Mbiri Yodziwika
"Master ndi Margarita" - Buku la Mikhail Bulgakov, yemwe amavomereza owerenga malingaliro kuyambira 1967. Mafani akuluakulu a wolemba nkhani nthanoyi, nthawi iliyonse atapeza ntchito yatsopanoyi, ndipo mbadwo wachichepere udzasinthiratu pamasamba a Messira ndi masuti: Greella, Hippo ndi Koroviev. Mikhail Afanasyevich adakwanitsa kuchita zozizwitsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuganiza:"Ndiye gawo lanji lamphamvu lomwe nthawi zonse limafuna zoyipa ndipo nthawi zonse limapindula?".Mbiri ndi Prototypes
Bulgakov anali ngati dokotala waluso komanso wotsutsa komanso munthu wodabwitsa. Piripe ya chinsinsi, yomwe imakhomedwa ndi mbiri ya wolemba, sizipereka mtendere ndi asayansi akuyesera kuti atole zidziwitso zonse pamodzi. Chifukwa chake, funsoli ndi pamene Mikhail Aipavich abwera ndi Master ndi Margarita, osatseguliratu, koma osinkhasimila olembedwawa amavomereza kuti zojambulajambulazo zidapangidwa mu 1928-1929.
Kuphatikiza apo, ku Mikhail Afachasvich's Debanut, kunalibe mzere wachikondi wa wolemba wopanda dzina mu chipewa chakuda ndi mkazi amene adanyamula maluwa achikasu ". Poyamba, Genius adayamba kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso za mdyerekezi: Mu kope lapadera, mapepalawo adasungidwa kuchokera ku madikishonale, nkhani za Mikhail Orlov ndi zochokera ku ntchitozo, zomwe zikulongosola mphamvu yamphamvuyo.
Mu 1930, bulgakov adalandira chithandizo chochokera ku Komiti Yachikulu: M'kalatayo akuti kusewera "Kabala Svyatosh" (1929) sanaloledwe kuyimira zisudzo, (1929) sanaloledwe kuyimira zisudzo, Koma, monga mukudziwa, "zolemba pamanja sizikuyaka," Chifukwa chake, ambiri mwa ndimezi, ndiye mabuku awiri okulidwa ndi ma sheet a indoronve, adapulumuka.
Mu 1932, Mikhail Afasasviich amabwereranso ku lingaliro lake ndipo amakhala pansi kuti alembe bukulo, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nyimbo za wolemba. Zowona, bulgakov imadalira chiwembu cha m'Baibulo ndipo adali ndi mdierekezi ndi woyesayo ndi propecartor, pomwe pamtundu womaliza wa Mkazi amachita monga wa Mboni ndi wowonera. Mu 1940, thanzi la Bulgakov limayamba kuwonongeka kwambiri: Matenda a impso adapezeka mu fanizo la mabuku.
Mikhail Afasastevich adamangidwa ndipo, nanga zowawa zamphamvu kwambiri, adanenanso za mkazi wake Ergeyevna Exarsuev, za mitambo ya Toroviev ndi therere "vinyo.
Roman adawona kuwala kokha mu 1966 (67), mkazi wamasiye wa wolemba adasintha zolemba pafupifupi makumi awiri. Utoto unakhala m'modzi mwa zilembo zowala komanso zosaiwalika. Ngwazi iyi ilibe chithunzi chowona, chifukwa chithunzi cha mage akuda ndichosonkhana. Wolemba iye adati:
"Sindikufuna kupereka chifukwa chongoyang'ana ma prototypes. Voland alibe ma prototypes. "Mikhal bulgakov yotchedwa Mesura ndi wotsutsa wamkulu wa mphamvu yakumwamba - Satana. Osachepera, fanizo lokhala ndi chipembedzo cha zoyipa zikuwoneka kuti zikuwoneka kuti zikuwoneka. Kuphatikiza apo, wolembayo amadalira amene adatsogolera a Johanna Gegete, yemwe adapereka izi kwa "Fast" ku Kiev, adakondwera kumvetsera dzina lomweli la Charles Pudner.
M'malo mwake, mdaniyo ali ndi mzimu woyipa ndi mzimu woyipa, kupatula, ponena za umunthuwu wapezeka m'thupi la Epigraph ndi Phunziro la matsenga akuda, ndikuyika chibwano chamiyala yake ndikukonzekera chifukwa chogawana ndi Moscow. Pomwepo, kufanana ndi chifanizo cha "Mepofmel", chopangidwa ndi marble a Mark okhala ndi Ancorska, amapezeka. Inde, ndipo mbuyeyo m'zolemba zoyambirira ankatchedwa kuti utoto.
