Henry SCHliman - chithunzi, mbiri yamunthu, moyo waumwini, chifukwa cha kufa, kuyimba tulo, ofukula za m'mabwinja

Chiphunzitso

Wobala mabuku wa ku Germany wa Henry Schulin akudziwa kuti adapeza chikhalidwe cha chitukuko cha Myryan padziko lapansi, komanso adakhalanso zotukuka mumzinda wakale wa Troy ndi Peninsula wa Peloponne. Woyambitsa njira zofufuzira za kumunda ndi msaki wosaka azopeka, omwe adaphunzira zilankhulo za zitukuwo, adalemba mabuku oyenda ndipo adasindikizidwa m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Ogulitsa adadziwika kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za XV. Oyimira oyamba anali amalonda ang'ono ochokera ku tawuni yaku Germany ya Lubeck. Popita nthawi, banjali lachulukitsa malo ochezera a anthu komanso ochezeka ndipo adagwirizana ndi tanthauzo la atsogoleri achipembedzo, ansembe, ogulitsa masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso amalonda otukuka adagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa 1600s.

Podzafika nthawi yobadwa kwa Johann Ludwig Herrich, Julia Shliman (Januware 6, 1822), bizinesi ya makolo adasiyidwa. Bambo a Schliman anali m'busa wotchedwa Louise adachotsa mbadwa ya Spinpla, ndipo amayiwo dzina lake Louip adachotsa mbadwa ndipo adakwatirana.

M'banja lomweli lamilandu lamilandu lidakula linali ana amuna atatu ndi akazi anayi. Mkuluyo akamateteza banja likasamutsidwa kutchalitchi kubwera kwa abandeshagen, mkazi ndi ana adamtsata. Mu 1831, a Kormilingya komanso osunga nyumbayo akufa, Heinrich adataya mayi ake chisamaliro ndipo adasiyidwa okha pagulu la abale ndi alongo.

Abusa sanathe kupereka anyamata ndi atsikana omwe ali ndi zakudya komanso zovala, omwe amacheza amasiye omwe amatumizidwa kwa abale omwe amakhala ku mizinda yaku Germany. Mwana woyamba wamwamuna wa Ernst ndi Louise adamenya nyumba ya alume wansembe. Frederick Schliman adayesetsa kukhala mwana wazaka 10 yemwe amadziwa kuti Chilatini ndipo adakumbukira zonena zawo, adalandira maphunziro oyamba moyang'aniridwa ndi aphunzitsi odziwa ntchito.

Mu masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso Sukulu yeniyeni ya kalksharst diinrich adawonetsa kulakalaka kulemba ndi kutchuka ndi Chingerezi. Ngakhale izi, abale omwe adazindikira kuti akhazikika, sanawone kuti ndikofunikira kukulitsa maluso ndipo sanapatse mwana wa m'bale wawo aliyense.

Muubwana, shiliminn adayenera kuyamba ntchito zochulukira ndikupita kukagwira ntchito mu benchi wa mnzake. Kukonzekera madzi, ngalande zamadzi ndi chipinda zoyeretsa thanzi zomwe zakhudzidwa. Heinrich nthawi zambiri amalanda magazi, akukula ndipo anali ndi nthawi yayitali.

Podzafika chikhrisitu cha mnyamatayo, amene kukula kwake sikunadutse 156 cm, kunalandira cholowa cha amayi ndikusiya nyumba ya amalume. Kuyenda kudera la Germany, atha kupereka ndalama kwa moyo. Zotsatira zake, malinga ndi momwe mnzake amafunsira, Louis Nazhrordo Rostock adatengedwa kupita ku eni kampani "kuti akhale ndi moyo". M'nthambi ya Venezuelan, bambo wachichepere yemwe amamuwona kuti a Spain adaphunzira Chisipanya.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1840s, Schliman adayamba kuchita maphunziro. Analandira ndalama kuti aphunzire ku Netherlands kudzera mwaalemba, kukopera zikalata ndi kutumiza nyuzipepala. Munthawi yochepa, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yake yoloweza mawu ndi ma garmacation, anaphunzira kulankhula Chirasha ndi ku Dutch ndipo adalandira malo oti akaunti ku Schrörder ndi K "Company.

Wotsogola ndi makwerero a ntchito ndikuphulika chidwi, wachinyamata wina wamkazi adazungulira polimyr. Bizinesi yamalonda yamalonda, komwe adakhala mnzake wonse, kukakamizidwa kupita ku Russia. Mu 1847, ndagwirizana ndi Moscow, St. Petersburg ndi Odessa, Heinrich adatembenukira kwa dzikolo ndipo adavomera nzika yayikulu padziko lonse lapansi.

Woyambitsa chiwonetsero ndi bizinesi yomwe idachitidwa bizinesi iliyonse, yomwe idabweretsa phindu, ndipo posakhalitsa adakhala wachuma ndi miyezo ya nthawi yayitali. Pa gawo la ufumu wa Tsaristist, waku Germany, yemwe adatumiza katundu wambiri kwa anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana, amadziwika kuti ndi olamulira ambiri olonjeza.

Moyo Wanu

Ali mwana, atalandira boma, Schlobe anaganiza zokonzekera ntchito ndipo adapereka kwa mtsikanayo dzina lake Sophie Hecker. Kuchita zifukwa zodziwika ndi zifukwa zodziwika adathetsedwa posachedwa ukwati usanachitike. Kulephera kwachiwiri kwa nzika za Victoria kunavutika ndi migodi yapakati paubwana yemwe adakhala mkazi wa mwininyumba.

