Kumapeto kwa zaka za XVII Peter, tikufuna kulimbikitsa mphamvu ya dzikolo kunyanja, adalamula kuti apange zombo, zothetsera kuletsa mdani aliyense. Kuyambira pomwe zombozo zidamangidwa pa lamulo la Emperor woyamba wa Russia, zombo zidatsitsidwa, zidadutsa zaka zopitilira 300. Kwa nthawi yapitayi, matekinoloje a kapangidwe ka zombo zasintha, zombo zonsezi zakhala "zokulira" kukula, ndipo zombo zaku Russia, zidatsala pang'ono kugwetsa chikwangwani champhamvu kwambiri Padziko lonse lapansi.
Zidapangidwa zombo zambiri za Soviet Union, koma kubwezeretsa kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa asitikali kwakhala kukukonzedwa, ndipo "yera" zachikale "zikuwoneka kuti ndizomwe zimachitika ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri la Zombo zaku Russia ndi komwe amachita "mphotho" ya chimphona chachikulu cham'nyanja, idzanena mu 24cmi.
"Acral Fertiet of Soviet Union of Kuznesov"
"Asilikali zombo Soviet Union wa Kuznetsov" - sitima yaikulu mu zombo Russian asilikali ndi chimodzi wa a-mokoma aviating cruiser (TAVKR), zomwe Kugwirizanitsa mu kamangidwe ka zonse ubwino chonyamulira ndege, pa Chotheka chomwe chimatheka kuyika ndikusungabe ndege ndi ma helikoture ndi zida zokhala ndi zida za rocket.Makolo
"Kuznethev" adakhala chitukuko cha polojekiti 1143 "kukhetsa", opanga anali ogwirira ntchito nevsky PCB ya Arkadady Marinady. Pazojambula zokumba kuyambira 1970 mpaka 1978, osowa ma aircer adamangidwa. 1143 Yekha ndi kupitiriza kwa "Cent", komwe kunaphatikizapo anti-Biclerine Garticles-Surkophester Molor-Sufilopter polojekiti, anapangidwa kuti azindikire ndi kuwononga sitima zapamadzi za mdani woyenera.
Zombo zomwe zapangidwa pansi pa ntchito 1143 sizinakhale ndi deck yokhotakhota, yolunjika ndi ndege (SVP) idakhazikitsidwa pa Antikopters Antimarine ndi Ka-27 ndi chiwerengero chokwanira 36. Koma machitidwe ogwiritsa ntchito adawonetsa kusakhazikika kwa malo ogona pa sitima ya Yak-38. Ndegeyo idalibe malo osungirako ma radish-brandder "Harrier" anali otsika pofotokoza za mikhalidwe, ndipo idasiyanitsidwa ndi zida zofooka.
Kulephera kuyika
Chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe adapeza pogwiritsa ntchito SVP ndikusowa kwa Yaki "Yaki", njira zina zimafunikira chitukuko cha zombo zomwe zitha kutenga chiwembu cholowera. Pa zombo zonse zitatu zidapangidwa pa ntchitoyi yomwe idamalizidwa pofika 1981:- "Vartag" (1143.6), tinagona mu 1985 ndipo tinagwidwa mu 1985 ndipo anagwidwa atatha kugwa kwa Ucraine mmalo, omwe anagulitsa sitimayo ku China chonyamulira;
- "Ulyanovsk" (1143.7), mapangidwe a zida za nyukiliya ndi mapangidwe a Catapass adayamba, - pazaka zinayi za Cruiser zidatulukira mumipikisano chifukwa cha chuma chonyansa mu boma;
- "Admiral Kuznesov" (Hunel Froiser Aumussiser of the Spission of the Nation of the "Briech" Yosasinthika, yomwe nyumba yawo idakhazikitsidwa ndi Navy of Russian Federation, m'magulu omwe Adanyamula chaka cha 2018, pomwe chidatumizidwa kumakono ndikukonzanso zida zopangira ku Murmansk, komwe kumayambiriro kwa 2020 kumakonzanso ndi zida za mtunduwo.
Zolinga
Ntchito yayikulu ya Admage Kuznetlova "yopangidwa pansi pa ntchitoyi inali ntchito yoteteza. Sitimayo idawonetsetsa chitetezo cha atombi m'malo omenyera makhothi komanso chisungiko chotsutsana ndi makhothi, adayamba kusaka ndi kuwonongeka kwa pansi pamadzi ndi mphamvu za mdani. Komanso, ntchito za ndege ya ndegeyo zimaphatikizapo kuphimba kufika pakufika kwa mphamvu za maopasion omwe akufunika. Kugwira ntchito pafupi ndi magombe a anthu ena kuti awononge kuwopseza matenda am'madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opanga zomwe zidaperekedwa kwambiri kwa chimbudzi chankhondo chaku Russia, osaphatikizidwa.
Makhalidwe anzeru komanso aukadaulo
Ndi malo othawa kwambiri a TBCR ya TBCR, miyeso iyi ndi iyi:- Kutalika kwa mphuno mpaka 306 m;
- M'lifupi - 72 m mmalo owaza kwambiri;
- Kutalika kwambiri - 65 m.
Zida za Cananic, ndi Rebinication Red Soci Soce Socience "Malo owuma", kutetezedwa ku Torpedo ali ndi zigawo zitatu. Kukhazikitsa kwa minyewa (cutlubbin yokhala ndi shafts 4) kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mupange liwiro mpaka 54 km / h (29). Stroke Reserve - kuyambira 4 mpaka 9,000 mailo kutengera liwiro.
