Jacques Lacan - chithunzi, mbiri yamunthu, moyo waumwini, chifukwa cha imfa, psychoanalyst

Chiphunzitso

Jacques Lacan adatchuka ngati wophunzira komanso wolowa m'malo mwa malingaliro a Sigmund Freud. A Frenchman adayamba ngati wazamisala, koma pakapita nthawi adakhala ndi chidwi ndi malingaliro a Psychoanalysis ndi malingaliro, omwe adamupangitsa kutchuka kwa woganiza bwino kwambiri ndipo wasayansi akuchita nawo sayansi yamunthu m'zaka za zana la 20. Kupereka kwa mwamunayo kukhala wama psychology kumatsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti Orthodox Psychoanalysis amatchedwa liwu loti "freedism-Lakanism".

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Jacques Mariie Emil Lacan adabadwa pa Epulo 13, 1901 ku likulu la France. Nyumba yomwe mwana adaleredwa, anali ndi mibadwo itatu ya Lakanov: Pakhalapo agogo aamuna ndi agogo, omwe adalumikizidwa ndi malonda amalonda miyoyo yawo yonse. Makolo Alfred ndi Emily adabereka mwana wamwamuna m'miyambo yachikatolika. Abambo ankagwira ntchito ngati manejala wazachuma, ndipo amayi ake ankadzipereka kuti alere ana.

Malo oyamba kuphunzira anali aJesuit College of St. Stinislav kwa mnyamatayo. Lacan adayendera sukuluyi kuyambira pazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndipo kudziwonetsa Yekha ngati wophunzira waluso yemwe adapatsidwa mosavuta zinthu zonse. Ali ndi zaka 14, mnyamatayo adakondwera ndi nzeru, chidwi chapadera chokulira machitidwe a Spinoza.

Kulowa yunivesite, Jacques wodzipereka yekha ku mankhwala, kusankha amisala ngati luso. Munthawi imeneyi, mnyamatayo akumana ndi aphunzitsi a Gaetan, omwe maphunziro ake anali paranoia, katswiri wamalingaliro ndi zopanda pake. Munthuyo adakhala chitsanzo cha alangizi owona kwa wachinyamata, wotanganidwa kwambiri ndi nkhani yophunzira komanso yotha kupatsira ena chidwi chake.

Ali mwana, Lacan anali ndi nkhawa za chikhulupiriro ndi kukana kwa zipembedzo zam'mbuyomu. Anakulitsa kuphunzira kwa filosophy kuchokera ku Settft Wilhelm Leibniz ku Karl Marx. Ma yunivesite ya Jacques adamaliza maphunziro a 1931, atalandira chapadera chamisala. Chaka chotsatira, French adamuletsa malingaliro ake operekedwa ku Paranoodsys, komwe amadzipangira zamankhwala, za psychosofi ndi psychoanalytic amawonetsera. Ntchitoyi idasindikizidwa m'magazini a sayansi ndipo adaganizira kwambiri za wojambula wa Al Salvador Dali, yemwe adalemba a Super Canvas "Ctorina bulu" malinga ndi zifukwa zake.

Moyo Wanu

Moyo Wamunthu wa Psychoanalyt sangathe kutchedwa wotopetsa. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Jacques adakwatirana mu 1934, mkazi wake adadzakhala wachisoni, louser. Ana awiri adabadwa muukwati - mwana wamkazi Carolina ndi mwana wamwamuna Tibo. Komabe, mwamunayo sanali munthu wachibale komanso wachitsanzo chabwino. Amakonda akazi okongola, omwe nthawi zambiri ankachita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri. Pakati pawo panali Sylvia Batay - mkazi wa wolemba komanso mnzake Lakan George Batha. Mu 1941, mayi adabereka jets jets mwana wamkazi wamkazi.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, wafilosofi adakwanitsa kubisa chikondi chachinsinsi komanso mwana wowonjezereka wochokera kubanja. A Jacques adakwatirana ndi Sylvia mu 1953, pomwe mnzanu woyamba adamwalira. Mwana wamkazi wa bambo wa Kafukufuku wa Miller, Alerques Alerler - wotsatira wokhulupirika wa Atate komanso wotchuka wa sukulu ya Psychoanalytic. Lakuna atamwalira, mpongozi wake adakhala okwatirana amayang'anira kusintha komanso kufalitsa mabuku pofika.

