Chiphunzitso
Mapeto a kasupe wa 2020, ngongole za tsiku ndi tsiku zidakweza nkhani yayikulu kwambiri mu nkhani yake, pofotokoza za sayansi zambiri zomwe wina akufuna kudzikoza ndi abale athu ochepa. Kuchulukitsa kwa zinyama (kapena kutumiza) zokhudzana ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe kumadziwika ndi machitidwe otchuka ku America adadziwika ndi amisala otchuka ku America Aaron Beck ndi Duli Woyenera Kubwerera Mu 1981 Mu lipoti lolumikizana, Mafunso 31.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Pakati pa Julayi 1921, mwa 18, mchidakwa mu banja lalikulu la Ufumu wa ku Russia, Ayudawo amtundu, mwana wamng'ono adawonekera - mwana wa Aroni. Harry Beck (Herchel Bull) adabadwa ku Phiskurov (tsopano ndi Iklaine Khalidky), adagwira ntchito ngati wofalitsa nasamukira ku United States mu 1906.
Elizabeth Tekkin adafika ku United States of America kuchokera kwa Woveman (m'mbuyomu - mzinda wakale kwambiri pa Dnieper) ndipo adagwira ntchito pagulu. Okonda adakwatirana mu 1909.
Pambuyo pake, mwamunayo adazindikira kuti, ngakhale panali zovuta zomwe zidachitika zomwe zidachitika (zomwe zidanenedwa kuti mayi ake, ndipo sanachiritsidwe ndi mwana wake wamkazi kuchokera ku Fruweza, adakulira mumkhalidwe wa chikondi ndi chisamaliro. Kuyambira ndili mwana, mnyamatayo sanakhale ndi mavuto pophunzira, zomwe sizinganenedwe za thanzi lake.
Ndili mwana, mavutowa adachitika: Kuwonongeka kwa dzanja kudapangitsa sepsis, kulimba mtima kunadetsa nkhawa madotolo. Wodwalayo adapulumuka kuti zidakhala ngati zozizwitsazo, koma zomwe zidachitika sizinapata popanda kufufuza: Phobias ambiri adakula. Mwachitsanzo, beche adawopa kuvulaza magazi, amachita pagulu, osakanikirana, pofunika kuchita nawo opareshoni, motayika chifukwa cha njira yosinthira mankhwala.
Mu 1942, mnyamatayo anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Newdov University, ndipo patatha zaka 4, sukulu ya yole la zamankhwala ndi digiri. Kenako, podutsa lufelo, adalowa mu riggs riggs ndipo adayamba kugwira ntchito yankhondo ku chigwa chankhondo. M'tsogolomu, panali kuwerengera kwa yunivesite yofufuzira ku Pennsylvania ndi Apsaa.
Moyo Wanu
Ndi moyo wa Aaron, chilichonse chiri mwadongosolo. Kalelo mu 1950, iye ali pachibale mosangalala whitman, yemwe adadzakhala woweruza woyamba yemwe adayamba kuweruza kukhothi la Pennsylvania ndipo nthawi zonse amathandizira mwamuna wake wokondedwa m'malingaliro ake. Ana anayi, drifr, Dan, a Alice ndi Judith adabadwa muukwati.Mwa njira, mwana wamkazi wamng'ono kwambiri anapita kumapazi a kholo lodziwika bwino, lopambana kwambiri pophunzira zamakhalidwe am'mimba. Mu 1994, iye, pamodzi ndi Atate, adayambitsa maphunziro awo anzeru komanso kafukufuku, womwe uli ku Philadelphia.
"Nditangoyamba kumene ntchito, ndimayenera kuthamangira kwa kasitomala aliyense, kufotokoza tanthauzo la njirayo kuti apereke malingaliro. Masiku ano mwana wanga wamkazi andiyambitsa Indist. Kodi si umboni kuti mankhwala ochiritsira amasintha moyo wabwino? " - adalemba beck.Ponena za zomwe amakonda, zimadziwika kuti wotchuka amakonda kutolera agulugufe ndipo satopa kubwezeretsanso zopereka zawo zochititsa chidwi ndi zoyesazi zatsopano.