Wosewerera Edward Radinsky adawona kufanana pakati pa mmene mkato ndi Joseph Stalin, ndipo ofufuza ena amagwirizanitsa Messira ndi kubweranso kwachiwiri kwa Yesu Khristu. Mwa zina, rodzu nduwira zimakonda tanthauzo la mdierekezi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ku Germany chiwanda chotchedwa Balay, pomwe ku Fauste, Mefutofel adalemba mawu:
"Wolemekezeka wa Mkazi akupita!".Chifanizo
Mikhal Bulgakov adafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuwonekera kuchokera pamasamba oyamba a ntchitoyi, kotero owerenga sakhala ndi vuto la chithunzi cha ngwazi iyi. Wokonzera adawonekera asanakhale oyang'anira mabuku okhala ndi brunette yayitali komanso yosalala, yomwe imakokedwa pansi (ngodya imakokedwa pansi) komanso ndi m'magazi ena. Zotsatira zake, pamalingaliro a Messira, gawo lomwe linadabwitsidwa.
Maso a mdierekezi anali osiyananso ndi wina ndi mnzake: Diso lamanja linali lopanda kanthu, ngati lakufa, ndipo linalo linali lowala komanso moyo wobiriwira. Mafani a Bulgakov akuganiza kuti "mbuye ndi margarita" ndi ogwirizana omwe amapeza wokonda ntchito imeneyi.
Zowonadi, mu mawonekedwe a mbali yowala - Yeshua ga-Nozri - mutha kupeza zowonjezera za mphwayi, ndipo mosemphanitsa. Pamene wopandukawo wawonekera kwa Pilato Pilato Pilato Pilato Pilato Pilato Pilato Pilato, diso la mkamwa panali zolemetsa zakuda. Khungu lomwe limaphedwa lakuda limakhumudwitsidwa, pomwe pa kuphedwa kwa Yeshua, dzuwa lowala lidayaka.
Komanso, Voland anali ndi kumwetulira koopsa, osati kamwa yokhotakhota yokha, komanso mano ake: Kunja kwa dzanja limodzi la platinamu, pa enanso - golide wina. Satana adawoneka asanakhale wopanda nyumba ndi Mikhail Berlioz mu suti yodula, nsapato zokhala ndi zofunda komanso nzimbe zokhala ndi poodle.
Mwa njira, tambala a bulgakov imaperekanso msonkho kwa "zokoma", chifukwa Mefastofwef anawonekera patsogolo pa pulofesa wa chiweto ichi. MZIMWERE ZOPHUNZITSIRA ZOPHUNZITSIRA MAuzi, womwe ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu zodetsedwa, chifukwa zodabwitsa zonse zikuchitika pansi pa chivundikiro chausiku. Ndizosangalatsa kuti mawu oti "Dant": Anthu okhala ku Moscow amvedwa nthawi zonse ku Roma: Anthu okhala ku Moscow 'wopanda nthambi "wopanda nthambi ya chikumbumtima, ngati kuti kutchula satana.
"Ndi chiyani ndi ine? Izi sizinachitike konse ... SALIT ... ndinatopa kwambiri. Mwina ndi nthawi yosiya zonse ku gehena ndi kislovodsk ... "- Mikhail Berlioz adaganiza, ndikuwona korovyev kukwezedwa mlengalenga.Alendo Asanakhaleko, Msoto zimawonekera mwa mawonekedwe osavomerezeka: mu malaya onyansa komanso opusa usiku. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zovala za Yeshua, ndi Blue Boton, idasandulika nthiti ya ritibon, yomwe anthu aku Israeli adakana. Pa mpira, wochita bwino umapezeka mumtima wakuda, magolovesi akuda ndi lupanga.
Ofufuzawo amakhulupirira kuti machitidwe a machitidwe a Voland siachilengedwe, ndipo zikuwoneka ngati zolinga zamasikuwo: zimawoneka ngati zowoneka bwino ndipo zimasowa mwadzidzidzi, ngati kuti akuchita ntchito pa siteji.
Mbuye wamdima ndi wautali kwambiri, wodetsa, nthawi zambiri amamwetulira pokambirana, ali ndi malingaliro akuthwa ndipo amadziwa zonse. Sangangoganiza kuti munthuyushka adzawaza mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Bukulo likunena kuti Mdyerekezi sakufa, ali ndi mphamvu zamatsenga komanso nthawi.
