Chiphunzitso
Woyenda ku Russia ndi ufiti wa Nikolai Mikluka-Maclai anali kuchita bizinesi yake yosangalatsa m'zaka za zana la 19, pomwe kuyenda pamtunda ndi madzi kunali kovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri sizingachitike. Inde, ndipo zigawo za kafukufuku, wasayansi adavotera osati okhala ku Australia, opezeka ku Oragonia ndi New Guinea, ndipo zomwe zidapeza sizinaletsedwe ndi chiwonetsero cha anthu. Miklupho-Maclay adafunsidwa ndi nkhani zamakhalidwe ndi zoyenera ndikuyesera kuteteza ufulu wa chilumba cha anthu akutali.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Woyendayenda adabadwa pa Julayi 5, 1846 ku gawo la Novgorod, koma patatha mwezi umodzi banja limodzi ndi mwana wakhanda atasamukira ku St. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya mutu wa banja, miklukhi anali kusokonezedwa mobwerezabwereza, ndipo mkazi wake Ekaterina Semenovna Becker, pa nthawi imeneyi, anabereka ana. Kolyuna anali ndi abale ndi alongo atatu.
Makolo a asayansi anali a ulemu, ndipo nkovuta kulankhula za dziko: anali ndi mizu ya ku Germany, Germany. Ngakhale kuti bambo ake anagwira ntchito molimbika ndipo sanathe kuthetsa thanzi, matenda a chifuwa chachikulu pantchitoyi, zinthu zakuthupi zimavuta. Vutoli likukula pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa Nikoai Ilyich mu 1857, pomwe mkazi wamasiye ndi olowa m'malo adasiyidwa popanda penshoni ndi ndalama. Amayi adayesetsa kupeza ndalama ndi zojambula, ndipo ndalama zazing'ono zomwe zidayikidwa m'matangadza.
Phunziro loyamba la ana anali kuchita za aphunzitsi akubwera komanso olamulira, chifukwa cha miklokhi amagulitsidwa ndi Germany ndi French. Zotsatira zake, pokhapokha pa nkhani izi ku Nikoai zinali ndi kuyesera kwabwino, chifukwa ena onse adalandira katatu. Kukakumana ndi mnyamatayo kuphonya ndipo ngakhale adakhalapo kangapo kwa chaka chachiwiri, chifukwa chomwe panali zovuta ndi thanzi komanso chidwi cha wachinyamata wakunja. Mwachitsanzo, zionetsero zaboma pofuna kutenga nawo mbali komwe anamangidwa ali ndi zaka 15.
Nikolai sanamalize masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo adaganiza za Freestar mu University St. Petersburg University, komwe sanachedwe ku University, komwe sanali kuchedwa chifukwa chotenga nawo mbali. Zotsatira zake, miklukha kumanzere ku Germany, komwe adaphunzira ku yunivesite ya Heidelberg University wa Heidelberg yunivesite ya Heilberg, kenako ku mayunivesite a Leipzig ndi Ian Universion, komwe adayamba kuphunzira mankhwala, zakuthambo.
Ndalama zinali zokwanira kulipira nyumba ndi maphunziro, komabe, mnyamatayo adagwidwa ndi chidwi ndi kupirira, chifukwa cha zomwe mtsogoleri wa sayansi wa Elnst Geckel adazindikira. Kupita ku ulendo wopita ku zilumba za Canary, adapempha wophunzira waluso naye. Uwu unali ulendo woyamba wofufuza za Miklukhi, komwe adathandizira mutuwo pophunzira za Atlantic ndipo mu njirayi adathandizira pa biology, kutsegula mtundu watsopano wa siponji.
Moyo Wanu
Nikolay amakhala ndi chidwi ndi anyamata kapena atsikana komanso chibwenzi chokondana, kadali wophunzira ku Germany. Komabe, kusintha kwakukulu m'moyo wanu zafotokozedwa ku Australia, komwe adakumana ndi mwana wamkazi wa kazembe wa kum'mwera kwa New Sol Margaret Clark. Makolo a akwatibwi sanasangalale ndi kusankha kwa mwana wawo wamkazi: Mkwati wina amadziwika ndi thanzi lofooka, kupsa mtima, kunalibe boma, komanso anafuna kuti achotse mtsikanayo ku Russia.
Komabe, ngakhale kuti pa ukwati, Margaret adataya renti yolimba, yomwe adalandira zofuna za mwamuna woyamba, adagwirizana ndi woyenda ku Russia, ndipo ukwati unachitika pa February 27, 1884.
