto, Wilhelm Gauf - Uzwi mu Budage n'umwanditsi wa Romanov na 13 mu gitabo. Kimwe nabandi banditsi b'Abadage-Roma bakundanye bakunda Folklore, Gauf harimo ibintu byabantu imigani n'imigani. Mubihangano byo guhanga bya kera bya kera, ibitabo 3 byumugani byaranzwe, aho umwanditsi yerekanye inkuru zumwimerere.
Ibitabo by'igice cya mbere cya "Almanacac by'Umugani mu 1826 ku bahungu n'abakobwa bimasomo beza", binjiye mu nkuru y'ifu, yubatswe mu myuga y'abataliyani "decameron" boccacio. Igikorwa kigenda mu butayu, gikurikirwa nabacuruzi hamwe ningamiya za caravan. Nimugoroba, abagenzi bakora ingofero, kandi umwe muribo avuga inkuru nziza, yuzuyemo amayobera, ibintu byo guhindura amarozi nibindi bisobanuro.
Usibye gukorana uburyohe bwiburasirazuba, mugikorwa cya wilhelm, imirimo myinshi, yari ishingiye kuri rubanda. Muri bo, "dwarf izuru", "umweru kandi yazutse", "umutima ukonje" n'abandi. Usibye imigani, Gauf yashyizeho ibitabo bibiri mubwoko bwa mysticism, ndetse n'umusigo ukomokamo nyuma yaje kuba indirimbo za rubanda.
Amateka ya Flour
Hamwe nibikubiye mumateka yimiterere nyamukuru, imigani yabasomyi itangiza umucuruzi ukiri muto Muley. Abanditsi bibuka uko mu bwana bwe n'umuturanyi we bituma bakurura umuntu w'amayobera w'igitabo kibaho hafi. Icyo gihe, ifu nto ntiyari muto, ariko ingimbi zakundaga ikibi kumusetsa. Umusaza amaze kudahagarara no kwitotombera se wurubuga ruto. Umuhungu yakatiwe igihano, hanyuma amenya inkuru y'umuturanyi.Nyuma y'urupfu rwa se, Muk yagumye adafite uburyo bwo kubaho kandi akomeza urugendo ashakisha ubuzima bwiza. Iyo couple nyuma yiminsi mike, intwari yabonye umujyi, yari asanzwe adafite imbaraga. Amaze kunyura mu mihanda yo mu mujyi, Muk yizeye ko azatanga ibiryo, ariko imiryango yagumye ifunga.
Mu buryo butunguranye, umusore yumvise umuntu ahamagara abashaka kurya iwe. Ku muhamagaro wo mu mpera zitandukanye z'umujyi batangiye guhunga injangwe n'imbwa. Intwari yahisemo kurenga inyamaswa - ntacyo bari bafite cyo gutakaza. Uwababaye mu nzu, umukecuru Ahavtssi, amaze kumva inkuru y'umugenzi unaniwe, aramugambaza akamuburira kandi anabafasha kuba umufasha, yita ku matungo ye.
Mu ntangiriro, ibintu byose byari byiza, ariko igihe abanyavie bavuye mu rugo, injangwe zatangiye kwiruka mu nzira, abantu basenya ko ibintu byose byavunitse umufasha. Igihe kimwe, yifashishije kubura umwanda, Muk yahisemo kureba mucyumba, kwinjira mu buryo butemewe. Hariho ibintu byinshi byiza, amasahani, kandi iyo intwari yafashe ubwato bwa kera mumaboko, hamwe na bafunzwe baguruka.
Gusobanukirwa ko ubu ahavtsy azamuhana, umusore yahise ava mu rugo. Hamwe nawe kuva mucyumba cy'amayobera, umusore yafashe inkweto nini - kubera ko ibye bimaze kuba bidashoboka - n'inkumi zifite ubusoni. Amaze kuva mu mujyi yihuta, Muk yari ananiwe cyane kandi bidatinze asinzira mu rwuri. Dwarf yarose inzozi zitangaje, aho byavuzwe ko inkweto n'inkoni byari amarozi. Intangiriro yubumaji nuko inkweto ifasha kugenda vuba, kandi inkoni igomba kubona ibiceri bya zahabu na feza.
Tuk agera mu mujyi uturanye, Muk yahagurukiye ku kazi n'inkota y'umwami, yerekana ubuhanga bw'urukiko mu isiganwa. Umunyarukiko rwinjiye mu mashyamba y'ishyari, maze ahitamo ko ashobora kugirana ishyari. Hifashishijwe inkoni, intwari yahise isanga ubutunzi maze itangira kwikuramo urukiko. Ariko ibyo byatumye 'umwijima wari uri inyuma utubari - Icumu ishinjwa kwiba amafaranga mu bubiko bwa cyami.
Umusore yafunguye umwami w'umutungo w'ibirimo, yahise yatoranije, kandi intwari ubwe yirukanwe mu mujyi. Mu nzira y'ifu, ibiti bibiri byahuye n'umutini. Byaragaragaye ko guhishura imbuto z'umuntu, urashobora kubona amatwi n'amazuru nk'indogobe, n'imbuto za kabiri zasubije mu maso ku bintu bimwe. Gukusanya Fili, intwari yasubiye mu mujyi ahita yagurisha imbuto z'umwami.
Ku byamenyekanye ko umwami yatakaje umwana mu ngoro ayobowe n'ingoro ayoboye umuseke w'umuhanga wasezeranyije ko azakiza umutegetsi ndetse no kugereranya na cyami "itazwi". Umusore yahawe ubutunzi bwo mu isanduku, kandi dwarf yahisemo inkweto n'inkoni. Nyuma yibyo, humura umwami wiwe ubwe akava mu byumba by'umwami.
Umutegetsi ntiyigeze agaruka isura yahoze, kandi ifu hifashishijwe inkweto z'ubumaji yimuriwe mu mujyi yavukiyemo. Ibigeragezo byatumye intwari yubwenge, none dwarf yahisemo kwirukanwa mumihanda kandi abiga. Amaze kumenya iyi nkuru, Mouli n'inshuti ze batangira gufata umusaza wubaha.
Ubusa n'amakarito
Mu kinyejana cya makumyabiri, Umugani wa Gauf warashenguye inshuro nyinshi, kandi amakarito yashizweho ku kazi. Umuyobozi wa Elizabeti w'ifu muto "wo mu 1983, uturere twanze Elizabeth Kimugabov. Umukinnyi Bakhtier Fidoev yakinnye imico nyamukuru. Ishusho ikubiyemo indirimbo kumagambo ya yuri aredin.
Hariho kandi ibyapa byinshi bifite amashusho meza, kurugero, ibishushanyo bya Viktor Nevitale, Oleg Cominarca nabandi. Igitekerezo nyamukuru cyumugani numutima mwiza nubunyangamugayo ubufasha bwo guhangana n'ibizamini - gusiga bifite akamaro muri iki gihe.
Filmography
- 1921 - "Muk Ntoya"
- 1938 - "Muk Buk"
- 1944 - "Muk"
- 1953 - "Muk"
- 1971 - "Muk Muto"
- 1975 - "Muk-Skorozhod"
- 1983 - "Amavuko yifu nto"