Maphunziro azamisala
Poyamba, neurology adakopa mnyamata, koma, pokhudzana ndi amisala, adamukhumudwitsa. M'maso mwake, kudwala kwambiri kunatha pang'onopang'ono popanda kuchitira chithandizo moyenera: Magazi osokoneza magazi kutaya chikumbumtima pambuyo pa Lobotomy ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Aaron anazindikira kuti kunali kofunikira kuyang'ana yankho labwino kwambiri la magazini ino.
Check adatembenukira ku meganalysis m'matumbowo zaka zimenezo, koma posakhalitsa sabweretsa chifukwa, makamaka ngati timalankhula za kukhumudwa. Chifukwa chake, posakhalitsa adapanga kuvutika maganizo kwawo komanso pamaziko a machitidwe aluso komanso kuphatikizika mosamalitsa kuphatikizika - njira yatsopano yochitira mavuto omwe amapezeka otchedwa psychotherepy. Zina zazikulu za beck zopangidwa mosasamala za Albert Ellis, yemwe adalonjeza malangizo a rapt.
"Kukana Kukangana Kulingana ndi Njira za Freud, chinthu choyamba chomwe ndimakhala nacho chimandidetsa nkhawa zakuthupi. Nditayamba kuchita zamankhwala am'mimba, mavuto azachuma adanjenjemera kwambiri. Pambuyo pa magawo khumi, makasitomala okhutitsidwa, ndipo ndalama zanga zimasungunuka patsogolo pa maso, "adatero otchuka pamaso.Komabe, nthawi iika zonse pamalo ake, komanso kuthekera kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri pakutumiza odwala omwe akuponderezedwa kuti akaganize bwino. Zothandizira pa psychology ya beck ndi yayikulu. Pulofesayu wakhala ndi malingaliro awiri a zikhulupiriro zakuzama (zokhudzana ndi kusowa kwanzeru), adayambitsa mawu oti "mwanzeru", mayeso a kuvutika maganizo), etc.
Ake olemera a m'Baibulo amakhala ndi mabuku, mapindu ndi nkhani zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti muchepetse kudzipha komanso kuphwanya. Izi zikuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, makamaka zomwe zatchulidwa "kuda nkhawa komanso kuda nkhawa:, yomwe imafalitsidwa mozama", yofalitsidwa ndi David Clark, ndi "olembedwa ndi arthur Fremen.
Aaron Beck tsopano
Ngakhale panali msinkhu wolemekezeka, Aaron Beck amachita bwino. Mu 2019, mbiri yopanga yaluso ya wolemba luso linalemeretsa nkhani yotchedwa "chisinthiko 60 cha chiphunzitso chanzeru ndi mankhwala." Zaka ziwiri izi zisanachitike, tsamba la Medscape lidayimitsa mayiko otchedwa psychosate pamndandanda wazaka 4 mndandanda wa madokotala a madokotala azaka zana zapitazi.Chizindikiro cha mankhwalawa chodzichitira bwino komanso kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi iwo akupitiliza ntchito yake. Ntchito za Institute zitha kuyang'aniridwa ndi zithunzi ndi zidziwitso patsamba lovomerezeka komanso pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti.
M'bali
- 1967 - Disoni ndi Chithandizo cha Kukhumudwa "
- 1972 - "Kukhumudwa: Zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo"
- 1975 - "Mavuto a Mankhwala"
- 1979 - "Mankhwala Odziwa Chidziwitso"
- 1993 - "Mankhwala anzeru a chida choledzera komanso kudalira kwake"
- 1998 - "Mphamvu Yophatikiza Yogwiritsa Ntchito"
- 1999 - "Andende odana: Zovuta zodziwika bwino za Wright, kudana ndi chiwawa"
- 1999 - "maziko asayansi a fano lanzeru ndi kuvutika maganizo"
- 2003 - "Psychotherepy ofpyspy of Mavuto Amunthu"
- 2005 - "Mavuto a Aponda ndi phobias: malingaliro anzeru"
- 2008 - "Schizophrenia: Chithunzi chanzeru, kafukufuku ndi mankhwala"
- 2010 - "Mankhwala anzeru a Mavuto A: Sayansi ndi Zochita"
- 2012 - "Gulu Lodzisamalira Kwambiri"