Chiphunzitso
Zodabwitsa komanso zokhumudwitsa, ngati kuti sizochokera kudziko lapansi, osalakwa a mikhailovich smoktunovsky adapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe achabecha, osagwirizana komanso okhudzidwa.
Malinga ndi zikumbutso za owongolera ndi ogwira ntchito, zinali zosatheka kugwira ntchito ndi Smokenovsky monga ndi ochita zina: anali Mbusa, munthu wolimbikitsidwa mokwanira. Ndipo kwa osalakwa a Mikhailovich, zinthuzi zinalengedwa. Kwa iye yekha.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Sinone Mikhailovich adabadwa mu Marichi 1925 m'mudzi wa Tatianovka, komwe ku Trianovka Province (tsopano - Tomsk), m'banja la Mikhavich Petrovich, adakhala mwana wachiwiri. Malinga ndi mtundu wa Myuda, koma funsolo lidalemba Chimenechi. Makolo ake anali atapita ku Siberia atamuimba za chipwirikitiro cha Chipolopolo mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 1800.
Mnyamatayo atakwanitsa zaka 4, banjali linathawa kwa Tomnger ku Tomsk, ndipo pambuyo pake - ku Krasnoyarsk, komwe achibale amakhala ku Smokenky. Pamenepo, zinthu zasintha pang'ono. Mutu wa banjali umagwira ntchito padoko, Amayi Sconkenkenke adatenga fakitale soseji, koma padalipo muzu wamoyo. Pofuna kudyetsa, Ankimovna amayenera kuba kuchokera ku ntchito ya fupa ndi nyamayo ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito kuphika sopo ndi msuzi.
Mu 1932, njala ikafika ku Krasnoyabel, ndipo ana a Anna asiya, ananso a Keshones Keshones adasiya chiyembekezo chodzayembekeza Petrovna ndi mwamuna wake. Okwatirana omwe analibe ana ake, omwe ankakonda kwambiri anyamata, ndipo moyo unakhala wopambana.
SmoKtunovsky anaphunzira molakwika, sanali ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zasukulu, adawonetsa ufulu komanso kupsa mtima, komwe sikunakonde kwambiri aphunzitsi. Kuphatikiza apo, mnyamatayo sanazindikire olamulira, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamba kumenya nkhondo. Pokhala mu giredi 6, ndiye kuti ankakonda kale, ndipo anasaina kale mu sitima yasewerero, koma posakhalitsa anazunzidwa. Kupitilira pa tsiku la chikondwerero cha kusewera, kuyambira chisangalalo cha wachinyamata, idatembenukira patsogolo pa holo ndipo pamapeto pake sakanatha kusewera. Komabe, ngakhale panali nkhaniyi, thehipo idapitilira kukopa mnyamata. Mwa chowonadi chonse ndi zowonjezera za kesch zomwe amayesa kuti azowere kusewera kwa zisudzo.
Zinthuzi zinali zovuta chifukwa choti kunalibe ndalama, ndipo chifukwa cha zomwe anali nazo sizinali zowopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zonyansa, mpaka kukhazikika kwa matikiti. Pambuyo pake, wosalakwa adagwira ntchito yantchito ya nthawi yayitali m'bwalo la zisudzo za m'masukulu, kenako adalowa sukulu yamakina apainema, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti moyo unakhazikika mpaka vuto linalo.
Nkhondo yayikulu ya dziko lapansi idayamba, abambo adapita kutsogolo. Mnyamatayo adakakamizidwa kuphatikiza zochitika zonsezi ndi ntchito yanthawi yothandiza banja kuti athandize banjali, pomwe ana anayi adaleredwa. Kumapeto kwa 1942, nkhaniyo idabwera kuti Mikhail Smooktunovich adamwalira, ndipo patatha miyezi yochepa ndi osalakwa omwe adatenga nkhondo.
Pafupifupi nthawi ya moyo wa Grand Sector yomwe idanenedwa mwachangu mu Autobigy. Kwa zaka ziwiri, munthu wachichepere adathana nawo akaonana ndi thandizo lomwe sanathere ku thandizo losayembekezeka la msirikali wina waku Germany. Wotetezedwa anapulumuka njala, amene anatsala pang'ono kubadwa kumanda, napulumuka chifukwa cha banja la anthu wamba, anakana ndipo anagwira ntchito, kugwidwa ndi aliyense.
