John Dalton - chithunzi, mbiri yamunthu, moyo waumwini, womwe umayambitsa imfa, mabuku, kukwaniritsa sayansi

Anonim

Chiphunzitso

Katswiri wasayansi wa Chingerezi, katswiri wazamankhwala ndi Memocaloseloologist dzina la John Dalton adalandira dzina lasayansi kuntchito. Mwachitsanzo, chiphunzitso cha kapangidwe kazinthu zomwe zidawatukukawa lidakhalapo za wasayansi.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Bizinesi ya wasayansi inayamba ku Iglsfield, Ceberland County, komwe adzabadwire kugwa kwa 1766. Abambo ake anali osavala bwino, koma mayi adachokera ku banja lotukuka la Britain - mamembala a gulu Lachikristu, omwe zikhulupiriro zake zinali zosemphana ndi ziganizo za Chipangano Chatsopano.

Pamodzi ndi John mu banja, mchimwene wake wake wamkulu Yonatani adaleredwa ndi mwana wazaka 15 pasukulu yake yachipembedzo (chivomerezi). Kuyambira zaka 21, anayamba kuchita zowona, zomwe pambuyo pake zidapitilira kulembedwa konse. Pa zokwanira zokwana 20,000 zapeza zolemba zake zosintha nyengo.

Ndikaweruka kusukulu, Dalton adakonza zoti aphunzire zambiri, pofunikira kwambiri m'gulu la anyamata kapena apadera, koma sizingatheke kuti zitheke.

Moyo Wanu

Kuwongolera sikunapereke Dalton kuti apange moyo wamunthu, amakhala wa bachelor, ndi kufotokozera ndi gulu laling'ono la anthu. M'makomo osungidwa mpaka pano, akatswiri ojambula adawonetsa John woganiza, woyang'ana komanso wofunikira, womwe umatulutsa chithunzichi cha katswiri wazamankhwala.

Sayansi

Ntchito yoyamba m'moyo wa Dalton idawonekerabe mu unyamata wake atathandiza m'bale wake kusukulu, ndiye kuti anayesa kuphunzitsa. Ndipo mu 1793, mnyamatayo adasamukira ku Manchester, komwe adakumana ndi a John Gosushh, yemwe pambuyo pake adampatsa chidziwitso chake cha sayansi ndipo adathandizira kupeza mphunzitsi ku koleji yatsopano. Pamalo awa adakhala mpaka 1800ti, kenako adayamba kuphunzitsa pawekha.

Nthawi yomweyo, Dalton anapitilizabe kudzilimbitsa, kuphunzira mabuku, kuchita zoyesa ndipo adapeza zopeza zowoneka bwino. Mwachitsanzo, chidwi ndi kuphunzira kwa atomism, mu 1803 bambo wina adapanga lingaliro la Asayansi lomwe asayansi ambiri adavomera. M'tsogolomu, pa nkhani yayikulu, wasayansi adawonetsa zitsanzo za ma atomu ndi ma atomu awo pachitsanzo cha ma cubes a utoto. Pambuyo pazaka zingapo zogwira ntchito molimbika m'magazini yake ya labotototory, adalemba tebulo loyamba la mambamu a atomic.

Ili silinali lingaliro lokhalo la chiphunzitso cha Dalton chokhudza ziphunzitso za atomiki moleckal. Nthawi yomweyo, adapanga malamulo awiri atsopano, oyambawa amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zosakaniza zamagesi, zomwe zimatsimikizira zovuta zonse. Lachiwiri linathandizira kudziwa kusungunuka kwa mpweya wosakaniza mu madzi, umatchedwa lamulo la kusungunuka.

Daltonism idakhala yopezeka kwambiri ya Yohane, wotchedwa khungu la sayansi. Mwamunayo adadwala matendawa, koma adamvetsetsa atatengedwa ndi Bonyy. Kuwerenga Mabukuwa pamutuwu, nthawi zambiri ankakumana ndi malongosoledwe a maluwa, ndipo ngati analibe zovuta ndi maluwa achikasu ndi oyera, ndiye kuti adawona ofiira a buluu. Kubadwa kofananako kwa masomphenyawo kumapita kwa m'bale wake wamkulu.

Kuyerekezera malingaliro ake amtunduwu ndi masomphenya a abwenzi ake, mwamunayo ananenanso kuti m'maso mwake ngati zosefera buluu, motero, adalefuka pambuyo paimfa kuti ayang'anire ma epe. Mtundu wa munthu unachitidwa, koma ofufuzawo sanapeze chilichonse chapadera m'maso mwake. Kwa zaka zambiri, thupi la Dalton lidasungidwa mumtsuko ndi mowa. Kafukufukuyu anangochitika mu 1995 zokha, ma genetica adatha kugawa ndikufufuza DNA ya retina, yomwe idatsimikiza kukhalapo kwa gelton ya gelton kuchokera ku John.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kumoyo wonse Dalton sanalembe buku ndi nkhani zasayansi zomwe zimasindikizidwa nthawi zonse, koma sizimadziwika nthawi zonse pazosiyanasiyana za sayansi.

Imfa

Mavuto azaumoyo adayamba ku Dalton mu 1837, pamene anali ndi stroko yoyamba. Kuukira kwachiwiri kwa mtima kunachitika mchaka chimodzi ndikusiya zotsatira zazikulu: kuphwanya mawu a wasayansi. Koma sizinamulepheretse kufufuza. Wamchistoiyo sanakhale m'chilimwe cha 1844, chifukwa cha imfa chinali kupukusa kwachitatu, yemwe sanasiye mwayi wa munthu.

Pokumbukira zanzeru za Dalton, mawu a Dalton amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, omwe amawonetsa gawo la atomiki la misa.

M'bali

  • 1793 - "Zowunikira Zolinga ndi Zoyeserera"
  • 1801 - "mawonekedwe a galamala ya Chingerezi"
  • 1808 - "Njira yatsopano yanzeru zamankhwala. 1 voliyumu "
  • 1810 - "Njira yatsopano yanzeru zamankhwala. 2 Voliyumu "

Werengani zambiri