Pitani pa Cruiser ya Carriiser ya zida za radar ndi ndege, ndege, zotsutsana ndi zida zapansi pa rocker ndi rocker ndipo zikusinthidwa - zikusinthidwa. Pa deck ya ndege imaloledwa kukhala ndi ndege 50 (DA-33, Maig-29, DA-27, KA-29).
Chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito ndi anthu 1960. Kutalika kwa kudzipereka kwa kudziunika - masiku 45.
Zosangalatsa
Kuchokera pamanambala olakwika a mikhalidwe yosunthira mosangalatsa kwambiri - zowona zokhudzana ndi ndege za ndege za ndege "a Admiral Kuznesov".
Ntchito PERUDALSI
Dzina lake lapano ndiye sitima yayikulu kwambiri yankhondo ya Russia osati yomweyo. Mukamapanga mu KB, sitimayo idakonzedwa kuti iyitane Soviet Union. Poimba, chigamulocho chidakonzedwanso - sitimayo idalandira dzina "Riga".Koma pomanga, mlembi woyamba wa Komiti wa CPUGUG Cement adamwalira pa Novembara 10, 1982. Pokhudzana ndi tsoka pa Novembara 22, Crust adasinthidwanso Leonid Brezhnev, kupereka msonkho kukumbukira mtsogoleri wa dzikolo. Ndi dzina la wamkulu wakale pa bolodi la Tavkr ndi kutsika pamadzi pa Disembala 4, 1985 - kumaliza kwake - kukwaniritsidwa.
Mu Ogasiti 1987, utsogoleri wa Fleet unaganiza kuti "Usiku" Usiku womwe unkangotumiza kamodzi - tsopano chonyamula ndege chomwe chidasandulika ku Tbilisi. Pansi pa likulu la likulu la SSR ya SSRR SSR, chombocho chinadutsa kumapeto kwa mayeso a 1990, pambuyo pake, pa Okutobala 4, adatchedwa Nikoai Gerasimovich Kuzviet Union Anral, yemwe adalowera Ussr Waty kuchokera mu 1939 mpaka 1946 ndi kuyambira 1951 mpaka 1953.
Zitsanzo Zambiri
Mpaka mu 1989, ma helicoopter okha ndi SVP ndi amene adachoka pa sitima ya Soviet. Pa Novembala 1, poyesedwa, pa deck kenako Tbilisi adapanga ndege yoyamba yoyambirira ya Su-27 yoyang'aniridwa ndi woyendetsa woyendetsa ndege wa Viktot Pugachev. Ndipo woyamba kunyamuka ndi mtundu, Mig-29K ndi Toktar Aubecov monga woyendetsa ndege adachoka.
Chochitika chofunikira
Mkaidi mu 1936, msonkhano wa Montreux pankhani ya ulamuliro ndi Dardanelles, amaletsa gawo la onyamula ndege m'madzi a Nyanja Yakuda, kusiya ufulu kukachezera zombo. Nthawi yomweyo, mgwirizano umalembetsedwa kuti ngati zochita za ndege sizofunikira kwambiri pa sitimayo, ndiye kuti pali zokongoletsedwa ndi block, chombo chotere sichimadziwika kuti chonyamula ndege. Zojambula zothandiza, zida za maroketi ndi gulu la "avalianest Crusor" amapanga "ovomerezeka" onyamula ndege okhawo, omwe amaloledwa kukhalapo m'madzi a Nyanja Yakuda.Puenix
Mu Disembala 2019, popita kukangana kwamakono ndikukonzanso zida zopangira ku Murmansk, moto wamtambo wa mita imodzi unabuka pa sitimayo. m, yemwe kuchotsedwa kwake kumatha kukhala tsiku limodzi. Zotsatira zake, anthu awiri adafa, ndipo 12 adalandira zowotchera ndi kuvulala. Zochitikazo zasintha masanawa kuti akonze chidani cha chaka chatha.
Kutamandira ku Europe, kapena za tramutors
M'magulu a zombo zakumpoto, komwe "Kuznetlova" adalembetsa mwalamulo mu Januware 1991, koma chotengera chidakhala m'madzi a Sevastopol. Komabe, mu Novembala, wolamulira wa sitima Viktor Yorygin adalandiridwa ndi uthenga wochokera ku Leonid Kravchu, yemwe adalumikiza kuti mtunduwo ndi wa Ukraine ndipo ayenera kukhala m'madzi ake.
Wolamulirayo adaganizira kuti nkhaniyo idasaikiratu sizinachitike komanso maphunziro a boma ngati boma, monga Ukraine, ndipo adaganiza zokhala mogwirizana ndi utsogoleri wa USSR ndipo adafika Contral-Adruffil yury ustimno.
Usiku wa Novembara 30, "Kuznetsov" Kudzutsa Masabata ndipo adapita ku Bosphorous. Kwa masiku 25, atalimbika ku Europe, waluso laubwenzi adafika ku Viyaevo.
Gawo la oyendetsa ndege ndi ndege yomwe ili ndi sitima yosambira siyichoka, kungokhala ku Sevastopol. Ena anakana kutchera ku Ukraine ndipo pambuyo pake adafika pamaziko a gulu la 279th la sitima ya sitima. Ndipo otimaliza ku Ukraine adalandiridwa posachedwa posachedwa - dzikolo lidalibe zombo.