Man Ray - chithunzi, mbiri yamunthu, moyo waumwini, chifukwa cha imfa, zithunzi

Anonim

Chiphunzitso

Wojambula wa ku American An Ray adalumikizidwa ndi sublimsy komanso dana ndipo adapanga zojambulajambula m'mitundu ya penti, zithunzi ndi kovomerezeka. Anakhalanso wolemba mafilimu angapo a mawonekedwe a Puliman Garso, ndi ntchito yokhazikika muukadaulo ngati ndege komanso msonkhano.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Munthu Ray adabadwira ku Pennsylvania pa Ogasiti 27, 1890 m'banja lachiyuda lomwe adasamuka ku Russia, atakhala ku Williamsburg. Makolo amene anali ndi dzina la Radnitskiy adatchedwa Symanuel, koma adamdula kwa Mana, ndikudutsa njira zingapo zovomerezeka.

Abambo ndi amayi anali ndi bizinesi yosoka ndikukopa ana okulirapo kuti agwire ntchito, motero mwana wamwamuna ndi mchimwene wake amakhala nthawi yayitali pantchito. Anazindikira njira ya collage, kutola zithunzi kuchokera ku zonunkhira za nsalu, ndipo patapita nthawi mtundu wamtunduwu watha kukhala masewera osangalatsa.

Kuyesa kupatukana ndi abale, Ray anakana kukhalabe ku bizinesi, koma zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zovala zotsatsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku. Mu chithunzi, zitsulo, singano, mannequins ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi makampani otuwa omwe amapezeka mu kukhazikitsa ndi zojambulajambula.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Mu sekondale yachiwiri yachiwiri ya sekondale, Ray adawonetsa kuti amatha kudziwa komanso kukhala ndi chidwi chofuna kuphunzira luso la aluso a kazembe wazaka zambiri zapitazo. Anasankha kumangiriza mbiriyakale, kukhumudwitsidwa kwa abambo ndi amayi ake omwe adamufuna kuti athe kuthana ndi zovala ndikusoka.

Komabe, pa Bancil Council, adaganiza zogogomezera Sonio Studio kuti apange zithunzi kuti apange magazini a magazini a New York. Mofananamo, mnyamatayo adatenga maphunziro a penti ku National Academy, kenako adalowa m'malo a Frender Frener ndipo adakhala komweko zaka 2,5.

Pakuyamba kulima wamaluwa wamaumboni, Mri patsogolo pamwazi zopita patsogolo ndikukumana ndi ojambula omwe anali pagulu la manhattan "291". Zojambula zokongola kwambiri za mnyamatayo zimadziwika kuti zojambula ndi Masillehle duzane, yemwe amaimira chimbano ndi kudali pa nthawi imeneyo.

Moyo Wanu

Popeza bamboyo anali wojambula yemwe amagwira ntchito ndi silalator wokongola, panali azimayi ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi luso la moyo wake. Mkazi woyambayo anali ndakatulo, koma ukwati udawonongeka mwachangu, m'malo mwa maubale achidwi komanso mtundu wa French wa Kiki de Montparnas.

Mkazi wachiwiri ndi wokondedwa wa Ray adakhala America, Juliet Brown, yemwe adabereka mwana wamkazi wa Anna ndikupanga thumba ladzina. Imfa ya wojambulayo atamwalira, zikalata, zithunzi, mafilimu, zikumbutso ndi zinthu zokopa zambiri zidatengedwa pamenepo.

Chilengedwa

Kumayambiriro, Ray adapanga zokongoletsera, cholinga chake chinali kusamutsa zithunzi za matupi abodza. Anakoka mawonekedwe a geometric, kuchotsa njirayo ku filimuyo, ndipo chikwaniritsani izi zotsatira zomwe amafuna.

Mu 1918, bambo anakana kupaka utoto ndipo anayamba kuchita chidwi ndi kukhazikitsa knetic, komwe pambuyo pake kunali koyambirira kwa zojambula zamakono za zojambula zamakono. Ntchito zake zamphakonzedwera ndi ArmOgragraph, zomwe zidafotokoza chinthu komanso chithunzithunzi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale nyenyezi komanso zotsutsana ndi otsutsa komanso otsutsa.

Kuperewera kwa kuvomereza kosagwirizana kwawo kukakamiza Mana kuti asunthire ku Europe ndi m'ma 1920s kuti akhazikike ku Paris Roteter Montparnasse. Kumeneko anapeza zithunzi za akatswiri ojambula ndi olemba, omwe amatchuka ndipo amakhulupirira kuti anthu azikhalidwe.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Zachidziwikire ndizoyenera ndikuyika ntchito ya ntchito yomwe idatumiza "chiwonongeko", omwe sanapatsidwe areography ndi aschaok. Amayerekezera zinthu zokopa zomwe zimapanga limodzi komanso mogwirizana ndi chithunzi cha anthu ovala komanso opanda tanthauzo.

Zithunzi zokhudzana ndi kutuluka, komwe kumadziwika kuti masomphenya atsopanowa, anali pamwamba pa luso la Ray ndipo pambuyo pake adagwiritsidwa ntchito pazithunzi zolemba. Pamaliforesi wamba a mavant-domso, pomwe ojambulawo adachitidwa monga wotsogolera, amagwiritsa ntchito mwapadera, ndikutsatira mawonekedwe kudzera pazenera lomwe silikupezeka.

Mu 1940-1950, bamboyo adabwerera ku zojambulajambulazo ndikulemba "zonenepa", zomwe zimaphatikizapo zodabwitsa zingapo za kalembedwe ka zojambula zopereka. Ndipo m'zaka khumi zotsatira, adagwira ntchito yopanga makope omwe adalekanitsa Europe ndikukhala zokongoletsera zakale.

Imfa

Choyambitsa imfa ya Mana Ray chinali matenda a m'mapapo omwe sangathe kupirira, ali zaka 86. Pambuyo pa malirowo, banja la America lidapanga chiwonetsero cha zojambulajambula ndikusindikiza litobiographramita yotchedwa "chodziyimira nokha".

Zojambula

  • 1916 - "Wovina chingwe naye ndi mithunzi yake"
  • 1920 - "Chinsinsi cha Isidor Ducass"
  • 1921 - "Mphatso"
  • 1922 - "rayigraphy" ("kupsompsona")
  • 1923 - "Choti chiwonongeko"
  • 1924 - "Violin engra"
  • 1926 - "chakuda ndi choyera"
  • 1932 - "Misozi yagalasi"
  • 1936 - "Nthawi Yoonera - Okonda"

Mafilimu

  • 1923 - "Kubwereranso ku"
  • 1924 - "Zomwe mumalota za mafilimu achichepere"
  • 1924 - "Ounition"
  • 1928 - "Nyenyezi"
  • 1929 - "zinsinsi za nyumba yachifumu"
  • 1947 - "Maloto omwe angagulidwe ndalama"

Werengani zambiri