Mbuye wa Roma "ndi Margarita"
Mu ntchito ya bulgakov, kulandidwa kwamtundu si kwachiwiri, koma gawo lalikulu. Mlendo wa mwinjiro wakuda amawonekera kumayambiriro kwa bukuli ndikuwonetsa owerenga mphamvu kwambiri. Pakati pa ndakatulo Ivan wosowa pokhala ndi wolemba, Mikhal Berlioz adayamba kukambirana za Mulungu, ndipo podutsa (ndipo mwina akadaganiza kuti ndikadakambirana osakhulupirira kuti kuli Mulungu.Zowona, kukambirana kumeneku kwa kholo lakale kunatha zachisoni: Mikhaal Alexandrovichi adataya mutu wake, ndipo mnzake adamwalira. Koma, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, Voland analibe cholinga chofuna kukhumudwitsa ena, sanali mdierekezi amene amangomva kukhala oyenera, ndipo mphwayo amangoyang'ana masewera amoyo. Nkhumba, Vola, kakhalidwe ndi chiwerewere, umbombo, kusakhala luso, kuchuluka kwamtundu, ndipo mdierekezi adayang'ana lingaliro ili ndikudziwika:
"Anthu wamba ... ambiri, amakumbutsa zomwezo ... funso lanyumba limangowawononga ..."Malingaliro amadziwa malingaliro a anthu pasadakhale, motero buku limachita kugwira ntchito kwa woweruza. Mbali yowala ya Volaland ndi chilungamo, chifukwa aliyense atenga mogwirizana ndi chikhulupiriro chake. Msoti samangochititsa gawo lamatsenga mu "mitundu" komanso imawopseza oyandikana nawo nyumba yazomera pansi pomwe mumsewu ndi dimba lalikulu 302-bis, komanso a SIS, amakwaniritsa mpira wa satana.
Zochitika za Mdyerekezi zimasonkhana ochimwa omwe awululidwa kwambiri: othandiza, opha, oyang'anira boma, maudindo, umboni, ndi ubwino wina. Pamapeto la bukuli, mtundu wa Vgarita unawululidwa, ndipo olemba ena adawonetsedwanso ndi ntchito yomaliza, wolemba Pavel Samev adatchulapo mawu a Voland. "
Mafilimu
Mikhal Bulgakov Roma adayesa kutchinga otsogolera otchuka nthawi zambiri, koma, ngati kuti ali ndi vuto lililonse, si aliyense amene angathe kuchita izi. Pali mphamvu zamatsenga zomwe Mikhail Afanasyevich anali osamutsa buku la TV, kotero bajeti ikusowa ntchito yapadera ndi mawuwo, kenako oyang'anira phwando anali osadetsedwa ndi mawu "Zosatheka", ndiye kuti milandu idayamba.
Zoterezi ndi malingaliro zidadutsa pambuyo pa Vladimir Namov, yemwe adalongosola zolembedwa, adalota za Elena Sergeyevna (mkazi wa Bulgakov), yemwe amafuna kuti athetse ntchitoyi pa filimuyi. Koma, komabe, otsogolera adatha kumasula ntchito zingapo:
- 1972 - "Master ndi Margarita" (Italy, Yugoslavia, Alexander Perovich)
- 1988 - "Master ndi Margarita" (Poland, Mathe Volyshko)
- 1994 - "Master ndi Margarita" (Russia, Yuri Kara)
- 2005 - "Master ndi Margarita" (Russia, Vladimir Bortko)
Osewera
Mndandanda wa ochita masewera omwe adakwanitsa kuyesa udindo wa VOland Volaoland, ndi yaying'ono. Woyamba yemwe munthu wina woyenera anali wachiwerewere dzina lake Aida Atchir Aida Kyini, yemwe adasewera m'chithunzichi 1972. Kanemayo ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi wolemba woyamba, ngakhale adapereka mphotho yadziko lonse komanso kulandira mphotho ya ICF ku Venice. Kyuni adakwanitsa kugwira nawo ntchitoyo, koma kunja sanafananepo Voland: M'malo mwa ulamuliro, omvera adawona munthu imvi mu thonje.
Mu 1988, woyang'anira Matso Mathelyshko adatenga bulgakov ya Roma, yomwe adakwanitsa kuthana ndi ndemanga zabwino za omvera ndi mafani a mini-mndandanda sizili zosiyana ndi bukhuli. Nthawi iyi, Apprubev Harubek, odziwika bwino pamakafilimuwo, adayankhulidwa m'chifuwa cha Mbuye wa Helo wa gehena: "Mtanda wa Blue" (1966).
