Chiphunzitso
A John Milton mu Chingerezi, monga Alexander Pushin ku Russia, ndiye wolemba ndakatulo wamkulu kwambiri komanso woganiza zomwe zomwe zidakwanitsidwa. Moyo wake ndi umunthu wake zimadalira kwa ndale ku Britain: Anayamba monga Pampuristis Karl Ine, ndipo adamaliza osauka, koma otchuka ku Europe.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Wolemba ndakatuloyo anabadwa pa Disembala 9, 1608 ku London, mtima wa Britain, mu umodzi wa wolamulira a John Milton ndi Sara Jeffrey.
Ndalama zochokera mu nyimbo zomwe John Milton angalembe ntchito zapadera zabwino kwambiri mumzinda wa Thomas Yang, a Andrews University, mbadwa za Scetland, Presbyteria. Amakhulupilira kuti motsimikiza kuti ntchito ya John Milton - Wamng'ono amapita m'njira yachipembedzo.
Sayansi Yoyambira Juilton Pumbi ku Sukulu ya St Paul ku London. Kenako adalowa ku koleji ya Khristu ku Cambridge, omwe adamaliza maphunziro a 429 m'malo a Ophunzira 24 opambana.
Phunziroli linaperekedwa kwa John Milton, lopanda zovuta, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mawu a mchimwene wake wa Christopher:
"Ankaphunziridwa molimbika kwambiri mosakhalitsa, mpaka pakati pausiku, kenako usiku."Chowonadi ndi chakuti zaka za zaka zambiri, wolemba mbiri wa ariudite sanali wopanda chidwi kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la mikangano pa mitu yosagwirizana, yomwe amakakamizidwa kuti akakamizidwe. Pofuna kuthana ndi fodya, Joh Milton adayamba kulemba ndakatulo.
Moyo Wanu
Mu 1642, a Mary Powell adakhala mkazi wake Juzuni. Anathamangira kangapo kwa makolo ake, mwatsoka kukhazikika ndi Gradi adakonzekera: kusiyana pakati pa okwatirana kunali zaka 17.Komabe, ukwati wa Mary Powell adabereka ana anayi - Anna (Julayi 7, 1646), Maria (October 25, 1651) ndi Debora (Membala 2, 162. Amulungu omaliza sanakonzeka, ndipo pa Meyi 5, 1652, Mariya Powell adachoka padziko lonse lapansi.
Mwana yekhayo wa a John Milton adamwalira kuyambira ali wakhanda. Ana aakazi anakulirakulira, koma wolemba ndakatulo sakanakhoza kukhazikitsa ubale wolimba ndi iwo.
Catherine Woodkok Woodkok Worth Walton pa Novembara 12, 1656, adawononganso chidwi chokhala ndi ana. Wovutitsidwayo anali pachabe: mayiyo anamwalira pababulo 3, 1658, ndipo mwana wake wamkazi Catherine ali miyezi 4 yokha.
Pa February 24, 1663, a John Milton adapeza Elizabeth Minzab - "mkazi wachitatu komanso wabwino", monga akuwonetsera mnyumbayo ku Manchester, pomwe okwatirana amakhala. Ngakhale panali kusiyana pakati pa zaka 31, banja lidakwatirana ndikukhala kwa zaka zoposa 12, mpaka kufa kwa ndakatuloyo.
Mafilosofi ndi luso
Ntchito yodziwika bwino kwambiri pantchito ya John Milton ndi ndakatulo ya "paradiso wotayika" (1667). Olemba mbiri amakono a maluso a United Kingdom ndi chilankhulo cha Chingerezi amaganiza kuti njira imodzi yofunika yophunzitsira yolembedwa.
Ndakatulo mu mavoliyumu 12 omwe John Milton adalemba kuchokera pa 1658 mpaka 1664 amadzipereka pakukhumudwa kwa munthu. Pakati pa chiwembu - Mulungu ndi satana akumutsutsa Iye, mbiri ya kulengedwa kwa Adamu ndi Hava.
Anthu a nthawiyo (mwachitsanzo, Danieli deffo) adatsutsa malingaliro a John Milton ndipo amalingalira kwambiri za chipembedzo ndi ndale. Ndakatulo zambiri za "Paradiso" Wotayika ".
