Chiphunzitso
Alexen Basmanov ndi umunthu wodziwika bwino womwe umayesedwa. Ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya mfumu ndi asitikali ankhondo osawoneka mu magwero ambiri, zigawo zoterezi monga "maniac" ndi "malo osungira Svétourus" adagwiritsidwa ntchito.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Tsiku lenileni la kubadwa kwa Alexei Danilovich silikudziwika, kumapeto kwa XV - koyambirira kwa XVI zaka zambiri. Abambo ake Danil Andreevich Plescheev anali wa mabwana akale. Ivan iii adatumikira ndikufa mu ukapolo wa Lithuania, pomwe mwana wake yekhayo anali wachinyamata.
Izi ndi za banja lodziwika bwino zimayambitsa chisokonezo kwa olemba mbiri. Chidziwitso choyamba chomwe chimawonetsa mbiri ya nthawi ya nthawi ya Ivan Grozny, ndi ya 1543. Kenako adalembedwa ndi bwanamkubwa lachitatu pakati pa mzindawo amatchedwa Elhattma. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, sizinalinso Yun, chifukwa chake zinali zachilendo kuti kunalibe ulemu kapena kuyenera ku Benamona.
Koma Alexei Daniilovich adadzionetsa. Magwero akuwonetsa - Basmanov adatenga nawo mbali mwachindunji pa chiwembu chotsutsana ndi Grozny, mlangizi Fyodor Vortomesov.
Zomwe mfumu ya mfumu idatsata nthawi yomweyo. Koma zozizwitsa sizinakhudze mtsogolo. Ndipo mu 1550 ntchito yake yankhondo idayamba, yomwe idadziwika ndi zochitika monga kugwidwa kwa Kazan.
Olamulira Olamulira
Aleamy Danililovich adachita nawo kampeni ya Kazan. Mu 1552, adalandira kale udindo wa Tulumu za Ocolnich, limodzi ndi Peter Ivanovich Shiisy adalamula mfumu, kuzungulira mashelufu kuzungulira mzindawu usiku.
Kuzungulira kwa Kazan kunali kovuta - osati kukonzekera kwakukulu kwa mdani, komanso kulimbikitsa kremun. Bwanabulamu ophunzitsamo anaganiza zowagwetsera mzindawo m'munda wa Agian. Nthawi yomweyo, zovuta zinali zokwana 6.5-mita ya mamita 15 mozama.
Vutoli lidachitika kumapeto kwa 1552, pomwe gawo lina lankhondo la Russia linachokapo kutali ndi udindo wokalamba ndipo sanayembekezere kuukira kwadzidzidzi. Kenako kalonga Mikhail vorotynsky, Petro morozov ndi Yuri kashin adalandira mabala olemera.
Koma gulu la Basmaniv linafika pa nthawi. Adatha kuteteza maudindo omwe adagonjetsedwa ndikuwonetsa kuukirako, chifukwa chomwe zidayenda ku Kazan zidapitilirabe. Seputembara 30, woyamba amayesa kumenyedwa kwa Kremlin. Nkhondo yowopsa idakhala yopambana ankhondo aku Russia - zinali zotheka kujambula gawo la khoma. Ma vorotynsky anatumiza amithenga kwa mfumu, kuti afotokoze izi, napempha kuti apereke chilolezo kwa kuukira kulikonse.
Komabe, mashelusa otsala anali osakonzekera nkhondo yovuta. Anachitika pa Okutobala 2 - Mzindawu udadzipereka. Ndipo Alexey Danilovich anayamba ku Kazani yophedwa ku kazembe wachitatu.
Mu 1555, Basmanov adayankhanso. Kenako Asirikali wa ku Moscow adatsogolera Ivan Vasalyvevich Shelometyyev anagonjetsedwa ndi Gerltot Grya wamkulu. Makina a Kazan adatha nthawi yochepa kwambiri kuti atengere gulu lankhondo 7,000 ndikubwera kudzawopa popanda mantha, akuwonetsa kugunda kwa mdani (womenyera Hana anali ndi anthu zikwi chimodzi) kwa masiku 60. Kulaula kotsatira kwa Chitata kunasweka, ndipo Alexey Danilovich chifukwa choyeneracho chimavomereza Chin Boyarini. Kuphatikiza apo, adasamukira ku Novgorod, komwe adatenga kazembe wachiwiri.
Koma sindinapumule pamavuto kwa nthawi yayitali. Kulimbikitsidwa kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa dzikolo kunatheka kuti ayang'ane kumadzulo. Nkhondo ya ku Livonian inayamba, Ivan IV adafunafuna ku Baltic ndi kukula kwa malonda ndi Europe.
Chifukwa chosinthira kampeni yankhondo inali yambiri. Ndipo mu Januwale 1558, asitikali aku Russia adafika pachimake cha Narva. Dongosolo lolamulira la Livonian linapempha kuti lizisoweka ndipo mwina mwadzipereka ku mzinda wa Russia. Koma mu masika, ndinaswa panganolo, ndikuyambira chipolopolocho kuposa momwe zochita zoyankhira zimakwiyira.