Pa moyo wake wonse, Smokendovsky imathamangitsidwa ndi mtima woyamikira komanso patatha nkhondoyo sanasiye kukhudza ndi opindula nawo.
Fiyeta
Kumapeto kwa nkhondo, osalakwa adabwereranso ku banja. Popeza tayesapo mbali zingapo za ntchito, mnyamatayo adakhazikitsanso m'bwalo la zisudzo ku bwalo la krasnoyarsk. Otsatirawa nthawi zina ankayitanidwa kuti azisewera popanga, ndiye kuti posachedwa Smooktunovsky adapeza mwayi wopita pa siteji.
Komabe, kusaphunzitsidwa mwapadera kunakhudzidwa: nthawi iliyonse mnyamatayo adalembedwa panthawi yochita, zolankhula zake zidakhala chete osamveka. Wotsogolera yemwe adafotokoza zomwe adakumana nazo zomwe zalephera, zomwezo zomwezo modabwitsa komanso mwamantha. Chifukwa cha kusamvana kosatha, pasanathe chaka, sinonti adachotsedwa ku zisudzo.
Pofunafuna chisangalalo, smochtunonkovsky adapita ku Noriilsk, komwe adakhala ndi mwayi wokhazikika m'bwalo lachiwiri la nyimbo za nyimbo ndi sewero. Nthawi yomweyo, sitenenty adasintha mtundu wa smokenovich pa pseudonym, omwe omvera akudziwa. Amati woyang'anira waluso wa zisudzo adawuka izi. Ena amati dzina la ochita sewerolo lisasinthe mwakufuna kwake kuti asatengere Myuda.
Ku Norilsk, chifukwa cha kuthandizidwa ndi anzawo, Smoctunovsky adapereka sukulu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, adataya pang'ono ndipo kenako adatha kuwulula ngati wojambula wowopsa. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo anayamba kulandira maudindo otsogolera.
Pang'onopang'ono, nyengo ya kumpoto idasokoneza thanzi la Adokotala, ndipo Smokenovsky amakakamizidwa kusinthana ndi Makhachk kwa Makhachkala. Pamenepo, wochita seweroli adatha kulowa m'bwalo la Dagistan Russia, koma posakhalitsa ndidakali chete popanda chifukwa, nthawi ino - kutchinjiriza, komwe nthawi yomweyo kubwezeretsa kwachikhalidwe kudayamba.
Atasewera posewera "kuyika ndi gawo la 'episodic, osalakwa adatha kuganizira za atolankhani ndipo adatsimikiza ngati wochita sewero yemwe angakhale" wokoka "komanso wowoneka bwino kwambiri. SmoKtunonksky adayamba kupezeka zithunzi zambiri ndipo posakhalitsa adayamba kuwononga nyenyezi. Koma pang'onopang'ono adalitsa mikangano pakati pa ochita masewerawa ndi mkulu wamkulu wa zisudzo. Pambuyo pake, wolemba ndakatulo adasandulika ndi mkazi wake yemwe adagwiranso ntchito zofanana ndi zofananira, ndipo idakhala udzu womaliza. Mu Januwale 1955, wojambulayo adasiya ndikupita ku Moscow.
Smokenunovsky adalephera kuphatikizira nthawi yomweyo muzosangalatsa zazikuluzikulu za metropolitan. Kwa miyezi ingapo, wochita seweroli adagulitsa malo awo, nthawi ndi nthawi ndikudya ndi okondedwa anzawo a Markovo, pamenepo ku zisudzo dzina lake lenin komsomol, adagwira ntchito zochepa.
Snonkennentia adasunga mnzakeyo ndi Sulamifi Kushnir, mkazi wamtsogolo. Kudzisamalira mwachidwi kwa mnyamatayo, mtsikanayo, yemwe adagwira ntchito yopeka, adakonza zojambulazo ku Theatre-studio ya ochita kanema.