Mwachitsanzo, mu imodzi mwa mabuku omwe Adamu, akufuna kuwombola machimo, akuganiza kuti amamanga maguwa mazana ambiri kuti alambire Mulungu. Akulukulu akulu a Mikhael akufotokozera woyamba, kuti zinthu zakuthupi sizithandiza kumva kukhalapo kwa Ambuye. Mwanjira ina, a John Milton amatsutsa chizolowezi chofuna kudziwa kuti chikhulupiriro sichikhala m'malingaliro kwa Mulungu, koma m'miyala.
Adaniwo adatsutsidwa a John Milton, nati: CATHOon ndi St. Petro ku Roma ndi umboni wopembedza mafano, osati zokhudzana ndi chikhulupiriro.
A John Milton adamanganso nthawi yake. M'modzi mwa oyamba kumene, adayamba kukangana zokhudzana ndi maukwati ndikusanja popanda kutchalitchi. Poganizira mbiri ya Adamu ndi Hava, zomwe zinali zapamwamba ku boma, koma osati gawo lakumwamba, ndakatulo inanenanso kuti: Ukwati ndi mgwirizano womwe unachitika pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi. A John Milton anali ndi chidwi chapadera kuvomerezedwa ndi zigawo zonse zaukwati ndi chisudzulo.
Mumphumu ya M'baibulo Yoyambitsidwa "Paradiso Wotayika", Paradaiso "wabwerera mu ndakatulo ya" yobwekedwa "(1671). Pakadali pano pakati pa chiwembu - Yesu Khristu, lomwe limakhala kuti lizikhala lolimbana ndi mayesero a satana kuposa Adamu ndi Hava. Pomvetsetsa ndakatuloyo, Mwana wa Mulungu ndi chitsanzo cha nzika yabwino: ngakhale panali zokhudzana ndi dziko loyandikana ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa ndale, iye amakhalabe wokhulupirika kugwa.
Gawo la mkango wa a John Milton lili ndi lingaliro la Mulungu, koma pali mu machitidwe ake a m'Baibulo komanso njira zapandale zokha. Otchuka kwambiri a iwo ndi "Asopaginika" (1644). Mu ntchitoyi, wolemba ndakatuloyo akuimira ufulu wa kulankhula ndi akanikizire.
"Asopaginika" akutsutsa mosapita m'mbali lingaliro la Nyumba Yamalamulo ya 1643 kumapeto kwa wofufuza wamkulu. A John Milton akulemba kuti mchitidwewu sunagwiritsidwe ntchito munthawi zakale: ku Greece ndi Roma, ngakhale zolemba zopenga kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu, osawotchedwa "pagawo la Spell.
A John Milton akuwona kuti kulimbana ndi zonyamula za olemba chowonadi ndi olemba sikungakonze zomwe zalembedwazi sizingathandize kuchotsa chivundi chokha.
Ponena za kudziletsa, a John Milton safuna kugawidwa koyambirira, koma kufotokozera udindo wonena za wolemba ndi wofalitsa m'mabuku kuti avomereze kuwunika kapena kunyoza, olakwa angathe kulangidwa.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti "Asopaginika" sanachitepo kanthu nyumba yamalamulo kuti isale chisankho choyambirira. M'malo mwake, ufulu wolankhula unaletsedwa mpaka 1695.
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zazikuluzikulu izi, John Milton adasiya madera akumiyala (odziwika kwambiri - mapasa "oseketsa" ndi "amalonda" amasewera ". Ngakhale kuti dziko lapansi likudziwa John Milton ngati ndakatulo, ntchito zawo zambiri zomwe adapanga.
Imfa
Choyambitsa imfa ya John Milton anali kulephera kulephera. Matendawa anayamba kuzunza ndakatuloyo m'zaka za 1660s, ndipo anangomaliza kumene Novembara 8, 1674. Thupi linawotchedwa mu mpingo wa Sails Cruptate ku London. Mu 1793, manda adakongoletsa chipilala chomwe John wankhumba.
Zaka khumi zomaliza za mbiri yake, a John Milton adakhala pa umphawi komanso mwamantha kuti amangidwa chifukwa cha malingaliro ochita zatsopano.