Kupitilira apo, chithunzi cha satana adayesa ku Russian Gamentn Gaft, yemwe adazindikira pakufunsidwa:
"Wanga wanga si mdierekezi, koma mthenga wa mphamvu!"Valentin Josephovych ananena kuti Mdyerekezi ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri wa buku la Bulgakovsky. Mufilimu "mbuye ndi margarita", omwe adawomberedwa mu 1994, adasewera Victor Rakov, Alexander Pulippeev, Egey Moravlev ndi nthumwi zina zaluso.
Mu 2005, Vladimir Bortko adalandira lamulo, ndipo ziyenera kunenedwa kuti mkuluyo adayesetsa kukulitsa pamanja a Mikul AfanayEvach pa filimu. Gawo la nyimbo silinalephere, mutu waukulu wa mndandandawu ndi "nyimbo ya Voland" Igor Kornelyuk.
Popeza nthawi yomwe nthawi yomenyera ufulu wathanzi ndi yokwanira, Vladimir Vladimirovich adapanga mndandanda wa mini. Udindo wa VOELAND ili ndi Oleg Bandilashivi. Maonekedwe a wochita sewerowo sagwirizana ndi malongosoledwewo, koma olen valerionovich adachirikiza mphamvu zamidima.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti gawo loyamba la Messira linayenera kukhala ndi Oleg Yankovsky, koma wojambulayo sanakhalepo chikhumbo ndikukana chithunzichi. Komanso Borton anaona ngati a Gary Worman, Jean Reno ndi Clauus Maria Brandauer. Kuphatikiza pa Bandilashivivina, yoseweredwa ndi Alexander Gallibin, Vladislav Galkin, Kirill Lavruvov, Sergey Bezrukov ndi Alexander Bashirov.
Mawu
"Osamawafunsa chilichonse! Palibe kalikonse, makamaka iwo amene ali ndi mphamvu kuposa inu. Zidzapereka zonse zomwe zingapatse zonse! "" Inde, munthuyu ndi wachivundi, koma kungakhale polbie. Choyipa ndichakuti nthawi zina amakhala wachivundo, ndi zomwe zikuyenda! Ndipo konse, sichinganene zomwe ati achite lero. "" China chake, kufuna kwako, kuwunikira mwa amuna, kupeputsa vinyo, zokambirana za akazi okongola, okonda phwando. Anthu otere kapena odwala kwambiri, kapena kudana ndi ena mobisa. Zowona, zochulukirapo ndizotheka. Ena mwa omwe adandichitira ndi ine pagome mnzake, nthawi zina ma scaundres odabwitsa omwe adakumana ndi zinenedwe zosiyanasiyana, monga nthawi zonse, - funde lomwe tikukambirana, sizimasintha kuchokera Izi. "" Kubwereza kwachiwiri - ndizomwe zamkhutu! Chatsopano ndi m'modzi - woyamba, ndiye womaliza. Ndipo ngati smurgeon ndiye kubwereza kwachiwiri, ndiye zikutanthauza kuti wagwidwa! "Zosangalatsa
- Cosmology of the Nect "Master ndi Margarita" ndizosiyana ndi chiwembu cha m'Baibulo chakale, ngakhale pali mbali ziwiri zotsutsana za zabwino ndi zoyipa mu Bukhu. Ku Bulgakov, ndi ofanana, ndipo "Dipatimenti iliyonse yachitika pazinthu zake." Msoti sangathe kukhululuka Pilato ndi Frido, ndipo Yeshua alibe ufulu wotola ambuye.
- Malinga ndi mphekesera, bukuli limatetezedwa ku United States. Zomwe zimachitika kwa a ku America - ndizovuta kuweruza, koma mndandanda wa TV "waluso wa adokotala" (2012-2013) Hergakovsky ngwazi), komwe akulephera.
- M'mawu oyambira Volaland anatcha Astartotom, ndipo bukuli lidavala maina a "mainjiniya" ndi "Mag wakuda".
- Bulgakov adalongosola za ku Beamga ngati munthu wapakatikati, pomwe mu TV, mbuye ndi Margarita "ogradiashiva adakwanitsa zaka 71. Pontiyo Pilato M'bukuli ndi wachichepere, koma wochita sevrov (Cyril Lavrov), yemwe anachita mbali yomwe bwanayo, anali pafupifupi 80.
- M'malemba pamanja za bukuli, malongosoledwe a mawonekedwe a nkhosa adakhala masamba khumi ndi asanu.