Kusiyanako kwachipembedzo kunalibe vuto la mgwirizanowu, m'mene ana amuna awiri anabadwa, Alexander ndi Vladimir. Nthambi ya ku Australia ya mbadwa za nkhamba, agogo-agogo-inness omwe amakhala ku Sydney, Melborne ndi Moteberre.
Ntchito yofufuzira Nikolai NikolayEvich mu New South Wales adayimitsidwa, adanyamula banjalo kupita ku Russia, matendawa adakankhira thanzi lake. Margaret mikluka-maclay sanafune kukhala m'dziko lachilendo ndipo kumapeto kwa 1888 adabwerera ku Australia, omwe adamvetsetsa kale ndi ngale za mwamuna wake. Emperor Alexander iii adalipira mzimayi wosiyana naye ndipo adapeza ndalama yake yamoyo yolimba.
Sayansi ndi Kupita
Uli Wolemekezeka Mikluko-Macy adayamba mu 1870, atafika ku sitima yankhondo ya Vivenal ndiulendo wopita ku New Guinea. Popeza anali atakhala pachilumbacho kwazaka zoposa chaka cha tsiku ndi tsiku, mawu komanso miyambo ndi miyambo ya papuans, yemwe ankakwanitsa kuthana ndi ulemu wawo komanso chidaliro.Sanangolemba mwatsatanetsatane za atchanesis, komanso anayambitsa vuto la mtundu wa anthu, kutsimikizira kuti okhalamo zilumba zakumaso ndi oimira onse, osati gawo losinthika la anyani. Wogwira ntchito kapoloyo amawoneka kuti wachita asayansi osavomerezeka.
Kafukufuku wa anthropoloomical ndi EthNographic komanso Ekhlai Nikolalich anapitiliza ku Philippines, kumayiko a Omadzi ndi Indonesia, koma kunabwezedwanso ku Guinea New. Ku Australia, wasayansi adachita ntchito yomanga malo osungira nyama, omwe amaphunzira nyama padziko lonse lapansi. Zotsatira zake, kumayiko akutali, woyendetsa aku Russia ankakhala nthawi yambiri kuposa kwawo.
Imfa
Pa moyo wake waufupi, Miklupho-Maclary sanavutike kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kutupa kwamapapu, aleriss, neuralgia, rheumatism ndi malungo. Zochitika zomaliza zidamtsata kuchokera ku unyamata mpaka chimaliziro cha masiku. Podzafika 40, Nikolai Nikolayyovich adafooketsa, wotayika ndi kupweteketsa mtima. Anayesa kugwira ntchito, komabe, kuyambira pa 1888 sakanakhozanso popanda morphine.
Imfa ya woyendayo idayambitsidwa ndi kuzunzika: bronchitiyis ndi chibayo zidawonjezedwa ku kusowa tulo, edema, kusanza ndi kusokonezeka kwa minofu. APRIL 2, wasayansi sanatero. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa zidakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za zana la 20: Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale komanso Ethonagraphy idasamutsidwira ku Museum ndi Ethonagraphy mu 1938, adayesa mayeso omwe adapeza khansa ku nsagwada.
Mwaluso adayikidwa pamalingaliro enieni a Volkovsky manda a St. Petersburg. Anakhalabe m'mbiri ya mbiri yayikulu, yomwe nthawi yomweyo idathandizira geography, biology, anthrogy, neoctogy ndi magawo ena okhudzana ndi sayansi. Chithunzi cha wofufuzayo chimakongoletsa makhoma a maofesi a sukulu, ndipo malonda ake a Biopraople adayambitsa mabuku ndi mafilimu.
Kukumbuka
- Miklupho-maclay patokha, malinga ndi ufulu wa wofufuza woyamba, dzina lake dzina lake kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Guinea New Guinea
- Mtsinje wa Makley Mu River mu Syrolabia Bay
- Dzinalo la Mikluka-Maclay adatchedwa Bay Bay of Sourcean One ku Gombe la Antarctica (Wilx Land)
- Asteroid 3196 Maklaj (Maklaj)
- Zipilala za wasayansi zokhazikitsidwa ku Okolovka (Novgorod Dera), Malina, Sevastopol, Jakarta
- Misewu ya Miklupho-Maclay Misewu ku Moscow ndi Madanga (Papua New Guinea)
- Mudzi womwe wakhazikitsidwa kumene pafupi ndi Cape Garagasi mu 2017 adalandira dzina la Miklukho-Macy
- Miklupho-Maklai Moto Motor
- Chithunzithunzi cha "Mikluka-Maklala". Wotsogolera A. E. Zomveka
- Chithunzithunzi cha "Gombe la Moyo Wake". Wotsogolera Yu. M. Somin
- Katuni "Munthu Wochokera Ku Mwezi"
- Nyimbo "equator"