Ntchito Yasayansi

Pakati pa ziphunzitso za Freud Pakatikati pa 1920s, Lacan adakhala woimira buku la psychoayalysis. A Franman sanali wotsatira wopanda lingaliro, koma adaphunzitsidwa malangizo olemba. Anachita maphunziro akusamutsa - njira yobwereza zakale, zomwe kale zidalipo, zomwe kale kubereka kale. Mothandizidwa ndi macheza a George Gegel, kusaka kwa ojambula pasukulu, zilankhulo za zilankhulo za Ferdinand de Sosorira ndi buku la Chifalansa kubwerezanso za sayansi ya munthu.

Jacques molana adalimbana ndi kutanthauzira kosakwanira kwa freuddism komanso njira zakale zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazamisala. Lingaliro lalikulu linali chiphunzitso cha kukhalapo kwa gulu looneka ngati losaoneka. Zomwe sizikudziwa ku Lakan zimawonekera mchilankhulo ndi zolankhula, chifukwa chake asayansiyo adayesa kuchiza matenda amisala - kuchokera ku nkhawa zosazindikira ku Psychosis - kudzera muzochita zolankhula.

Kuphatikiza pophunzira vuto la kulankhula, Mfaradi wa French adazindikira zenizeni kudzera mu mphete Brormomeo, komwe woyamba ndi weniweni, wachiwiri ndi woganiza zenizeni ndi chikumbumtima. Zolinga za magawo atatu a Jacques anafotokozedwa mu ntchito ya "Abambo Mayina". Kukhulupirika kwa kafukufuku wa katswiri wazamisala anali chodabwitsa, chomwe Lacan sichinafanane ndi zosowa ndi kusilira, ndipo zimapeza chisokonezo chokwanira, chosakhoza kudzazidwa.

A Jacques adalemba pang'ono, zambiri za m'Baibuloli zimaimiridwa ndi kuwonetsa kwa masemini omwe amachititsa omvera. Patulani mabuku odziyimira pawokha kuchokera kwa Wolembayo, mu mndandanda wawo "ntchito ndi gawo la kuyankhula ndi chilankhulo mu psychoanayasis" ndi "pachake ndi kapangidwe ka Mulungu".

Imfa

M'zaka zaposachedwa, Lacan wadwala kwambiri. A Fren adapezeka ndi khansa ya m'matumbo, ndipo adasamutsidwa mu 1978 opaleshoniyo idaperekanso zotsatira pang'ono. Wasayansi anapitiliza kulemba, amawerenga nkhani ndipo ali ndi zaka 79 yemwe anasewera, ataimirira pamaso pa anthu 800 kwa anthu 800, pomwe mawu a munthu adakhala oyera komanso amphamvu. Chithunzi cha nthawiyo chikuwonetsa kuti wofufuzayo anali odzaza ndi mphamvu.

Mu 1980s, a Jacques adadwala sitiroko, komwe adachira kunyumba ya mwana wamkazi wam'ng'ono. Anapitilizabe kuvutika ndi matumbo, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa 1981 bambo wina adayikidwa m'chipatala cha Hartann ku Neya-Sur-Sten. Seputembara 9 Lakan sanatero. Choyambitsa Imfa chinali chakulephera chaimpso, chopangidwa pambuyo pochotsa chotupa chadzidzidzi. Manda a Psychoanaly, amapezeka kumanda a Hitrakur, patali ndi chithunzi cha chaso, komwe nyumba yake idadziwika.

Mawu

• "Kusanthula kumachitika bwino."
• "Onse ovomerezeka amadziwika ndi munthu payekhapayekha - palibe lakuthwa m'malo osokoneza."
• "Ndikuganiza pamenepo, komwe sindine, ndipo ndili komweko, komwe sindikuganiza."
• "Super - ine ndi mawu chabe omwe samanena chilichonse."
• "Mawu akuti Libido akutumikira, mawu akuti kutanthauza kukhululukirana, komwe kumayambitsa lingaliro la kufanana, za mtundu wa zithunzi."

M'bali

• "Pamkati zopanda pake ndi kapangidwe ka Mulungu"
• 1953 - "Ntchito ndi gawo la kuyankhula ndi chilankhulo mu psychoanalysis"
• 1954 - "imagwira ntchito panjira ya psychoanalysis"
• 1955 - "Ine" mu chiphunzitso cha Freud ndi njira ya Psychoanalysis "
• 1957 - Makalata osazindikira kapena tsogolo la malingaliro pambuyo pa Freud
• 1958 - "Maphunziro Odziwa"
• 1960 - "Makhalidwe a Psychoanalysis"
• 1963 - Mayina - Atate "
• 1963 - "kuda nkhawa"
• 1964 - "Malingaliro Awiri Oyambirira a Psychoanalysis"
• 1970 - "Kulemba kwa Psychoanalysis"