Zosangalatsa zazikulu zokonda kwambiri samangolumpha ndi parachute, komanso kugonjetsa nsonga za mapiri. Amalipira madola masauzande kudzakhala pachiwopsezo. Anthu mazana ambiri akuyesera kuti afike kuphiri lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi chaka chilichonse. Vertex iyi ndi Everest.
JOMlungma - phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lapansi
Phiri la Sveops Kutalika Kuchokera Kumapeto Kumadzi - 8848 metres . Ali ku Himalayas, nsonga yake yakum'mwera imapezeka m'malire ndi prc. Phiri lidatchedwa "Jomotongma" polemekeza Mulungu mayina. Mawuwa amatanthauziridwa kuti ndi "mayi waumulungu wa moyo wa moyo." Dzina lachiwiri ndi Haverest, lomwe amadziwika kudziko lonse lapansi. Anamulandila polemekeza George Evesta, omwe ankalamulira ntchito yadzikoli.
Chitsime cha JOMlungma pamapuwa chimafanana ndi piramidi. Chifukwa cha kupindika kwa gawo lakumwera palibe chipale chofewa ndipo mbali iyi ndi amaliseche. Kutalika kwa vertex kunatsimikizika mu 1852, pomwe ukulu wa Bengal Radanat Sikdar adawerengera ma trigonometric. Zisonyezo sizimapereka mtendere ndi asayansi ndi 2019. Miyeso ikupitilira, maulendo aku America komanso ku Italy.
Pamapiri komanso nthawi yachisanu, komanso nthawi yotentha. Mu Julayi, kutentha kwa masana zafika - 1 Januware - -36. Chifukwa ma vertics amadziwika ndi mkuntho wamphamvu mwadzidzidzi ndi ma gusts amphepo 160 km / h.
Yemwe adagonjetsa PuntShist Everest
Mu 1953, kugonjetsedwa koyamba kwa ma vertives kunachitika. Anadzipereka ndi Nepalese kuwombera ku Nambala ku Nating ndi New zmberets Edmund Hillary. Mpaka pano panali kuyesa 50 komwe kunalephera. Ophunzira omwe akutenga nawo mbali adatha kugonjetsa vertices a 7000 m, koma sikunali kukwera kwina. Mu 1950, okwera ku French adakwera kupita ku Harra Annandurna (8091 m).Norja ndi Hillary adapitilira njirayo, yomwe Swiss adawapatsa. Okwera amagwiritsa ntchito zida za okosijeni. Woyamba yemwe adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito oxygen pokwera, adayamba ulendo wachingelezi. Pambuyo pa 1953, idatha kugonjetsa phirili kwa okwera m'maiko osiyanasiyana: The Cerc, USA, USA, ndi amuna okhaokha omwe adayamba kuchita nawo ku Japan kuphiri .
Sikuti aliyense amafunikira mumiyala ya oxanslegen ya oxagen. Sherp Ang Rita mu 1999 adalemba mbiri: Adakwera maulendo 10 kwa Everest wopanda mpweya. Pambuyo pa zaka 20, munthu wapadziko lonse lapansi adasokoneza wokwera ku Nepal Rita Sherpa, yemwe adagonjetsanso maulendo 24.
Si aliyense woperekedwa kwa Everest
Mpaka 1970s, mwayi wopita ku Everest unali ndi malire, koma atachotsedwa, kuchuluka kwa anamwalira. Zonsezi zinayamba ndi anthu 5 omwe sanapulumuke pambuyo pa kusintha kwa ansembekenyu. Pambuyo 4 zaka, 6 France akutenga nawo mbali pantchitoyo adaphedwa. Anthu omwe adagonjetsa pamwamba, adasuntha nzeru. Ankafuna kujambula dzina lawo pamndandanda wa zopsinjika za Joolulum. Kudzutsa njira zachilendo kusiyanitsa: usiku, nthawi yozizira, nthawi yamvula, popanda mpweya kapena wokha. Chifukwa chake, kutha kwa imfa kunakula chaka chilichonse.
