Henry Böll - zithunzi, Biography, chifukwa chaimfa, moyo waumwini, mabuku

Chiphunzitso

Wolemba, womasulira ndi mawonekedwe a Henry Böll adatcha wolemba waku Russia waku Germany, chifukwa osati kudziko lina, kupatula ku Germany, ntchito yake sinagwiritse ntchito yotchuka ngati ku Russia. Pazochita zandale ndi kukhulupirika kwa ntchito, amatchedwa "chikumbumtima cha mitundu". Mwamunayo adalimbikitsa ufulu wa mzimu kulikonse, pomwe anali pachiwopsezo.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Mbiri yodziwika bwino ya wolemba nthawi yozizira ya 1917, iye anabadwa cologne, nabwera m'banja lalikulu. Makolo ake anali Akatolika, mayiyo anali akuchita zachuma komanso ana, abambo ake amagwira ntchito limodzi. Zaka zinayi, mnyamatayo adaphunzira pasukulu ya Katolika, kenako ndikusamukira ku masewera olimbitsa thupi a kalhelm. Kulemba kwa Heinrich polemba kunachitika kale kumayambiriro. M'zaka zambiri zophunzirira kusukulu, adapanga ndakatulo ndi nkhani.

Moyo Wanu

Moyo wa Böll wayamba kuchita bwino, bambo wina anakumana ndi chikondi m'zaka zovuta za nkhondo. Mu 1942 ukwati wake unachitikira ndi Anna Maria Czech, yemwe anasonkhanitsa ana atatu - Vincent, Ramunda ndi Rene. Pa chithunzi cholumikizira, Banja la Böll limawoneka mosangalala, zikuwonekeratu kuti okwatirana ndi ana amakhulupirira komanso amamvetsetsa.

Mabuku

Ntchito yoyamba ya Heinrich silinali zokhudzana ndi mabuku. Poyamba anali wojowina, kenako anagwira ntchito m'sitolo ya Buckinin, ndiye malo ogulitsira a Buckinist anali wophunzira wa wogulitsa, kenako anapita ku msasa wa anthu ogwira ntchito yogwira ntchito. Mnyamatayo atakonzekera kupitiriza kuphunzira ku yunivesite ya Nkhondo Yadziko II, ndipo adayamba nkhondo ya Nkhondo Yadziko II, adapita kukamenya nkhondo ku France. Analandira akuvulala 4, koma anapulumuka. Miyezi ingapo inali mu ukapolo wa ku America, ndipo lidzapulumutsidwe atabwerera ku Cologne kuti ali ku yunivesite, komwe adayamba kuphunzira za yunivesite.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Popeza ndalamazo zinkasowa nthawi zonse, zounikira za ku Heinrich zimagwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochita nawo za Atate. Ntchito yake yoyamba idapezeka kuti isindikize mu 1947. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, bamboyo adalemba "sitimayo imabwera pa nthawi", ndi chaka chinanso chotolera nkhani. Ndiye buku la "Kodi mudakhala kuti, Adamu?" Adawonekera pamasitolo olemba zolemba. Kumayambiriro kwa Heinrich kumadzazidwa ndi kungoganiza kofunika komanso kuphweka. Mabuku ambiri amapezeka owerenga ndi otsutsa mayankho, ndipo nkhani ya "nkhosa zakuda" adalandira mphotho.

Poyamba mu Bayibulo la wolemba nkhani panali nkhani zokhala ndi ziwembu zosavuta. Pang'onopang'ono, ntchitozo zinayamba kuthera bwino ndipo zakhudza mavuto azachuma komanso zamakhalidwe omwe adazindikiridwa atatha. Mwa iwo, adanena za zokumana nazo ndipo m'magazini onse adafotokoza zenizeni zazaka zoyambirira za nkhondo ku Germany. Kuyambira 1967, adayamba kupita ku Tbilisi, Leningrad ndi Moscow, komwe amatenga zida za filimu yolemba ma dstoevsky ndi St.

Mu 1971, Bölly adalemba buku la buku la buku la buku ", momwe adayesera kusamutsa mbiri yayikulu ya zaka za zana la Bermany XX. Pambuyo pake, bukuli lakomeza mphoto ya Henl, iye adadzakhala wolemba wachitatu wa Germany yemwe adalandira mphotho yofananapo pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Pantchito zopitilira, wolemba nthawi zambiri amatsutsa ndale zadzikoli, makamaka, adalemba za ngozi yokhudza kuyang'aniridwa ndi nzika wamba.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Ndi kufuna kwakukulu, luso la Belyl linagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi owerenga Sovietl, omwe anali m'badwo wachichepere pambuyo pa nkhondoyi. Munthawi yoyambira ntchito yolemba za Ninrich, ntchito zoposa 80 zidamasuliridwa ku Russia. Nthawi zambiri ankapita ku Soviet Union, ndipo chifukwa cha mawuwo, mwamunayo anatcha wotsutsa wa Soviet. Pambuyo pake, buku la wolemba lidaletsedwa ku USSR, atachotsa zofalitsa zonse.

Pambuyo pochotsa ku Alexander Sozhenitsyn kuchokera ku USSR ndi kuperewera nzika mwa kusankha Yuri Andropov, adatumizidwa ku Germany. Kumeneko anapeza thandizo kuchokera kwa anthu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuchokera ku Böll, yemwe anavomera kulembedwa kunyumba kwake, ndipo iwo asanathandize kutumiza zolemba zake kumadzulo, komwe pambuyo pake adasindikizidwa.

Imfa

Mu 1985, mfumuum, anali ndi zaka 67. Zidachitika pansi pa bonn, wolemba adakhala pa mwana wake. Choyambitsa imfa sichinawululidwe. Ziwerengero zandale komanso ogwira ntchito za olemba zidafika pa maliro a Böll.

M'bali

• 1949 - "Sitimayo imabwera pa nthawi"
• 1950 - "Woyenda, adzabwera pamene ali ..."
• 1951 - "Kodi mwakhala kuti, Adamu?"
• 1952 - "Osati chabe pa Khrisimasi"
• 1955 - "Mkate wa Zaka Zamawa"
• 1958 - "chete kwa Dr. Murke"
• 1962 - "Nkhondo itatha"
• 1963 - maso a Clouny "
• 1971 - "Chithunzi cha Gulu Lamagulu"
• 1974 - "Kutayika Kwa Katharina Blum, kapena Ziwawa Zimabuka Bwanji ndi Zomwe Zingatsogolere"
• 1979 - "Kuzinga Koganiza"
• 1981 - Chithunzi, Bonn, Bonene "