Basmanov, limodzi ndi Danil Adshev ndi Ivan Bulilin adasamukira ku Nateva. Pa Meyi 11, nyumba youmanda idayamba, yomwe idadzetsa kumoto waukulu. Sanawambe, ndipo Alexey Danilivich adayamba kuchitapo kanthu ndikuthamangira kuukira ndi gulu lankhondo. Mzindawo utangotengedwa, kazembe wa Novgoron adalamula kutumiza mfuti kupita ku nyumba yachifumu ndikuyamba kuperewera. Asitikali omwe adawalamulira adapereka ndipo ngakhale adasindikiza ufulu wochoka padenga.
Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa Boyarin ndi abwanamkubwa a Ivan IV ya Grozny kunali kotero kuti adayamikirapo kuti zinthu ndikhale ndi udindo kuti apitirizebe chipongwe cha nyumba yachifumu. Olemba mbiri ena amati ku Kazan, pomwe vorotynky adapempha chilolezo kuti apitilize nkhondoyi, makamaka woyambitsa masitepewo analinso mabasi.
Asitikali omaliza a Boarin ndi a 1564. Pakalowa motsatira, gulu la masewera olimbitsa thupi, limodzi ndi mwana wake lidapumula m'nyumba za ku Ryazate. Ndipo nditangophunzira za kuwukira kwa mdani, nthawi yomweyo anazunza ma detix anapeza. Anatha kugwira "zilankhulo" ndipo amawatumiza ku Moscow.
Ndipo Alexei Danilivi anabisala mumzinda momwe kunalibe gulu lankhondo. Chovuta chowoneka bwino chinayamba kuteteza - kumenyedwa kunayamba pa Okutobala 2 ndikutenga masiku 4. Chitetezo cha Ryazan anayenda mosiyanasiyana, koma posakhalitsa mdaniyo adayang'aniridwa. Komanso, Basmanov adayamba kufunafuna ndikugonjetsa mdani m'modzi.
Mbiri ya mafashoni kumapeto kwa moyo inali yoyipa mwachangu. Olemba mbiri yakale amatcha imodzi mwa oyambitsa makonzedwe a Okrichnin. Kuphatikiza apo, iye, ngakhale ali ndi zaka zokalamba, ndipo anachita zinthu zopanda pake. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa Ivan Guzny, adayendetsa metropoliatan Filipo kuchokera kukachisi.
Moyo Wanu
Chowonadi chakuti Alexei Danilovich anali ndi mkazi, amadziwika chifukwa chodziwa manda ake ku Suzrovsky amonke. Mwachidziwikire, mayiyo adatengedwa kumeneko pambuyo pa mwamuna wake kuphedwa. Zambiri za moyo wamunthu wa kazembe wakhama zimangokhalapo pamlingo wamalingaliro.
Ma busar anali ndi ana awiri - Peter ndi Fhodor Basmanov. Olowa nawo onse adawonanso mu nthawi yovomerezeka.
Imfa
Mu 1569, kalonga wa Athasius Vyazemsky anaimba mlandu maulendodzi mu State Conwer - amayesa kusamutsa Pskov ndi Novgorod Poland. Chifukwa chake kapena ayi - osadziwika. Ndi lingaliro loti kuchotsedwa kwa Basmaniov kunakonzedweratu ndi kudetsedwa ndi ku Mabaramu.Chifukwa chake ndi mikhalidwe ya imfa yakaleyi sadziwika. Ngakhale magwero ambiri amaumiriza kuti anaphedwa, ndipo mwana wake wamkazi Medor, yemwe adapukusa mpeni pachifuwa cha kholo lake m'malo molonjeza mfumu.
Ofufuza ena amayang'anira chiphunzitsocho chomwe munthu aliyense amalowa ndi wolowa m'malowo adatengedwa ndende ya mzinda wa amooolaze. Tsiku la Imfa Boarina - 1570.
Zaluso
Mabuku
- 1862 - "siliva" (wolemba A. K. TOLSstoy)
- 2002 - "Banman: Kulemekeza Bwanamkubwa" (Wolemba A. I. Antonov)
- 2014 - "Corsairs Ivan Grozny" (wolemba K. S. Badigin)
Mafilimu
- 1944 - Ivan Grozny (Actor Ambrose Buchma)
- 1991 - "Tsar Ivan Grozny" (Actor Valentin Kulik)
- 1992 - "mabingu akupita ku Rus" (Actor Viktor Scheglov)
- 2009 - "Tsar" (Aclor Alexander Domiocero)
- 2009 - Ivan Grozny (Actor Victor Zaporizhzhzhzhya)
- 2020 - "Grozny" (Actor Vitaly Khaev)