Mu 1985, malonda a kusinthira ku Eurost afika pachimake pomwe American David Farsers adapita kumwamba ndi wochita bizinesi wazaka 55. Dick Bass anali atangotanganidwa ndi lingaliro logonjetsa mapiri ataliatali omwe ali pazaka 7. Kukwerako kunali kopambana, wochita bizinesiyo adapereka buku lonena za maulendo ake, omwe adakhala ogulitsa.
"Chitsanzo choyipa ndi chopatsirana," Chifukwa chake, mndandanda wa iwo amene akufuna kukhala wotchuka anali atakhazikika. Makampani adayamba kuwoneka, kupereka chithandizo chokonzanso kuphiri. Mu 1996, tsoka linadzetsa moyo wa anthu 8. Zomwe zimayambitsa misa zimatchedwa zoyipa komanso kukangana pakati pamagulu okwera. Mu 2019, anthu 20 adamwalira masika, koma saletsa mattrermor kuti asadzabwere kuchokera kuulendo.
Njira zogulira pamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi
Popanda chilolezo, chomwe chimapereka olamulira a Nepal ndi Tibet, osafika pamwamba pa JOMlungma. Pezani chikalatacho ku Nepal ndizokwera mtengo - madola 11,000. Ku Tibet, zimawononga ndalama 8,000. Njira ya nepalese yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukwera, kutchuka kwambiri. Koma ma prc amayesa kupitiliza ndipo adapanga msasa wabwino kwambiri kuposa opikisana nawo. Mahema awo padziko lapansi ali ndi zida zofunidwa.Mu 2019, pafupifupi zilolezo 600 zidaperekedwa. Pofotokoza za 2018, iyi ndi mbiri. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ogonjetsa Evarest, kupanikizana pamsewu kumapangidwa. M'chaka, nyengo ziwiri zokha za kukwera: Meyi ndi Seputembala. Izi zimapangitsa anthu kufulumira ndikupita nthawi yomweyo. M'nyengo yozizira, ndizowopsa kukwera: kuwonjezera pamatenthedwe otsika, zoopsa zimayamba mphepo.
Zosangalatsa
Kukwera pamtunda kumawononga madola 100,000. Ndalamazi zimaphatikizapo chilolezo chololeza, kutumiza chithandizo chowiritsa chokhacho komanso pothawirapo kwakanthawi.
Chiwerengero cha masiku ambiri, chomwe chingawononge kuti akwere, - 40. Nthawi imeneyi, munthuyo atayika kulemera kwa 15 makilogalamu chifukwa chowotcha mafuta ndi chinyezi.
Phiri la Jomolungma limasandulika kukhala malo. Alendo obwera amasiya zinyalala, masilini ndi mitembo yabalalika kulikonse. Kuti atuluke munthu womwalirayo, amawononga madola 100,000. 120 Adatsala kuphiri, ndipo sadzatengedwa. M'mitembo, okwera amakhala munjira.
Kukwera kulikonse kumabweretsa mavuto osaneneka ku chilengedwe. Kukwera moto kuwotcha mitengo kuti ayankhe. Siyani nonse.
Ku Everest, pali akasupe olumpha, chifukwa okha atha kukhalapo pa 6700 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Kwa munthu, siowopsa.
Mu 2014, mtsikana wazaka 13 wa purna Malawi adakwiridwa ku Jomotongma. Adalemba mbiri ndi wazaka 72 wazaka za zana la 72 Berk.
Pamwamba pa phiri lalitali kwambiri padziko lapansi "kugwira" Twitter. Mu 2011, a Kenton Kul Poirber adasindikiza Tweets ndi matamando kuti nthawi imeneyo anali pa Everest.
Zaka 400 miliyoni zapitazo Everest anali pansi pa nyanja. Idapezabe ma mchimbudzi.
Pofuna kupulumutsa phirili ku kuipitsa, mphamvu ya nepal idakhazikitsa lamulo loti munthu aliyense wogonjetsa amabwera ndi zinyalala 8,000 kapena amalipira madola 4,000.
Phiri la Everst adakhazikitsa zaka 60 miliyoni zapitazo.