Mu 1957, mwangozi, smokensovsky adalandira udindo wa Prince Tyshkin pakupanga "idiot" m'bwalo la zisudzo. Chifukwa cha udindowu, ulemerero udadza kwa Wochita seweroli, osati ku Moscow kokha, komanso ku Soviet Union kokha.
Mgwirizano wa Geniyev Georgy Tovstonog ndi Snomtontia Smokenkovsky kwenikweni adagwedeza dziko. Osalakwa adayamba kugwira ntchito ku BDT, kusewera maudindo akuluakulu mu magwiridwe angapo. Nthawi yomweyo, wojambulayo adayamba kufinya. Posakhalitsa zinachitika chifukwa cha kujambula, Smokenovsky anali atachedwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yomwe ili mu zisudzo zake. Wotentha kwambiri ku Frevstogov adachotsedwa ntchito. Zinachitika mu 1960.
Mu zisudzo za osalakwa Mihaylovich okha adabwerako mu 70s ndipo kwa zaka 20 pambuyo pake, adasewera mu magwiridwe ambiri, kulimbikitsidwa komanso kosayenera ulemerero wake. Duet yokongola ya Smokenkovsky ndi Oleg Efremova idasiyanitsidwa makamaka.
Mpaka zaka zaposachedwa za moyo, sinontia Mikhailovich, abwenzi awiri nthawi zambiri amasewera limodzi.
Mafilimu
Kuyambira mu 1960s, wochita seweroli adagwira nawo ntchito ku sinema, filimuyi ya Smokenkovsky imapanga zabwino ndi theka la zojambula. Owonera Soviet okhala ndi mafilimu omwe ali ndi gawo "samalani ndi galimoto", "TCHOVSKY", yomwe idabweretsa mphoto ya San Seblean, Hamlet, woperekedwa ndi mphotho ya Lenin. Ntchito ya Petrophich Petrovich mu "upandu ndi kulangidwa" adadziwika ndi mphotho ya boma ya RSFS.
Mawu a "ojambula odziwika pang'ono" ochokera ku Melodrama Vladimir Menshov "Moscow sakhulupirira misozi" yomwe idasinthidwa kukhala zolemba za OScacaneone. Otsutsa adawona kuti wolamulira milandu ya "Genius" ndi Alexander Abdoluv adzatengedwa komanso kukhumudwitsidwa kwa anthu enieni a Mafia.
Mu TV kupatula "mozart ndi salieri", Smokenovsky, Smooktunovsky amafanana ndi wopanga bwino kwambiri, m'mavuto ang'onoang'ono "- kale, omwe amawerengedwa ndi wakupha.
Mwina, chifukwa cha kuthekera kodabwitsa kophatikiza ndi luntha, ndipo nthawi zina nkhanza za Smokenky adakhulupira kuti kusinthika kwa nsidze kapena, motsutsana, kutero, kuti Thamangani popanda kunena. Kukula kwakukulu (184 masentimita) kumaganiziridwanso ngati njira yosinthira ukulu ndi udindo.
Wosaiwalika adachitika, kuchitidwa ndi ntchito yayikulu ya Britain ku TV ku TV "Kubwera kwa Sherlock Holmes ndi Dr. Watson" - kuphatikiza incysch incy.
Ndipo momwe mfumu ya Emperor Juninian idasangalatsidwa ndi sewerolo "Rus Yoyambirira", lokhala ndi chidwi, limatumiza atsogoleri a French mu "nyenyezi ya IrkhotsK mu" nyenyezi ya chisangalalo chojambula. "
Nthawi yonseyi, ku Egyemble ndi Smokenovsky anali ochita zowala kwambiri. Mukufufuza, "Kubera" kwa Jack London Orderdellants ku Tandem ndi anastasia vertinskaya, mu Anna ndi Armar - ndi Tatiana VasalEva. Mu filimu Sergey Grasimov "Ana aakazi - A Seweroli" amasewera mkazi wa Tamara Makarova ndi Abambo Larisa Udovichenko.
Ntchito zaposachedwa zidapitilirabe kutuluka pambuyo pa kufa kwa sannontia mikhailovich. Mwachitsanzo, "vinyo kuchokera ku ma dandelions", pomwe gawo la Smokenkovsky lidayenera kunenedwa ndi Sergey Bezrukov, popeza adalibe nthawi yolemba nyimbozi.
