Chiphunzitso
Kalata yakale yachi Greek yakale ya Ksenofan Kolofonsky amadziwika kuti ndi amene analowa m'malo mwa oimira Elais, omwe amawona nkhani za umodzi ndi Muyaya ndipo adayamba kusanthula chidziwitso komanso kukhala. Malinga ndi mawu osungidwa ndi mawuwo, wafilosofi sanamverepo momwe amavomerezera chipembedzo ndipo anakayikira mwachilengedwe, omwe, mkati mwawo, mwa malembedwe ake.Chifuniro chamulungu
Kuchokera pachinyengo cha biograograograograom ya xenosehani, panali lingaliro kuti adabadwa cha 570 BC. NS. Ndipo iye anali mbadwa kapena a fuko la asitikali a Korofonsky, omwe amakhala pophatikiza mfundo za gawo lamakono izmir amakono.
Malinga ndi zomwe adapatsidwa kuchokera ku "zolemba" zakale za Chigriya, mnyamatayo adagwidwa ndi malonda a akapolo ndipo adagulidwa ndi anzeru a Pythagortan, omwe ndi Oesmad ndi Parmemes.
Pambuyo kumasulidwa, kutenga nkhope ya ndakatulo yoyendayenda komanso yogwira ntchito ya Homerovsky Epic, Xenofan adapita kumwera kwa Italy ndipo kwa kanthawi adapereka malingaliro pa Eni, Katana ndi Syracuse. Nthawi yomweyo, adalowa mwa archela kapena a Petten Atenian komanso kusokoneza kwa nzeru za nzeru, zomwe zidapangidwa kulembedwa popanda kutenga nawo gawo la nyimbo.
Zolemba za malembawo zimagwira ntchito "maziko a lotofun" ndi "chinthu ku Eda Itali", malinga ndi zomwe amasiyidwa, ndipo kuchokera kwa iwo adalipanga ndi mphamvu 20 Salinal.
Mu ndakatulo za ndakatulo za xenofan, malingaliro ake omwe adawaphimba ana okwiridwa ndi anzeru zoyambirira ndipo adapanga maziko a sukulu ya Elais ya nthawi yoyambirira, komanso kukayikira.
Chifukwa chake, kupulumuka kufikira ukalamba ndi pafupifupi 475 mpaka n. NS. Mwa kumwa imfa pa chifukwa chosadziwika, xenofan zidakhudza makalale a Sonratic ndi Sophism.
Malingaliro
Xenofan, yemwe kwa zaka zambiri sanathe kutsatira mafilosofiawo, ankaona ngati m'modzi woyimira ufulu wa ufulu, womwe adatsutsa lingaliro lachipembedzo ndi Mulungu. M'mawonekedwe a satirhi mboni, adagwirapo malingaliro achikhalidwe chokhudza polyterism ponena za a Olymma omwe ali ndi kapangidwe ka malingaliro.M'malingaliro ake, milungu yopangidwa modzipereka inali ilibe ufulu wopembedza, popeza anakangana ndi zopeka za anthu ndipo sanasiyane ndi chikhalidwe chamakhalidwe.
Chifukwa chokhacho chopenga miyezo yakumwamba yafilosofiri yomwe yawona kusaulira, yomwe idasandulika lingaliro lakale ndikuthokoza m'mabuku a Gesiod ndi Homer adapereka lingaliro lolakwika la Milungu. Amakhulupilira kuti chinthu choyamba, chomwe chidabereka chiletso chimodzi, chinali kuyikapo kwina komwe kunali dziko lapansi koyambirira ndipo kudakhala ndi lingaliro la kukhala.
Ndiwo yunifolomu yofanana ndi mpira ngati izi zomwe sizinkachitika kulikonse, zimatha kudziwa komanso kupeza tanthauzo mu zinthu zambiri. Kusiyana kotere pakati pa kumvetsetsa kwa zotheka ndi kupezeka koyambirira kwa lingaliro la chidziwitso cha chidziwitso, chomwe chimanenetsa kuti ngati palibe chowonadi, sichingachitike.
nzeru ndi koteroko kunapangitsa kuti mfundo za kupitiriza ndi masiyanidwe a nkhani namanga chiyambi cha njira dialectical, chimene chilichonse kuti kubala ndi chikumbu mtima, maganizo ndi chuma.
Kuonera dziko lonse lapansi, Xenophin kunandithandiza kwambiri pa sayansi ya Chi Greek, pofotokoza zochitika zambiri zachilengedwe, zofotokoza zochitika zambiri zachilengedwe, obadwa kuchokera padziko lapansi ndi madzi. Chifukwa chake, mu ndakatulo ya nzeru "yachilengedwe", yosungidwa modetsa ku matembenuzidwe a A. S. Siteshist, wasayansi adakambirana Nyanja Yoyambirira, yomwe, kuweruza kwa Nsandu, ndipo adapanga magulu ambiri.
Zowonadi, sakanakhoza kuvomereza malingaliro ena ambiri a wafilofiri, omwe amapangidwa mu ziphunzitso za a Ease ndi kukayikira zomwe zimayambitsa zopereka zawo. Zikomo kwa iwo ndi mizere yotsala ya ntchito za Xenophehane, mbadwa zake zidalandira malingaliro pazokhudza malingaliro, ndipo wophunzira wotchuka wa Plato Aristopte adadzipereka njira yonse kwa wafilosofi.
Mawu
- "Anthu onse amene ali ndi zachinyengo komanso mwamanyazi, onjezerani milungu ya milungu ya Homeri ndi Hesiod: kuba, chinyengo, chinyengo komanso chinyengo."
- "Chilichonse (chinabuka) kuchokera pansi ndi zonse zidzatembenukira pansi pamapeto."
- "Koma ngati ng'ombe, mahatchi ndi mikango manja ndi angapezeko iwo ndi kulenga ntchito (luso) monga anthu, ndiye akavalo kuti amasonyeza milungu ngati akavalo, ng'ombe - ngati ng'ombe ndipo anapereka (im) matupi a mtundu umenewu, Kodi ndi fanizo la thupi la iwo (aliyense mwa iwo). "
M'bali
- "Za chilengedwe"
- "Maziko a Lindofon"
- "Enicaon ku Ora Italy"