Posadziwa komwe ndalama zokhala ndi ndalama zokhala ndi ndalama, zotchedwa Heinrich, zinakhazikika ku St. Petersburg, kupita ku Russia mlongo wina ndi abale. Koma achibale adalephera kuwautsa moyo wosungulumwa ndipo sanathandize kuthana ndi malingaliro osakhwima.

Ekaterina wazaka 18 azhina wafika, anakwatirana, omwe anabereka ana atatu aku Germany. Koma munthu wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi akakhala ndi chidwi ndi akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja, wokwatirana naye, adapita kumbuyo, ndipo maubwenzi achikondi adathetsa banja.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Pambuyo pa gawo la malowo ndi kukhazikika pamavuto azamalamulo, SCHALAND idasaka mnzanu - kukongola kwazinthu zomwe zimadziwa ntchito ya Homer. Zozizwa, zosiyanitsidwa ndi dziko lakale, zidabweretsa bizinesi yomwe inkakhala ndi Sofiamenos.

Wokhala ku Atene, anafunsa mayesowo m'mabuku ndi mbiriyakale, anakhala mkazi wachiwiri ndi womaliza wa munthu, kupezeka kwakukulu komwe kunali komwe kunali komwe kunali komwe anali azaka zitatu zakale. Popita nthawi, ana Agarmedonon ndi Andromaha adawonekera m'banjamo m'banjamo ndi mgwirizano. Miyoyo ya ku Germany sinasamale ana ndi okwatirana omwe anali pagulu la zodzikongoletsera, mwina anali wa Elena Trojan.

Sayansi

Kuyendera Museloms mu European Cartiess, Schliman idakhala ndi chidwi m'mbuyomu. Anapitilizabe kuwerenga ntchito za olemba akale, ataphunzira chilankhulo cha Chigriki.

Osakhala ndi chidziwitso mu kafukufuku wa kumunda. Kenako, ataphunzira ntchito zam'matamba ofukula zinthu zakale a Frank Kamalisate, adapita ku Turkey kukachita zokumba za linga zomwe zafotokozedwa ku Iliad ndi Odyssey.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1870, Mjeremani adapeza zotsalira za m'mizinda yakale ku Horsarlylva paphiri la Horsarlyc ndipo adapeza chumachi. Zodzikongoletsera ndi ndalama za golide zikagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutumiza kunja kwa zinthu zakale za ku Musentinople ndi misonkhano yayikulu.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Ndipo bwino, kunenedwa ndi ulemu, Schliman kunakonza zopita ku Mycenae ndikuwona zotsalira za maliro akale. Kupeza kwakukulu kwa zaka za XVINII kunali chigoba chopita patsogolo, chomwe chinali cha mafumu omwe amakhala ku Enwead mu nthawi ya Homer.

Mu zaka zotsatira, maphunziro aku Russia komanso aku America, omwe bizinesi yake idapitilirabe Chingerezi, wolemba mbiri wakale a Arthur Evans, adapita kudera la Troy. Kuchita bwino kumawerengedwa kuti kupezeka kwa creasuucal creauluucal mu 1879.

Imfa

Mu Ogasiti 1890, shliman adagwira ntchito yolinganizidwa yosavuta ndipo adachoka kuchipatala, omwe anali ku Germany, mosemphana ndi kuletsa madokotala. Paulendo waku Europe, matenda amkati mwa khutu adakulitsidwa ndipo sanalole kuti abwerere kubanja lomwe likukhala ku Atene.

Pa tsiku lochoka ku Naples, lomwe linali kumapeto kwa ulendowu, Heinrich adagwera munthu. Chochititsa chaimfa pa Eva la Khrisimasi Katolika chinali cholesteront yovuta.

Anzanu omwe adanenapo kuti tsoka, nanyamula thupi kupita ku nyumba ya mkazi wachiwiri, wosafa pazithunzi. Pofika maliro a kumanda a likulu la Greek linakhazikitsidwa ndi Mayoleum ofanana ndi kachisi wakale.

Kukumbuka

• 1956 - buku la "Heinrich Schlilin. Loto pafupi atatu "(wolemba Heinrich Alexander Stol)
• 1970 - schliman nthochi
• 1975 - Buku la "Chuma Chachi Greek" (mwa Stone)
• Kuyambira 1980 - Schlaman Museum mu Ankershagen
• 1981 - Troy Chuma Chuma (Actor Tilo Prucner)
• 1982 - Ntchito ya SCHALAN. Episode Yonyalanyazidwa "
• 1990 - Buku "Njira Yatali Yopita ku Troy" (Wolemba I. A. Bogdanov)
• 1991 - Asteroiid302 SCHALCH (yotseguka mu 1977)
• 1995 - Buku "Schliman ku St. Petersburg" (ndi I. A. Bogdanov)
• 1998 - zidutswa za shliman "
• 2006 - Buku "likugwetsa Troy" (ndi Peter Akreyd)
• 2007 - Kanemayo "Wodziwika Broy Troy" (Acror Vino Ferch)
• 2008 - inde "Golide Troy. Wopanga dziko la Antiquities Henry Schliman "(Actor Valery Kuhareshinch)
• Polemekeza okalamba, masukulu ku Neubukov, Fürth ndi Berlin, komanso Institute kuti aphunzire za yunivesite ya Ristock