Moyo Wanu
Zambiri za moyo wamunthu wamunthu wa Soviet Union adagawana momasuka pakuyankhulana. Ukwati woyamba wa sinclentia wokhala ndi mnzake pagesi ya Robkov adatenga zaka ziwiri. Pang'onopang'ono, kukongola komwe kumakhazikika kwa wokwatirana naye komanso kunachita chidwi ndi mwamuna wina. Smokenunovsky sanachitepo kanthu motere, wosudzulidwa ndi mkazi wake ndikupita ku Moscow, komwe adakumana ku Sulamifs Kushnir.
Mtsikanayo, atambasulira dzanja la thandizo la wochita zachinyengo, pamapeto pake adakhala mnzake pa moyo.
Ana atatu adabadwa muukwatiwu. Nadia wamkulu adamwalira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atabadwa. Mwana wachiwiri mu 1957 anakhala mwana wa Filipo. Mwana wamkazi wa Mariya anaonekera kwa okwatirana mu 1965. Snorkenty Mikhailovich amafuna ana kuti apitilize mzera wawo, koma wamng'ono Smomtunovsky sanakonde bwalo ngati Atate.
Zowona, Mariya, yemwe adavina m'masewera a Bolphot, kenako adalunjika m'mitu ya Maschat, adatha kuyatsa m'magawo a zojambula "Sukhovo-kohblin", "Hona Lake". Filipo adakhala womasulira. M'mapazi a agogo, anastasia, amene anabadwira m'mabanja a kufiripo ndipo Balllerina Olga Buckevich adapita ku banja la Afiliji. Mtsikanayo amasewera ku Armen Dzhigarharhayana azotupa.
Malinga ndi mwana wake wamkazi, a Smoctunonks adakhulupirira kuchokera pa ubwana wake mwa Mulungu, kutolera zifanizo, chifukwa ndi chinyengo chamagulu "nkhani za m'Baibulo". Kanema wa zaka 15 wagonjetsedwa ndi alumali, kenako kufatsa kwa mbale kunatuluka, komwe kumatsalira, ndipo iwo amasungidwa muzosungidwa zakale za mafani. Zolemba zimapezeka pa netiweki, pomwe menkentiy Mikhailovich amawerenga Pushkin, Cervante, Chekhov, Dostoevsky.
Imfa
Choyambitsa kufa kwa Smokenkovsky mu Ogasiti 1994 chinali vuto la mtima. M'modzi wapitawo, molingana ndi nkhani za okondedwa, ochita seweroli adawonongeka mu Marichi. Sizinatanthauze, kuwombera kujambulidwa mu zojambula "zoyera" ndi "kukopa dzuwa". Kuphatikiza apo, mu onse osalakwa, Mikhailovich adasewera anthu okalamba, omwe moyo wake ukutha. Atamaliza, ndinapita ku Sanalirium, ndipo patatha masiku angapo ndimafuna kubwerera kwathu. Achibale adafika kunyamula wojambula yemwe adamwalira kale - sanapulumuke ndi vuto lachinayi.
Kumvera kwa wochita seweroli wotchuka wapita ku Mkate wotchedwa Chekhov. Omwe analipo kale ndi amakumbukira chithunzicho chomwe chinawonetsedwa pa siteji: "Kuwoneka kozindikira kwa myshkin." Manda a osalakwa a Samtunonky amapezeka pamphepete mwa Novodevichy, mzere umodzi ndi oleg Boorisov ndi Ivan kozlovsky.
Kafukufuku
- 1969 - "Upandu ndi Chilango"
- 1970 - "Amalume vani"
- 1974 - "Anna ndi Woyang'anira"
- 1975 - "nyenyezi yopatsa chisangalalo"
- 1979 - "Moscow sakhulupirira misozi"
- 1982 - Kuba "
- 1985 - "Ana a Dzuwa"
- 1985 - "Nkhani yachilendo ya Dr. Jekila ndi Mr. Heyda"
- 1987 - "" Midming, mtsogolo! "
- 1990 - "dona la droor"
- 1990 - "Msampha wa Munthu Wosungulumwa"
- 1993 - Killer "
- 1994 - "holide yoyera"